Scorpiops phatoensis, Kovařík & Lowe & Stockmann & Šťáhlavský, 2020

Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Stockmann, Mark & Šťáhlavský, František, 2020, Revision of genus-group taxa in the family Scorpiopidae Kraepelin, 1905, with description of 15 new species (Arachnida Scorpiones), Euscorpius 325, pp. 1-140 : 77-90

Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n.

( Figures 142 , 155 , 176 , 186 , 362 , 562–600 , 792 , 799 , 810 , Tables 5, 9) http: //zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 736EED55-

9F20-4AB1-8D72-6099B4758705

Euscorpiops / Scorpiops sp. 3 : Šťáhlavský et al., in press.

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Thailand, Chumphon Province, Phato , 9.8292990°N 98.7731480°E ; FKCP.

TYPE MATERIAL ( FKCP). Thailand, Chumphon Province, Phato , 9.8292990°N 98.7731480°E, 222 m a. s. l. ( Fig. 362 ) ,

14.VII.2019, under rocks, primary forest, waxing moon, 1♂ (holotype, 1729) 1♀ (paratype), leg. Martin and Petra Reinartz; Phato, 9.8292990°N 98.7731480°E, 222 m a. s. l., 27.X.2019, 19:00-22:00, UV detection, under rocks and in rock cracks, primary forest, new moon, 1♂ 5♀ (paratypes, 1819), leg. M. Stockmann.

ETYMOLOGY. Named after the locality of occurrence near Phato city.

DIAGNOSIS (♂ ♀). Total length 28–30 mm. Base color uniformly reddish black. Pectine teeth number 5–6 in males and 4–5 in females, fulcra absent. Pectines with 2 marginal and 1–2 middle lamellae. Patella of pedipalp with 16 (5 eb, 2 esb, 2 em, 3 est, 4 et) external trichobothria and 6 ventral trichobothria. Chela of pedipalp with 4 V series trichobothria located on ventral surface. Chelal trichobothrium Eb 3 located in middle of manus at same level or distal as Dt. Fingers of pedipalps slightly straight in both sexes. Chela length to width ratio 3.7 in male and 2.8 in female. Pedipalp movable finger with ca. 17 IAD and ID, ca. 40 MD which create 8 straight rows in a line, and there are also 8 OD present. Tarsomere II of legs with row of 4–6 stout median ventral spinules and two pairs of flanking setae. Metasoma I with 8 or 10, and metasoma II–IV with 8 carinae. Telson rather elongate, sparsely granulate, more so in male, length to depth ratio 2.8–3 in both sexes; annular ring present.

DESCRIPTION (♂ ♀). Total length 28–30 mm. Habitus as shown in Figs. 562–565 . For position and distribution of trichobothria on pedipalps, see Figs. 574a–579a . Sexual dimorphism: adult males have larger pectines than females; pedipalp chela and patella are more narrow in male; fingers of pedipalps are straight in both sexes ( Figs. 575 and 583 ).

Coloration ( Figs. 562–565 , 597–600 ). Base color uniformly reddish black to black. Legs and telson are yellow to reddish brown, sternites lighter, yellowish to reddish brown. Chelicerae yellowish brown and reticulate, fingers reddish brown.

Carapace and mesosoma ( Figs. 562–565 , 590–593 ). Entire carapace covered with minute granules; carinae absent. Anterior margin of carapace with a deep median notch. Carapace with two, or two normal and one reduced pairs of lateral eyes. Mesosoma granulated, with one median carina developed. Tergite VII is pentacarinate. Sternites smooth or finely granulated with two parallel furrows except sternite VII which is strongly granulated without carinae. Pectine teeth number 5–6 in males and 4–5 in female. Pectines with 2 marginal and 1–3 middle lamellae; fulcra absent.

Metasoma and telson ( Figs. 566–573 ). Metasoma sparsely hirsute and granulated, with sparse, relatively large granules. Metasomal segment I with 10 or 8 carinae, II–IV with 8 carinae, and V with 5 carinae. Median lateral carinae of metasoma II and V indicated by isolated granules that may coalesce into carinae. Dorsolateral carinae of segments II–IV terminate posteriorly in a pronounced tooth. Telson elongate and granulate with annular ring developed in both sexes.

Pedipalps ( Figs. 574–589 ). Pedipalps very sparsely hirsute. Patella with 16 (5 eb, 2 esb, 2 em, 3 est, 4 et) external and 6 ventral trichobothria. Chela with 4 V series trichobothria located on ventral surface. Femur and patella are finely granulated. Femur with 3–4 granulose carinae, and patella with 5 carinae, with dorsal patellar spurs reduced and ventral patellar spurs pronounced. Manus dorsally with fine rounded granules, which in the central area form an irregular dorsal secondary carina. External surface of chela covered by minute granules, with an almost complete external secondary carina with larger sparse granules. Movable fingers with ca. 17 IAD and ID in a row, parallel with MD (ca. 40 in number) which create 8 straight rows in a line, and there are also 8 OD present. Legs ( Figs. 594–596 ). Tibia and tarsomeres of legs with several setae not arranged into bristle combs on dorsal surfaces but with rows of spinules on dorsolateral surfaces and on legs I – II also on ventrolateral surface. Tarsomere II of legs with row of 4–6 stout median ventral spinules and two pairs of flanking setae. Femur with 3–4 and patella 4–5 carinae; both femur and patella granulated.

Measurements. See Table 5.

Figures

Figure 186: Dentition of crown-like structures (cls) and distal posterior lobe (dpl) apex of 16 scorpiopids. Species are grouped according to four major clades resolved by DNA analysis (Šťáhlavský et al., in press). To highlight inconsistency of the trichobothrial classification with molecular phylogeny, previously described species are listed under genera (in quotes) where they were originally placed according to trichobothriotaxic characters of Soleglad & Fet (2001). Cited ranges of cls denticle counts for each species represent data from both left and right hemispermatophores extracted from all available specimens: N =1, except for “Alloscorpiops” wongpromi (N = 2), “A.” anthracinus (N = 2), Scorpiops thaomischi (N = 2), and “Euscorpiops” problematicus (N = 3). Data with N> 1 reveal intraspecific stability of cls dentition patterns, and intraspecific variability of dpl denticulation patterns. Right insets: convex (upper inset) and concave (lower inset) views of whole hemispermatophore of Scorpiops kautti sp. n. Anatomical structures and measurements are indicated. Scale bar: 2 mm.

Figure 799. Geographic distribution of the family Scorpiopidae. The map plots locality

Figures 134–148: Scorpiops spp., right pectines. Figure 134. S. harmsi, female, holotype. Figure 135. S. vonwicki, female, holotype. Figure 137. S. leptochirus, male and female, India, Meghalaya State, Nong Poh, FKCP. Figure 138. S. sherwoodae sp. n., male holotype. Figure 139. S. longimanus, male, India, Assam State, 50 km E of Tezpur, FKCP. Figure 140. S. longimanus, female, India, Maghalaya State, West Garo-Hills, FKCP. Figure 141. S. braunwalderi, male, holotype. Figure 142. S. phatoensis sp. n., male, holotype. Figure 143. S. tibetanus, male, topotype of S. pococki, FKCP. Figure 144. S. dastychi, male, paratype. Figure 145. S. yagmuri, male, holotype.Figure 146. S. margerisonae, male, holotype. Figure 147. S. margerisonae, male, China, 100 km S of Lhasa, FKCP. Figure 148. S. wrzecionkoi, female, holotype.

Figures 149–163: Whole hemispermatophores of 15 scorpiopids. Convex (external) aspect of hemispermatophores of: Scorpiops oligotrichus (149), S. citadelle (150), S. sherwoodae sp. n. (151), S. montanus (152), S. pakseensis sp. n. (153), S. leptochirus (154), S. phatoensis sp. n. (155), S. schumacheri (156), S. wongpromi (157), S. kautti sp. n. (158), S. birulai sp. n. (159), S. anthracinus (160), S. thaomischi (161), S. dii sp. n. (162) and S. problematicus (163). Specimen numbers indicated. Scale bars: 2 mm (149–154, 157–161, 163), 1 mm (155–156, 162).

Figures 170–185: Hemispermatophore capsules of 16 scorpiopids. Convex aspect of capsules of: Scorpiops oligotrichus (170), S. citadelle (171), S. sherwoodae sp. n. (172), S. montanus (173), S. pakseensis sp. n. (174), S. leptochirus (175), S. phatoensis sp. n. (176), S. schumacheri (177), S. wongpromi (178), S. kautti sp. n. (179), S. krabiensis sp. n. (180), S. birulai sp. n. (181), S. anthracinus (182), S. thaomischi (183), S. dii sp. n. (184) and S. problematicus (185). Specimen number of S. krabiensis 1829, of others as indicated in Figs. 149–163. Scale bars: 400 μm (170–175, 178–185), 200 μm (176–177).

Figures 359–362. Thailand, type localities of Scorpiops birulai sp. n. (359), S. kautti sp. n. (360), S. krabiensis sp. n. (361), and S. phatoensis sp. n. (362).

Figures 562–565: Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n. Figures 562–563. Male paratype in dorsal (562) and ventral (563) views. Figures 564–565. Female paratype in dorsal (564) and ventral (565) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 566–573: Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n. Figures 566, 571–573. Male holotype, telson lateral (566), and metasoma and telson lateral (571), ventral (572), and dorsal (573) views. Figures 567, 568–570. Female paratype, telson lateral (567), and metasoma and telson lateral (571), ventral (572), and dorsal (573) views. Scale bars: 10 mm (568–570, 571–573).

Figures 574–589: Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n., pedipalp segments. Figures 574–581. Female paratype, chela dorsal (574), external (575) and ventral (576) views. Patella dorsal (577), external (578) and ventral (579) views. Movable (580) and fixed (581) finger dentition.Trichobothrial pattern is indicated by white circles (574a–579a). Figures 582–589. Male holotype, chela dorsal (582), external (583) and ventral (584) views. Patella dorsal (585), external (586) and ventral (587) views. Trochanter and femur dorsal (588) and ventral (589) views.

Figures 590–596: Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n. Figures 590–591, 594–596. Male holotype, carapace and tergites I–III (590), coxosternal area and sternites (591), left legs II–IV, retrolateral aspect (594–596 respectively). Figures 592–593. Female paratype, carapace and tergites I–III (592), coxosternal area and sternites III–IV (593).

Figures 597–598. Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n., male holotype (597) and female paratype (598) in vivo habitus.

Figures 599–600. Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n., female paratype with newborns (599) and with juveniles after first ecdysis (600) in vivo habitus.

Figures 788–792: Comparison males of three similar species Scorpiops farkaci (788, 790), S. thailandus sp. n. (789, 791), and S. phatoensis sp. n. (792). Figures 788–789. Pedipalp chela internal views. Figures 790–792. Movable finger dentition under UV light.

Figures 808–815: Male karyotypes of scorpiopid species based on postpachytene. Figure 808. Scorpiops oligotrichus (2n=105, 51II+III). Figure 809. Scorpiops pakseensis sp. n. (2n=87, 42II+III). Figure 810. Scorpiops phatoensis sp. n. (2n=105, 51II+III). Figure 811. Scorpiops problematicus (2n=97, 47II+III). Figure 812. Scorpiops schumacheri sp. n. (2n=63, 60II+III). Figure 813. Scorpiops sherwoodae sp. n. (2n=104, 52II). Figure 814. Scorpiops thailandus sp. n. (2n=147, 72II+III). Figure 815. Scorpiops thaomischi (2n=94, 47II). Insets show the location of 18S rDNA (red signal) on the same chromosome as in the karyogram (ppach) and additionally on chromosomes during pachytene (pach) or metaphase II (met II). Abbreviation of postpachytene configuration: II – bivalent, III – trivalent. Scale bar: 10 μm.