Sinopoda longicymbialis, Grall & Jäger, 2020

Grall, Elena & Jäger, Peter, 2020, Forty-seven new species of Sinopoda from Asia with a considerable extension of the distribution range to the South and description of a new species group (Sparassidae: Heteropodinae), Zootaxa 4797 (1), pp. 1-101 : 41-44

Sinopoda longicymbialis spec. nov.

Figs 27 a–e, 60 a–d

Type material: Holotype: male ( SD 1140 ), THAILAND: Chiang Mai Province: Chiang Dao District, Tham Klaeb Yai , N19°34’33.7‘‘, E99°03’40.1‘‘, 570 m, inside limestone cave, dark zone, 23 July 2004, P. Schwendinger leg., field number TH-04/22 ( MHNG).

Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female with same data as for holotype except: 14 December 2002, P. Dankittipakul leg. ( MHNG) . 2 females ( SD 1297 ) with same data as for holotype except: N19°34’37.20’’, E99°3’40.87’’, 684 m, inside cave, by hand, 26 June 2014, P. Jäger & E. Grall leg. ( SMF) .

Additional material examined (1 male, 3 subadult males, 2 subadult female, 4 juvenile): 1 juvenile with same data as for paratypes ( MHNG) . THAILAND: Chiang Mai Province: 1 male, Chiang Dao, Tham Pha Daeng , 03 July 1985, B. Lebreton leg. ( RMNH) . 3 subadult males, 2 subadult females, 3 juveniles ( SD 1425 ) , 25 km NNE of Chiang Dao, Tham Klaeb Yai , N19°34’37.20’’, E99°3’40.87’’, 684 m, inside cave, by hand, 26 June 2014, P. Jäger & E. Grall leg. ( SMF) .

Etymology: The species name is a compound word and derived from the Latin word “longus” meaning “long” and the Latin word “cymbium”, referring to the elongated cymbium of the males; adjective.

Diagnosis: Males of S. longicymbialis spec. nov. are similar to those of S. deminutiva spec. nov. ( Figs. 9 a–c) and S. empat spec. nov. ( Figs. 11 a–c) in having an elongated cymbium. They can be distinguished from S. deminutiva spec. nov. by 1. all eight eyes well developed and with pigments (eyes reduced in size and only AME with pigments in S. deminutiva spec. nov.), 2. bigger body size reaching 17.50 (10.00 in S. deminutiva spec. nov.) 3. tip of embolic apophysis curved retrolaterally (curved prolaterally in S. deminutiva spec. nov.), 4. embolus tip with spike (without spike in S. deminutiva spec. nov.) and 5. vRTA tapering in retrolateral view (rounded in retrolateral view in S. deminutiva spec. nov.); from S. empat spec. nov. by 1. bigger body size reaching 17.50 and legs distinctly elongated (11.00 and legs not elongated in S. empat spec. nov.), 2. eight eyes with pigments (four eyes without pigments in S. empat spec. nov.), 3. embolus shorter than embolic apophysis and with spine at tip (embolus longer than embolic apophysis and tip without spine in S. empat spec. nov.), 4. conductor with distal part nearly as wide as proximal part in ventral view (conductor with distal part wider than proximal part in ventral view in S. empat spec. nov.), 5. embolic apophysis with distal part wider than embolus (distal part as wide as embolus in S. empat spec. nov.) and 6. RTA with vRTA slightly shorter than dRTA and with single tip in ventral view (vRTA nearly half the size of dRTA and distally bifurcated in ventral view in S. empat spec. nov.).

Females of S. longicymbialis spec. nov. are similar to those of S. cochlearia , S. tanikawai Jäger & Ono, 2000 and S. tham Jäger, 2012 in having long and curved glandular appendages. They can be distinguished from S. cochlearia by 1. smaller body size reaching 18.80 (24.10 in S. cochlearia ), 2. colouration with prosoma yellowish-brown and opisthosoma yellowish-grey (prosoma reddish-brown and opisthosoma dark brown with yellow spots in S. cochlearia ), 3. lobal septum wide and anteriorly with median indentation (narrow and anteriorly without median indentation in S. cochlearia ), 4. glandular appendages with proximal part wider than distal part (proximal part as wide as distal part in S. cochlearia ) and 5. posterior part of the spermathecae not spherical (spherical in S. cochlearia ); from S. tanikawai by 1. lobal septum wide and anteriorly with median indentation (narrow and anteriorly without median indentation in S. tanikawai ), 2. glandular appendages extending posteriorly in posterior half of internal duct system (extending only in anterior half of internal duct system in S. tanikawai ), 3. posterior part of spermathecae more narrow than glandular appendages (posterior part of spermathecae wider than glandular appendages in S. tanikawai ) and 4. fertilization ducts situated postero-laterally (situated postero-medially in S. tanikawai ); from S. tham by 1. lobal septum wide and anteriorly with median indentation (small and anteriorly without median indentation in S. tham ), 2. glandular appendages with distal part bent laterally (distal part bent latero-posteriorly in S. tham ), 3. posterior part of the spermathecae more narrow than glandular appendages (posterior part of spermathecea wider than glandular appendages in S. tham ) and 4. fertilization ducts situated postero-laterally (situated postero-medially in S. tham ).

Description: Male (holotype): Total length 17.50; prosoma 8.50 long, 8.00 wide, anterior width of prosoma 3.50; opisthosoma 9.00 long, 4.50 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.31; ALE 0.52; PME 0.34; PLE 0.50; AME– AME 0.19; AME–ALE 0.05; PME–PME 0.22; PME–PLE 0.39; AME–PME 0.46; ALE–PLE 0.43; clypeus AME 0.72; clypeus ALE 0.56. Leg formula: 2143. Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 16.80 (6.10, 2.30, 3.40, 5.00); I: 80.00 (19.80, 5.80, 23.50, 25.60, 5.30); II: 85.70 (21.20, 6.00, 24.50, 28.50, 5.50); III: 67.00 (17.50, 5.30, 19.00, 20.80, 4.40); IV: 71.60 (19.00, 4.80, 20.00, 22.90, 4.90). Spination: palp: 131, 101, 2111; legs: Fe I–II 323, III 333, IV 332; Pa I–III 101, IV 100; Ti I–IV 2326; Mt I–II 1014, III 2026, IV 3036. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior and 4 posterior teeth.

Colouration in ethanol: Prosoma yellowish-brown, medially with brown stripes, posterior part with light brown spots. Sternum yellow with brown margin. Opisthosoma dorsally greyish-yellow, medially, laterally and ventrally whitish-grey, median part with two brown spots, ventrally whitish-yellow. Chelicerae reddish-brown. Palps yellowish-brown. Legs yellowish-brown; Ti, Mt and Ta reddish-brown.

Palp as in diagnosis. Embolus curved, proximal part wide. Conductor arising from 1-o’clock-position, proximal part wide, distal part bent ventrally. Broad part of spermophore nearly straight in ventral view. dRTA slightly longer than vRTA, in retrolateral view slightly curved, pointing distally. vRTA in retrolateral view wide, distal part with small indentation, in ventral view proximal part wider than distal part.

Description: Female (paratype): Total length 18.80; prosoma 8.80 long, 7.50 wide, anterior width of prosoma 3.50; opisthosoma 10.00 long, 6.00 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.32; ALE 0.52; PME 0.38; PLE 0.56; AME–AME 0.25; AME–ALE 0.10; PME–PME 0.33; PME–PLE 0.53; AME–PME 0.50; ALE–PLE 0.54; clypeus AME 0.90; clypeus ALE 0.80. Leg formula: 2413. Measurements of palp and legs: palp: 16.30 (4.60, 2.40, 4.00, 5.30); I: 55.00 (15.00, 5.30, 16.20, 14.80, 3.70); II: 59.10 (16.50, 5.20, 17.50, 16.00, 3.90); III: 50.80 (14.50, 4.30, 15.00, 13.50, 3.50); IV: 55.70 (15.50, 4.20, 16.00, 16.00, 4.00). Spination: palp: 131, 101, 2121, 1014; legs: Fe I–II 323, III 333, IV 332; Pa I–III 101, IV 000; Ti I–III 2326, IV 2226; Mt I–II 1014, III 2024, IV 3036. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior and 4 posterior teeth.

Colouration in ethanol: Prosoma yellowish-brown, anterior part reddish-brown, medially with brown stripes, postero-medially with brown transversal stripe, posterior margin brown. Sternum yellowish-white with brown margin. Opisthosoma dorsally yellowish-white, medially with one grey and four brown spots, anteriorly grey spots, posteriorly with white spot, ventral part yellowish-white, laterally with brown stripes. Chelicerae reddish-brown. Palps and legs yellowish-brown.

Copulatory organ as in diagnosis. Epigynal field wider than long, without anterior bands or slit sensilla. Epigynal pockets running from latero-posterior to medio-anterior. Lateral lobes fused, posteriorly pointed and with median indentation. Fusion bubbles arranged medially at a longitudinal line on epigyne. Internal duct system wider than long. Spermathecae fused along median line. Posterior part of spermathecae wider than anterior part. Fertilization ducts long, curved and narrow.

Variation: Male (n=2): Total length 15.20–16.50; prosoma 7.70–8.00 long, 7.00–7.50 wide; opisthosoma 7.50–8.50 long, 4.40–4.80 wide. Measurements leg IV: total length 64.50–71.30, Fe 17.50–18.50, Pa 3.50–5.10, Ti 19.00–19.90, Mt 20.00–23.00, Ta 4.50–4.80. Spination: palp: Pa 112, Ti 2121; legs: Fe IV 331; Mt III 2024.

Female (n=2): Total length 21.30–22.50; prosoma 9.50–10.30 long, 8.00–9.00 wide, anterior width of prosoma 4.50; opisthosoma 11.80–12.20 long, 6.60–7.10 wide. Measurements leg I: total length 57.50–62.10, Fe 16.70, Pa 5.80–6.00, Ti 17.00–18.00, Mt 16.00–17.40, Ta 4.00. Spination: palp: Ti 2122; legs: Fe III 433, IV 331, Pa IV 100.

Distribution: Known only from the caves Tham Klaeb Yai and Tham Pha Daeng in Thailand.

Figures

FIGURES 9 a–c. Sinopoda deminutiva spec. nov., holotype male from Tham Mankhone. a–c left male palp (a prolateral, b ventral, c retrolateral).

FIGURES 11 a–c. Sinopoda empat spec. nov., holotype male from Gua Gereja Hujan. a–c left male palp (a prolateral, b ventral, c retrolateral).

FIGURES 27 a–e. Sinopoda longicymbialis spec. nov., holotype male and paratype female from Tham Klaeb Yai. a–c left male palp (a prolateral, b ventral, c retrolateral); d Epigyne, ventral; e Vulva, dorsal.