Sedum formosanum N.E. Brown., subsp. formosanum

Ito, Takuro, Yu, Chih-Chieh, Yokota, Masatsugu & Kokubugata, Goro, 2020, Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense (Crassulaceae), a new subspecies from Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, PhytoKeys 148, pp. 51-70 : 51

Sedum formosanum N.E. Brown., subsp. formosanum Fig. 3E-G

≡ Sedum mariae Raym.-Hamet, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 143. 1910. Type: Japan. Insula Oshima (Liukiu): Jul 1900, Faurie, U. J. 3923 (holotype: G [G00356298]).

Type.

Taiwan. Keelung City, date unknown, C. Ford s.n. (lectotype, designated by Byalt, V. V.: K [K000838648]; isotype, designated by N. E. Br. 1885, pg. 134: GH [GH00042587]).

Description.

Usually biennial herb, fleshy, glabrous. First year stem stout, erect, partly woody, 1 or 2 trifurcate, 3-10 cm tall, with lax rosettes; rosettes 3-18 cm wide with 15-45 leaves. Flowering stems fleshy, 10-30 cm tall, base ca. 5 mm broad, usually reddish or yellowish green, erect or sprawling and creeping at base, 1- or 2-trifurcate at base. Roots fibrous, sometimes adventitious at the leaf scar. Leaves alternate, evenly arranged, sessile, green or yellowish, flattish, ± thick, spatulate to widely obovate, 1.2-3.2 cm long, 0.5-1.6 cm wide, apex rounded, base long, attenuate, margins entire. Inflorescences terminal, cymes, 1 or 2 trifurcate with 3 (rarely 4) primary axes; primary axis 2-7 cm long, ascending, 1 to several times irregularly and often unequally forking, with a flower at each fork, ultimate branches 1-2 cm long, 3-6 flowered; bracts leaf-like, smaller than cauline leaves. Flowers 5 (rarely 6)-merous, 8-12 mm wide, sessile. Sepals 5, free, yellowish green, fleshy, flattish, unequal in size, obovate to oblanceolate, 2-4 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide, apex round or obtuse, base spurred. Petals 5, bright yellow, lanceolate, 5-6 mm long, 1.3-1.6 mm wide, apex acuminate, base slightly connate. Stamens 10, shorter than petals, 4.8-5 mm long, erect at flowering, two-whorled arrangement; anthers oblong-lanceolate, ca. 0.5 mm long, deep yellow before dehiscence. Pistils 5, 5.5-6.5 mm long; carpels 5, free, connate at the base, gibbous ventrally. Fruits star-shaped, follicle, erect, 5.5-7 mm long. Flowering in April to June.

Distribution and habitat.

Japan: Kyushu, Kagoshima, Kumamoto; The Ryukyus, the Osumi Islands, Kami-Koshiki, Kuro-shima, Yaku-shima and Tanega-shima islands, the Tokara Islands, Akuseki, Gaja, Nakano-shima, Kodakara, Kuchino-shima, and Takara islands, the Amami Islands, Amami-oshima, Kakeroma, Kikai, Okierabu, Tokuno-shima, Uke, Yoro and Yoron islands, the Okinawa Islands, Aka, Geruma, Ie, Iheya, Izena, Kume, Okinawa, Sesoko, Tokashiki and Tonaki islands, the Yaeyama Islands, Ishigaki, Iriomote, Kuro-shima and Yonaguni islands. Taiwan: New Taipei, Keelung, Ilan, Hualien, Lienchiang, Taitung (Lanyu and Green Islands) and Pingtung. The Philippines: Batanes, Batan Island.

Coastal and rarely inland rocky slopes, xeric, saline, and exposed to direct sunlight.

Additional specimens examined.

Japan. Kyushu, Kagoshima: Ichikikushikino City, 30 June 1957, S. Hatusima 20967 (KAG), Minamisatsuma City, 23 May 1962, M. Furuse 325 (KAG), Minamisatsuma City, 9 Nov. 1984, S. Sako 8865 (KAG), Minamisatsuma City, 14 Nov. 1987, S. Hatusima 43027 (KAG), Ichikikushikino City, 26 June 2003, K. Maruno s.n. (KAG), Minamisatsuma City, 23 June 2013, G. Kokubugata, Y. Saito, T. Ito 16768 (TNS), Kimotsuki Country, Minamiosumi Town, 30 July 1949, S. Hatusima 13352 (KAG), Kimotsuki Country, Minamiosumi Town, 13 June 1957, S. Hatusima 20891 (KAG), Kimotsuki Country, Minamiosumi Town, 22 June 2013, G. Kokubugata & T. Ito 16764 (TNS), Kimotsuki Country, Sata Village, 26 Aug. 1910, Y. Nakano s.n. (TNS), Kimotsuki Country, Sata Village, 9 Aug. 1929, H. Asuyama s.n. (TNS), Kimotsuki Country, Sata Town, 28 Mar. 1958, S. Okuyama & H. Utsumi 17098 (TNS), Kumamoto: Amakusa Country, Reihoku Town, 13 Jan. 1956, R. Moran 5395 (TNS), The Ryukyus, the Osumi Islands, Kagoshima: Kami-Koshiki Island, Satsuma Country, Kamikoshiki Village, 26 Mar. 1930, K. Naohara s.n. (TNS), Kuro-shima Island, Kagoshima Country, Mishima Village, 12 June 1981, K. Maruno s.n. (KAG), Kagoshima Country, Mishima Village, 26 May 1994, T. Shiuchi 4900 (KAG), Tanega-shima Island, Nishinoomote City, 25 Feb. 2013, G. Kokubugata, M. Yokota, K. Kaburagi 15604 (TNS), The Ryukyus, the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima: Akuseki Island, Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 18 Oct. 1980, R. Yanagida s.n. (KAG), Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 9 Sep. 1983, Y. Hukushima s.n. (KAG), Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 15 Oct. 1993, T. Shiuchi 2800 (KAG), Gaja Island, Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 21 Aug. 1958, S. Sako & K. Kawanabe 2244 (KAG), Nakano-shima Island, Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 18 Aug. 1958, S. Sako & K. Kawanabe 1938 (KAG), Takara Island, Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 25 Aug. 1910, S. Kawagoe s.n. (TNS), Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 11 Feb. 1952, S. Hatusima s.n. (KAG), Kagoshima Country, Toshima Village, 14 May 1993, T. Shiuchi 1314 (KAG), The Ryukyus, the Amami Islands, Kagoshima: Amami-oshima Island, Amami City, 28 Apr. 2012, G. Kokubugata 16712 (TNS), Amami City, 26 Aug. 2014, G. Kokubugata & H. Umemoto 18178 (TNS), Amami City, 12 Jan. 2016, G. Kokubugata & M.Tabata 19011 (TNS), Naze City, 23 May 1975, J. Haginiwa JH006639 (TNS), Naze City, 23 May 1975, J. Haginiwa JH032447 (TNS), Naze City, 23 Nov. 1977, A. Yamamoto, T. Nakaike & M. Ishizuka 490 (TNS), Oshima Country, Setouchi Town, 18 July 1919, S. Kawagoe s.n. (KAG), Oshima Country, Setouchi Town, 6 Aug. 1956, S. Ouchiyama 49 (KAG), Oshima Country, Setouchi Town, 24-28 July 1975, Y. Miyagi & S. Hatusima 40407 (RYU), Oshima Country, Tatsugo Town, 27 Apr. 2012, G. Kokubugata 16722 (TNS), Kakeroma Island, Oshima Country, Setouchi Town, 11 Jan. 2016, G. Kokubugata, M. Tabata 18978 (TNS), Kikai Island, Oshima Country, Kikai Town, 17 May 1975, K. Yoshinaga 178 (KAG), Okierabu Island, Oshima Country, China Town, 4 June 1967, M. Furuse s.n. (KAG), Oshima Country, China Town, date unknown 1969, K. Kasuga s.n. (KAG), Oshima Country, China Town, 7 Nov. 1971, J. Haginiwa JH006572 (TNS), Tokuno-shima Island, Oshima Country, Amagi Town, 4 May 2014, G. Kokubugata & H. Umemoto 17613 (TNS), Oshima Country, Tokunoshima Town, 3 May 2014, G. Kokubugata & H. Umemoto 17556 (TNS), Uke Island, Oshima Country, Setouchi Town, 23 Mar. 2019, E. Suzuki s.n. (KAG), Yoro Island, Oshima Country, Setouchi Town, 22 May 2018, E. Suzuki s.n. (KAG), Oshima Country, Setouchi Town, 22 May 2018, E. Suzuki s.n. (KAG), Yoron Island, Oshima Country, Yoron Town, 21 Aug. 1921, K. Uyehara s.n. (KAG), Oshima Country, Yoron Town, 16 Aug. 1961, G. Ikeda s.n. (KAG), Oshima Country, Yoron Town, 16 Aug. 1961, G. Ikeda s.n. (KAG), Oshima Country, Yoron Town, 24 Dec. 1971, J. Haginiwa JH006509 (TNS), Oshima Country, Yoron Town, 24 Dec. 1971, J. Haginiwa JH006571 (TNS), The Ryukyus, the Okinawa Islands, Okinawa: Aka Island, Shimajiri Country, Zamami Village, 23-26 May 1974, Y. Miyagi & T. Kabashima 4865 (RYU), Geruma Island, Shimajiri Country, Zamami Village, 9-12 Aug. 1977, Y. Miyagi 7906 (RYU), Ie Island, Kunigami Country, Ie Village, 4-5 May. 1974, S. Hatusima & Y. Miyagi 37591 (RYU), Kunigami Country, Ie Village, 16 Sep. 2014, G. Kokubugata, M. Yokota et al. 18248 (TNS), Iheya Island, Shimajiri Country, Iheya Village, 25 Dec. 1958, Y. Niiro s. n. (RYU), Shimajiri Country, Iheya Village, 26 May 2008, G. Kokubugata 10726 (TNS), Izena Island, Shimajiri Country, Izena Village, 22 July 1973, S. Hatusima 34901 (RYU), Shimajiri Country, Izena Village, 1 June 2015, T. Yamada TYD263-1 (TNS), Kume Island, Shimajiri Country, Kumejima Town, 1 June 2010, G. Kokubugata, M. Yokota & K. Nakamura 12755 (TNS), Okinawa Island, Itoman City, Aug. 1966, Y. Miyagi 3636 (RYU), Itoman City, Aug. 1967, Y. Miyagi 5654 (RYU), Itoman City, 7 May 2001, G. Kokubugata & C.I. Peng 289 (TNS), Onna Village, 18 May 1980, Y. Miyagi 9080 (RYU), Kunigami Country, Kunigami Village, May 1974, S. Itoman 63 (RYU), Kunigami Country, Motobu Town, 3 May 1974, S. Hatusima & Y. Miyagi 37633 (RYU), Nakagami Country, Kitanakagusuku Village, 30 Apr. 1955, S. Hatusima 17462 (KAG), Nakagami Country, Kitanakagusuku Village, 30 Apr. 1955, S. Hatusima 17498 (KAG), Shimajiri Country, Miwa Village, 23 May 1954, S. Nakamine 68 (RYU), Shimajiri Country, Miwa Village, 23 May 1954, S. Nakamine 68 (TNS), Sesoko Island, Kunigami Country, Motobu Town, 19 Aug. 1974, Y. Miyagi 4202 (RYU), Tokashiki Island, Shimajiri Country, Tokashiki Village, 5 Mar. 1973, Y. Miyagi & S. Oyadomari 1152 (RYU), Tonaki Island, Shimajiri Country, Tonaki Village, 10 Mar. 1973, S. Hatusima 34404A (RYU), Shimajiri Country, Tonaki Village, 17 Dec. 2010, G. Kokubugata & M. Yokota 13049 (TNS), The Ryukyus, the Yaeyama Islands, Okinawa: Ishigaki Island, Ishigaki City, 27 Mar. 2009, G. Kokubugata, M. Yokota & K. Nakamura 11775 (TNS), Kuroshima Island, Yaeyama Country, Taketomi Town, 4 Nov. 1974, Y. Niiro & Y. Miyagi 6103 (RYU), Yonaguni Island, Yaeyama Country, Yonaguni Town, 26-30 Oct. 1959, S. Hatusima 24587 (KAG), Yaeyama Country, Yonaguni Town, 29 Sep. -3 Oct. 1973, S. Hatusima, Y. Miyagi & E. Tanaka s.n. (TNS), Yaeyama Country, Yonaguni Town, 1 Nov. 1988, R. Minagawa s.n. (TNS), Yaeyama Country, Yonaguni Town, 8 Dec. 2014, G. Kokubugata, M. Yokota et al. 18586 (TNS), Yaeyama Country, Yonaguni Town, 7 Dec. 2014, G. Kokubugata, M. Yokota et al. 18548 (TNS), Yaeyama Country, Yonaguni Town, 24 Nov. 2015, T. Yamada TYD371 (TNS), TAIWAN. Hualien: Hualien City, 13 Dec. 1993, T. C. Huang 15022 (TAI), Xiulin Township24 May 1993, S. F. Huang, K. C. Yang & J. M. Hu 5097 (TAI), Ilan: Su’ao Township, 18 Apr. 1987, S. F. Huang, C. F. Hsieh, Y. F. Lin et al. 3722 (TAI), Su’ao Township, 18 Apr. 1987, W. S. Tang 1795 (TAI), Su’ao Township, 21 May 1987, W. S. Tang 1803 (TAI), Su’ao Township, 18 Apr. 1987, W. S. Tang 1785 (TAI), Su’ao Township, 21 May 1987, W. S. Tang 1802 (TAI), Su’ao Township, 7 May 1993, S. F. Huang 5075 (TAI), Su’ao Township, 21 May 1987, W. S. Tang 1802 (TAI), Su’ao Township, 6 May 1993, S. F. Huang 5049 (TAI), Kueishan Island, Toucheng Township, 31 May 1970, C. C. Hsu 7237 (TAI), Toucheng Township, 3 July 1932, G. Masamune & S. Suzuki s. n. (TAI), Keelung: Keelung City, 11 Oct. 2004, S. W. Chung 7657 (TAIF), Keelung City, 7 June 2005, S. W. Chung 7774 (TAIF), Keelung City, 6 June 2005, P. F. Lu 9825 (TAIF), Keelung City, 23 May 2010, P. F. Lu 20381 (TAIF), Keelung City, 12 July 2011, P. F. Lu 22356 (TAIF), Keelung City, 22 July 1918, M. Eizi 907 (TAI), Keelung City, 4 June 1932, K. Mori s. n. (TAI), Keelung City, 31 May 1930, S. Sasaki 4687 (TAI), Keelung City, 26 May 1939, G. Masamune 1907 (TAI), Keelung City, 1 May 1937, H. Simada 1218 (TAI), Keelung City, 3 June 1978, C. M. Kou 9805 (TAI), Keelung City, 27 Apr. 1983, C. L. Chang 91 (TAI), Keelung City, 1 May 1937, H. Simada 1218 (TAI), Keelung City, date unknown, M. L. Weng 66 (TAI), Pengchia Island, Keelung City, 4 Aug. 1992, T. C. Huang 15753 (TAI), Lienchiang: Nangan Township, 29 June 1999, S. H. Su s. n. (TAI), New Taipei: New Taipei City, 30 Apr. 2005, P. F. Lu 9571 (TAIF), New Taipei City, 14 Aug. 2008, Y. F. Chang s. n. (TAIF), New Taipei City, 6 June 1987, W. S. Tang 1808 (TAI), New Taipei City, 6 June 1987, W.S. Tang 1808 (TAI), New Taipei City, 23 Apr. 1929, Y. Kudo, S. Suzuki & K. Mori 398 (TAI), New Taipei City, 23 Sep. 1931, T. Tanaka s. n. (TAI), New Taipei City, 3 May 1986, W. S. Tang 1757 (TAI), New Taipei City, 20 Apr. 1932, T. Tanaka & Y.Simada 10963 (TAI), New Taipei City, 20 Apr. 1932, T. Tanaka & Y.Simada s. n. (TAI), New Taipei City, 12 Apr. 1979, S. H. Lin 692 (TAI), New Taipei City, 12 Apr. 1979, C. M. Kuo 10939 (TAI), New Taipei City, 26 May 1985, J. C. Wang 3349 (TAI), New Taipei City, 12 Apr. 1979, H. N. Yang 2551 (TAI), New Taipei City, 27 May 1987, W. S. Tang 1806 (TAI), New Taipei City, 27 May 1987, W. S. Tang 1806 (TAI), New Taipei City, 20 Apr. 2002, S. F. Cheng, S. K. Yu s. n. (TAI), New Taipei City, 31 May 2001, Y. J. Lai, W. H. Wu et al. 745 (TAI), New Taipei City, 13 May 1988, S. F. Huang 4297 (TAI), New Taipei City, 7 June 1930, S. Sasaki 4744 (TAI), New Taipei City, 16 Apr. 1961, T. C. Huang 2280 (TAI), New Taipei City, 7 June 1989, W. S. Tang & C. F. Hsieh 1864 (TAI), New Taipei City, 30 May 1985, T. Y. Yang 2020 (TAI), Pingtung: Hengchun Township, June 1912, T. Kawakami & S. Sasaki s. n. (TAI), Taitung: Lanyu Island, Lanyu Township, 13 Jan. 1995, T.P. Pan, C-H. Horng et al. s. n. (TAIF), Lanyu Township, 19 Mar. 1943, T. Hosokawa 9896 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 17 Apr. 1992, S. F. Huang & Y.C. Hsu 4735 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 29 Apr. 1983, T.C. Huang, Yang, Kao et al. 9440 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 19 Feb. 1986, T.C. Huang, S. F. Huang, K.C. Yang et al. 10535 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 17 Aug. 1958, T. I. Chuang & C. C. Hsu 2384 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 18 Apr. 1932, T. Sata 1286 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 0 May 1924, S. Sasaki s. n. (TAI), Lanyu Township, 18 Apr. 1932, T. Sata s. n. (TAI), Lanyu Township, 2 Apr. 1985, S. F. Huang 2742 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 6 Apr. 1983, T. C. Huang et al. 9205 (TAI), Lanyu Township, 6 Apr. 1983, T. C. Huang et al. 9179 (TAI), Green Island, Lyudao Township, 4 Mar. 1931, T.Tanaka 10373 (TAI), THE PHILIPPINES. The Batan Islands, Batanes: Batan Island, 9 Nov. 1964, S. Hatusima & M. Sato 28624 (KAG).

Figures

Figure 3. Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense (A-D T. Ito 2402, 2408, Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyus, Japan) and S. formosanum subsp. formosanum (E Kume-jima Island of the Ryukyus, Japan. F, G NewTaipei City, Taiwan). A, B, E habit C, F flower D, G leaf. Scale bars: 1 mm (D-F).