Singaporemma halongense Lehtinen, 1981

Yan, Fanhu & Lin, Yucheng, 2018, A review of the spider genus Singaporemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae), with the description of a new species, Zootaxa 4392 (2), pp. 329-346 : 334

Singaporemma halongense Lehtinen, 1981

Figures 6A–a , 7B (cited from Lehtinen, 1980: fig. 58, slightly modified)

Singaporemma halongensis Lehtinen, 1981: 31 , figs 43, 49, 54, 58, 62. S. halongense Lin et al., 2017: 45 , figs 19A, 21A–D.

Examined material. Paratype 1♂ ( ZMUT), VIETNAM: Quang Ninh, Ha Long , in litter of brook valley, altitude 30 m, 11 October 1978, P.T. Lehtinen leg.

Diagnosis. Male of S. halongense differs from S. bifurcata and S. wulongensis by the unbranched embolic tip ( Fig. 6A, a vs. Fig. 6E–F, e–f ); from S. adjacens by the narrower embolus ( Fig. 6A, a vs. Fig. 6H, h ); from S. takensis sp. n. by the straight embolus except its distal tip ( Fig. 6A, a vs. Fig. 6G, g ); from S. banxiaoensis and S. singulare by the blunt embolic tip ( Fig. 6A, a vs. Fig. 6B–C, b–c ); from S. lenachanae by the more swollen palpal tibia and the blunt, lamellar embolic tip ( Fig. 6A, a vs. Fig. 6D, d ). Female of S. halongense differs from S. adjacens by the longer central process ( Fig. 7B vs. Fig. 7A ); from S. banxiaoensis , S. bifurcate , S. singular , S. takensis sp. n., and S. wulongensis by the absence of inner vulval plate, and/or the lack of anterior ventrolateral plate ( Fig. 7B vs. Figs 5C–D , 7C , 8A–B , 9A–B ).

Description. See Lehtinen, 1981: 31.

Distribution. Vietnam ( Fig. 10 ).

Figures

FIGURE 5. Singaporemma takensis sp. n. female paratype. A, opisthosoma, ventral; B, genital area, ventral; C, genital area (lactic acid-treated), ventral; D, vulva (lactic acid-treated), dorsal. Scale bars: 0.20 for A–B, 0.10 for C–D.

FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h.

FIGURE 7. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–C). A, S. adjacens B, S. halongense C, S. banxiaoensis (paratype); A–B, ventral (cited from Lehtinen, 1981, slightly modified); C, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10.

FIGURE 8. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. bifurcata (topotype); B, S. wulongensis (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10.

FIGURE 9. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. singulare (specimen from type locality); B, S. lenachanae (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10.

FIGURE 10. Distribution records of Singaporemma spp. in the world. White balloon—S. adjacens; Blue balloon—S. banxiaoensis; Red-black circle—S. bifurcata; Red round—S. halongense; Red triangle—S. lenachanae; Red balloon—S. singulare; Red-black concentric circle—S. takensis sp. n.; Yellow square—S. wulongensis.