Sitotrogoides acanthopis ( Meyrick, 1932 ) Sohn & Ponomarenko & Sakamaki, 2019

Sohn, Jae-Cheon, Ponomarenko, Margarita G. & Sakamaki, Yositaka, 2019, A new genus of Pexicopiini (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) for “ Gelechia ” acanthopis Meyrick, 1932, with review of functional morphology of male genitalia in allied genera, Zootaxa 4638 (1), pp. 125-135 : 128-131

Sitotrogoides acanthopis ( Meyrick, 1932) comb. nov.

(Figs 1–4, 6–12)

Gelechia acanthopis Meyrick, 1932: 195 . Type locality: Teinesan [Hokkaido, Japan].

Gelechia acanthopis— Gaede, 1937: 144; Clarke, 1969: 107; Moriuti, 1982: 278.

“ Gelechia ” acanthopis— Sakamaki, 2013: 270.

Diagnosis. Sitotrogoides acanthopis is similar to Pexicopia malvella (Hübner, [1805]) in wing pattern, but differs from the latter by the presence of large, black discal spot on the forewing. The male genitalia of Sitotrogoides acanthopis are most similar to those of Sitotroga psacasta ( Meyrick, 1908) and S. pseudopsacasta Ponomarenko et Park, 2007 in having strong spines on the medial side of the valva along the ventral margin. Sitotrogoides acanthopis differs from them by the lack of a distal process on the sacculus, the presence of a well-developed caecum in the aedeagus, and an elongate saccus.

Re-description of external and genital morphology. Head (Figs 1, 2, 4).Vertex pale yellowish gray, intermixed with dark yellowish gray scales laterally and anteriorly; frons dark brown. Labial palpi with 1 st palpomere dark purplish brown, 1/6 as long as 2 nd palpomere; 2 nd palpomere dark purplish brown, as long as 3 rd palpomere; 3 rd palpomere pale grayish yellow, tinged with dark brown basally and at apical 1/4. Antenna 2/3 as long as forewing; scape pale grayish yellow, intermixed with dark brown scales; flagellum pale grayish yellow, sparsely intermixed with dark brown scales.

Thorax. Patagium, tegula and mesonotum pale grayish yellow, sparsely intermixed with dark grayish yellow and dark brown scales. Foreleg with coxa dark brown, intermixed with brownish white scales apically; femur dark purplish brown dorsally, yellowish gray ventrally; tibia and tarsomeres dark purplish brown, with brownish white apical ring. Midleg with coxa and femur dark purplish brown; tibia dark brown, with brownish white band at middle and apically; tarsomeres dark brown, with brownish white apical ring. Hindleg with coxa and femur dark purplish brown; tibia dark brown, with pale grayish yellow band at middle and apically; tarsomeres dark brown dorsally, pale grayish yellow ventrally, with brownish white apical ring. Forewing length 7.5–9.5 mm, brownish white, irrorated with dark brown, densely intermixed with dark purplish brown scales on apical 1/3; dark brown spot at middle of discal cell; dark brown dash at distal end of discal cell; fringe yellowish gray. Hindwing pale grayish yellow; fringe pale grayish yellow.

Abdomen. Two proximal terga pale grayish yellow; remaining terga dark brownish gray, tinged with pale brownish gray apically; sterna dark brown, each tinged with pale grayish yellow apically. Posterior margin of sterna viii emarginated ( Fig. 8 ).

Male genitalia ( Figs 6–7 , 10–12 ). Uncus long, sub-hexagonal, with zone of dense short setae laterodistally and sparsely long setae lateromedially. Tegumen widened basally, gradually narrowed apically, emarginated mediobasally, deeply hollowed on anterior margin, with widened anterolateral apodemes for two pairs of muscles, m 4 and m 22. Gnathos as long as uncus; gnathal arm about 1/2 length of medial plate; medial plate arrowhead-like, narrowly round apically. Valva broadened to a rounded apex, with relatively broad neck and almost right ventral corner distally; costa gradually tapered beyond 3/5, with linear zone of needle-like setae along distal half of ventral margin of valva; setaceous valvella present on medial side basally; sacculus semi-separated from cucullus, joined with vinculum into ankylosed sclerite (vinculum+ sacculus), which is V-shaped in ventral view; saccus narrow and long, about same length as aedeagus. Aedeagus nearly straight, with hook-like, dorsally-curved apex and narrow sclerotized lobe of anellus in apical half, nearly reaching apex; caecum narrow, long.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 9 ): Papillae anales elongate, subconical, setose. Apophysis posterioris 2.2× longer than apophysis anterioris. Ostium bursae surrounded by sclerotized band ventrally. Ductus bursae 3× longer than papillae anales; anterior 2/5 sclerotized, tapered anteriorly; posterior 3/5 narrow, slightly enlarged near corpus bursae. Ductus seminalis arising at posterior 1/6. Corpus bursae obovate; two signa in middle of bursae small, sclerotized, elliptically shaped, horizontally emarginated at middle, with subtriangular internal plate.

Type. Holotype: male, “Holo- | type” [round white label with red margins], “ Teneisan | Japan | SI. 17.9.18 ” [hand-writing], “ acanthopis Meyr. ” [hand-writing], “ Gelechia | acanthopis | 1/1 Meyr. | E. Meyrick det. | in Meyrick Coll.”, “Meyrick Coll. | B. M. 1928-290.”, “ ♂ genitalia on | slide 2.XI 1948 | J.F.G.C. 8275” [label with black mar- ginal lines], “ NHMUK010589027 ” [label with unique identifier barcode], NHMUK.

Material examined. 11♂, 1♀. Korea : 1♂, Jeonnam Prov., Haenam-gun, Mt. Duryunsan , 24 x 2003 ( MNU), [ GSN] SJC-973, MPNU ; 5♂, Jeonnam Prov., Muan-gun, Mt. Seungdalsan (34˚54'N, 126˚27'E, ele. 150 m), 30 x 2006 ( SW Choi, M Park, JS An, SK Kim), MPNU & NIBR ; 1♂, Jeonnam Prov., Muan-gun, Cheonggye-myeon, Dorim-ri (34˚54'54"N 126˚26'59", ele. 92 m), 10 vi 2008 (J Lee), MPNU ; 2♂, Jeonnam Prov., Muan-gun, Mongtanmyeon, Dalsan-ri (34˚54'56"N 126˚27'20"E, ele. 123 m), 20 x 2008 (J Lee & JS An), MPNU & NIBR ; 1♂, Jeonnam Prov., Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Mt. Jirisan (35˚18'12"N 127˚33'34", ele. 1318 m), 26 viii 2008 ( SW Choi), MPNU ; 1♂, Jeonnam Prov., Wando-gun, Gunoe-myeon, near Wando Arboretum , 5 xi 2015 (SS Kim), MPNU . Japan: 1♀, Oumeitei, Nasu-Town, Tochigi-Pref. Honshu , 1 ix 2007 Y. (Y Arita), KGU .

Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan.

Remarks. In the NHMUK’s card index and its computerized and updated version ( Beccaloni et al. 2003) and on the website “ Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms” ( Savela 2001), Gelechia acanthopis was assigned to Harpagidia Ragonot, 1895 . We consider this generic transfer invalid, since it has not been proposed in any formal publication.

Figures

FIGURES 6–9. Genitalia and abdominal segments of Sitotrogoides acanthopis (Meyrick, 1932). 6, male genitalia, ventral view; 7, aedeagus; 8, abdominal segment VI–VIII, terga in left, sterna in right; 9, female genitalia.

FIGURES 10–12. Musculoskeletal apparatus of male genitalia in Sitotrogoides acanthopis (Meyrick, 1932). 10, lateral view; 11, uncus, tegumen, valva, position of muscles m 1, m 2 and m 4, medial view; 12, phallic muscles, ventral view, valvae removed partly. Arrows and numbers in circles indicate diagnostic characters of the tribe Pexicopiini (see the main text). Abbreviations: m 1, m 2, m 4, m 5a, m 5b, m 6, m 21, m 22 —muscles; aed—aedeagus, b.vlv—base of valva, c—caecum, gn—gnathos, vlv—valva, vlvl —valvella, vnc—vinculum, sacc—saccus, scl—sacculus, tg—tegumen, un—uncus.