Sclerotia carinata ( Gorham, 1880 ) Gorham, 1880

Ballantyne, Lesley A., Lambkin, Christine L., Luan, Xin, Boontop, Yuvarin, Nak-Eiam, Sorasak, Pimpasalee, Suttisan, Silalom, Sommyot & Thancharoen, Anchana, 2016, Further studies on south eastern Asian Luciolinae: 1. Sclerotia Ballantyne, a new genus of fireflies with back swimming larvae 2. Triangulara Pimpasalee, a new genus from Thailand (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), Zootaxa 4170 (2), pp. 201-249 : 226

Sclerotia carinata ( Gorham, 1880) comb. nov.

( Figs 25, 26 , 74−85 )

Luciola carinata Gorham, 1880: 104 . Olivier 1885: 26; 1902: 75; 1907a: 51. McDermott 1966: 100.

Holotype. Male. INDONESIA: Java labelled as follows: 1 . Java; 2. Coll. Guer-Mén.; 3. Red label “ Gorham type ”; 4. “ carinata Gorh. striata Lat ? nec striata Fab. (hand written in black ink); 5. “ Type ” (Red printing on white label). ( IRNSB).

Other specimens examined. INDONESIA: Java, Buitenzorg : F Muir, 4 males ( SAMA) ; female, F W Christian (NHML); no collector or date, male, female (NHML). W Java Pasaoeran R W Paine, abundant over fields at night i.1933, male ( NHML) .

Diagnosis. The most distinctively coloured species of this genus ( Figs 25 , 74, 75 ); pronotum yellow with two median dark spots, elytra brown with pale yellow lateral margin, apex, suture and four pale interstitial lines; median anterior margin of sheath tergite with shallow margination; right side of posterior margin of sheath sternite with a short angulate projection which represents the end of the oblique ridge of the sheath sternite, otherwise posterior margin truncate with left corner rounded ( Fig. 77 ). Females macropterous, larvae unknown.

Male redescription. 10.2–10.4 mm long; 2.4 X as long as wide. Colour ( Figs 25, 26 , 74, 75 ): Pronotum orange yellow with two median dark markings; MS and MN yellow; elytra brown with pale yellow lateral margin, pale apex, suture and four pale interstitial lines; fine thin pale lines occur between suture and interstitial line 1, between lines 1 and 2, and between 3 and 4; head between eyes, labrum and scape yellow; remainder of antennae brown; palpi light brown; ventral aspect of thorax dingy yellow, all legs yellow with dark brown tarsi; abdominal V2–4 brighter yellow due in part to semi-transparency of cuticle and underlying fat body; V5 yellow with posterior 1/3 dark brown; light organs in V6, 7 creamy yellow; dorsal abdomen yellow.

Pronotum: width subequal humeral width; W/L 1.6–1.8; L/BL 0.18–0.19; W/GHW 1.3; median posterior margin broadly and shallowly emarginated. Elytron: 0.80–0.82 as long as total body length. Head: SIW/GHW 0.15. Type has apical right palpomere with 4 teeth, basal tooth broad; other males have 3 teeth on right apical palpomere; apical left palpomere with 5 teeth in type, other males have 2 (basal tooth broad). Antennae slightly longer than GHW. Abdomen: V7 with wide shallow anterior emargination.

Aedeagal sheath sclerites ( Figs 78−80 ): ventral sclerite approximately triangular in outline with narrowed proximal end, sides not thickened and elongate raised area just to left of centre ( Figs.78−80 ); right sclerite appearing Y shaped, with three projections to the right, two symmetrical, apically rounded with deep emargination separating them (the arms of the “Y”), and third projection a short hook on right side at the base of the emargination ( Fig. 79 ); left sclerite roughly triangular in outline, with thickened central ridges, and slender apically rounded anterior projection arising from the anterior ventral surface ( Figs 79, 80 ).

Aedeagal sheath ( Fig. 77 ): with oblique median ridge projecting into a short posterolateral projection on right side which curves slightly dorsally; rest of posterior margin of sheath sternite truncate; median anterior margin of sheath tergite shallowly emarginated (not clearly visible in Fig. 77 ).

Aedeagus ( Figs 83−85 ): L/W of type 1.75, of NHML specimens 2.5; LL subequal in length; posterior margin of LL slightly sinuate with longer inner margin; inner margins not hooked; LL diverge along their dorsal length. Length basal piece/total length aedeagus 0.5 (0.6 in type)

Female: Colour ( Fig. 76 ): as for male, except for basal abdominal ventrites which are yellow with black posterior half of V5; V7, 8 orange yellow. Posterior margin of V7 broadly and shallowly emarginated.

Remarks. Olivier (1885) described an ‘immature’ male from Sumatra (perhaps meaning it was smaller than the typical specimens) with tibiae black on their outer side and a reversible hood formed by T8 over V7 (LB translation and interpretation of the original French). In Sclerotia spp. the thin margins of tergite 8 partially enfold the sides and sometimes the apex of ventrite 7 (this may be a partially post-mortem effect; see Figs 81, 82 ).

Figures

FIGURES 17 − 28. Sclerotia gen. nov. spp. males. 17, 18 Scl. aquatilis. 19, 20 Luciola cingulata type male (MCSN). 21, 22 Luciola brahmina type male (MNHN). 23, 24 Luciola seriata holotype male (MCSN). 25, 26 Scl. carinata male (SAMA). 27, 28 Scl. fui sp. nov. paratype males (NHMHAU). 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 28 dorsal; 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 ventral. Specimens are not to scale and are assembled to allow comparison of elytral and abdominal features.

FIGURES 74 − 85. Scl. carinata males and female (76). 74, 76 dorsal (76 anterior half of body only); 77 aedeagal sheath ventral; 78 − 80 tergite 8 with sclerites (78, 80 dorsal, 79 ventral; posterior left margin of 79, 80 incomplete); 81, 82 abdomen ventral (81) and right lateral (82); 83 − 85 aedeagus 83 ventral; 84 dorsal; 85 left lateral. Scale lines are 1 mm. These figures share scale lines: 74, 75; 78 − 80; 83, 85.