Stoebe cyathuloides Schlechter (1900: 201)

Koekemoer, Marinda, 2016, A monograph of Stoebe and Seriphium (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) in southern Africa and neighbouring islands, Phytotaxa 242 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

4. Stoebe cyathuloides Schlechter (1900: 201) . Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. Rietfontein-Poort , in ditione Bredasdorp, Schlechter 9676 (NBG!, lectotype, designated here; K!; P!, 2 sheets, S!, G!, E!, WAG!, BOL!, isolectotypes).

= Stoebe sphaerocephala Schlechter (1900: 202) , syn. nov. Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. In dunis pone Vogelgat appellatam, ad ostium fluminis Klein Rivier, in ditone Caledon alt. c. 50 ped, 30 Nov. 1896, Schlechter 9523 (PRE!, lectotype, designated here; K!, S!, G!, P!, E!, BOL!, isolectotypes).

= Stoebe humilis Levyns (1937: 23) , syn. nov. Type :— SOUTH AFRICA. Caledon , Palmiet River Mouth , Levyns 5369 (BOL!, holotype; BOL!, NBG!, K!, S!, isotypes).

Erect or procumbent, very variable woody shrub; young shrubs in open veld are usually dense and compact, but in competition with larger shrubs, become straggly, 0.2–0.8 m tall. Branches sturdy and spreading, becoming longer and more flexible with age. Leaves very variable, often dimorphic with broad, flat leaves below the synflorescence and with ericoid, filiform leaves lower down; variable in size, 5–15 × 1–4 mm; linear, oblong or flat, slightly or

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KOEKEMOER very tightly involute, spirally twisted or inwardly curled; generally widely spaced and spreading horizontally, sometimes reflexed; tips mucronate; adaxial surface woolly in the centre, leaving the margins clear; abaxial surface glabrous or more often with an arachnoid-hairy layer, which very often teases out along the margins to create the impression of a ciliate margin, midrib distinguishable. Synflorescences terminal, of numerous capitula in dense heads, up to 25 mm in diam., usually interspersed with subtending leaves that support clusters of capitula. Capitula homogamous, discoid, 1-flowered. Receptacle of short stalks on a swollen globose base. Involucral bracts 8–10, the outer shorter with a knob-like leafy upper half, usually tomentose, innermost bracts about as long as the florets, acute. Florets bisexual, white, light or bright dark pink; tubular, widening towards the corolla lobes; lobes 0.8–2.5 mm long, spreading, oblong, usually less than half the length of the corolla tube. Stamens 5, apical appendages lanceolate, basally tailed. Style bifid, swollen at the base. Nectaries present. Cypselas covered in long, antrorse hairs; hairs straight or with curved tips, appearing somewhat untidy; tips tapered or blunt. Pappus setae 12–14(–18); rigid, well developed with a broad, flattened, shaft, plumose almost from the base; plumes splitting off at regular, alternating, intervals, about one tenth the length of the setae, tips acuminate; basally fused in a ring, occasionally to about one fifth the length; about as long as the corolla tube, just reaching the base of the lobes. Flowering November to January, occasionally in September, October, February and March.

Distribution: — Western Cape, from the Cape Peninsula to Albertinia, south of the Langeberg mountain range. Figure 22 .

Ecology: —Flat as well as mountainous coastal areas at elevations below 500 m.

STOEBE AND SERIPHIUM ( GNAPHALIEAE )

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Conservation status: —Least Concern.

Notes: —A fairly broad species concept, which includes St. humilis , is applied to this taxon here. Stoebe humilis was described from specimens that regenerated from the underground rootstock after a fire, and thus differed in appearance from more typical forms of St. cyathuloides . Taken as they are, these specimens may look like taxonomically distinct, but when the whole of the wide range of the variation displayed by St. cyathuloides is observed, their narrow leaves appear to represent one end of the extreme, whereas specimens like Bolus 8552, with wide robust leaves, represent the opposite extreme.

Additional specimens examined:— SOUTH AFRICA, Western Cape. French Hoek (3319CC), 11 February 1897, Schlechter 10263 (E, G, K, S); Worcester div., Bosjesveld Mts., Villiersdorp side (3319CD), February 1940, Stokoe SAM58113 (SAM); Riversdale, Garcias Pass (3321CC), February 1904, Marloth 3563 (PRE); Langeberg above Herbertsdale (3321DD), 1 September 1913, Muir 1837 (PRE); Cape Peninsula, Vlei above Smitswinkel (3418AB), 15 January 1946, Compton 17926 (BOL, NBG); Cape Peninsula, Smitswinkel (3418AB), 15 January 1946, Compton 17929 (NBG); Cape Peninsula, Sirkelsvlei (3418AB), 8 February 1947, Compton 19370 (NBG); Cape Town, slopes of Bonteberg (3418AB), 19 January 1936, Levyns 5424 (NBG, PRE); Boonberg, coast SW of Simonsbay (3418AB), February 1926, Pillans 4918 (BOL); Cape Peninsula, Red Hill (3418AB), 4 January 1933, Salter 2928 (BOL, K); Cape Peninsula, at Olifants Bosch F. (3418AD), 23 January 1934, Galpin 2732 (12732 in K) (K, PRE); Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve , rd. to Olifantsbosbaai (3418AD), 14 January 1996, Koekemoer 1150 (PRE); Olifants Bosch, Cape Peninsula (3418AD), 13 January 1935, Levyns 4933 (BOL); Near Hester’s dam (3418AD), 10 January 1932, Levyns s.n. (BOL); Cape Peninsula, near Hesters Dam (3418AD), 10 January 1932, Levyns SAM51345 (SAM); Cape Peninsula near Buffels Bay (3418AD), 6 January 1933, Salter 2934 (BOL, K); Cape Peninsula, Smitswinkel (3418AD), 16 January 1936, Salter 5757 (BOL); Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve , on Gifkommetjie road at turnoff to Groendam (3418AD), 13 January 1966, Taylor 6660 (K, NBG, PRE); Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve , Klein Blouberg (3418AD), 18 January 1966, Taylor 6681 (NBG, PRE); Simonstown, Elephant Rock Estates, flats W of Palmiet River Mouth (3418BD), 8 January 1972, Boucher 1770 (NBG, PRE); Caledon, Rooi Els (3418BD), 18 January 1952, Compton 23246 (NBG); Caledon, Hangklip (3418BD), 26 January 1936, Compton 6070 (NBG); Near coast at Palmiet River Mouth (3418BD), 23 January 1946, Esterhuysen 12590 (BOL, PRE); Cape Hangklip ( False Bay ) (3418BD), 31 December 1976, Lavranos 15174 (E, PRE); Palmiet River Mouth (3418BD), 16 February 1936, Levyns 5338 (BOL); Caledon, mountain slopes, Palmiet River Mouth (3418BD), 17 February 1936, Levyns 5369 (BOL, K, NBG, S); Pringle Bay (3418BD), 23 December 1982, O'Callaghan 494 (NBG); Caledon div., Bettys Bay (3418BD), 11 December 1972, Rycroft 3148 (NBG); Caledon div., Platteberg & Paardeberg near Palmiet River mouth (3418BD), December 1943, Stokoe 9068 (BOL); Caledon div., Palmiet River (3418BD), January 1946, Stokoe SAM 51825 (PRE); Caledon div., Palmiet River (3418BD), January 1944, Stokoe SAM58125 (SAM); Caledon, Paardeberg Mountains (3418BD), March 1949, Stokoe SAM63071 (SAM); Paardeberg, Caledon dist. , fynbos of the undulating hills surrounding the Co-operative Pasture Experiment on the farm Paardeberg near Papiesvlei , 8.1 miles E of Stanford (3418BD), 9 November 1962, Taylor 4296 (K, NBG, PRE); In montibus prope Grabouw, Palmiet River (3419AA), December 1877, Bolus 4145 (BOL); Caledon, Aries Kraal (3419AA), 30 December 1944, Compton 16836 (NBG); In saxosis, Houwhoek (3419AA), 15 October 1894, Schlechter 5506 (BOL, E, G, K, PRE); Kleinmond, dorps-erwe (3419AC), 22 January 1947, De Vos 429 (NBG); Kleinmond, dorps-erwe (3419AC), 30 December 1947, De Vos 783 (NBG, PRE); Kleinmond Nat. Res. (3419AC), 23 March 1996, Koekemoer 1259 (PRE); Kleinmond, near mouth of Palmiet River (3419AC), 13 March 1991, Koekemoer 628 (PRE); Caledon div., Palmiet River Mts. , Oudenbosch (3419AC), December 1952, Stokoe SAM65922 (PRE, SAM); Somerset West, Kleinmond mountain slopes (3419AC), 20 December 1956, Strey 2945 (K, PRE); Caledon, Bot River , Honingklip (3419AC), 11 September 1953, Taylor 4086 (NBG); Hermanus, Belladonna St. , Sandbaai (3419AC), 12 January 1978, Walters 1805 (NBG); Common on flats Mossel River , Hermanus (3419AD), January 1920, Guthrie s.n. (BOL); Hermanus, Fernkloof Nature Reserve Flower Show (3419AD), 12 December 1980, Karis s.n. (S); In dunis pone Vogelgat (3419AD), 30 November 1896, Schlechter 3569 [Austro Africanae nr. 9523] (Schl. 9523 in K & G) (BOL, E, G, K, PRE, P, S); Vogelgat (3419AD), 30 November 1896, Schlechter 5569 (PRE); Caledon dist. , 2 miles W by N of Papiesvlei P.O. (3419BC), 9 November 1962, Acocks 22954 (PRE, K); 23 km W of Stanford on rd. to Elim near Papiesvlei (3419BC), 27 November 1995, Koekemoer 1126 (PRE); Caledon, at base of Pringle Peak (3419BD), 5 December 1960, Esterhuysen 28685 (BOL); Pringle Bay , Caledon (3419BD), 5 February 1958, Levyns 10846 (BOL); Hangklip Estates, near turnoff to Pringle Bay (3419BD), 8 February 1963, Levyns 11420 (BOL); Near

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KOEKEMOER

Baardscheerdersbosch (3419DA), 10 October 1951, Levyns 9765 (BOL); In collibus pope Elim (3419DB), October 1894, Bolus 6911 (BOL, NBG, PRE); In arenosis prope Elim (3419DB), December 1896, Bolus 8552 (BOL, K); Bredasdorp, farm Springfield, below Soetanysberg, NE aspect (3419DB), 5 October 1982, Cowling 1770 (NBG); Bredasdorp, Brandfontein (3419DB), 15 October 1986, Esterhuysen 36353 (BOL); Brandfontein (3419DB), 18 November 1986, Esterhuysen 36419 (BOL, PRE); Bredasdorp, Rietfontein Poort (3419DB), 10 December 1896, Schlechter 1501 (PRE); In collibus pone Rietfontein Poort (3419DB), 10 December 1896, Schlechter 9676 (BOL, E, G, K, NBG, P, S, WAG); Bredasdorp, Brandfontein, middle of S slope of Zoetanysberg near Wolwekloof (3419DB), 16 November 1927, Smith 5023 (sheet I & II) (PRE); Bredasdorp, Brandfontein (3419DB), 17 November 1927, Smith 5092 (PRE); Brandfontein at S side of Soetanysberg (3419DD), 16 December 1981, Burgers 2856 (PRE); Sandy flats below Soetanysberg (3419DD), 27 November 1995, Koekemoer 1124 (PRE); Bredasdorp, Rietfontein, off side of Brandfontein road (3419DD), 17 November 1927, Smith 5053 (PRE); De Hoop, Oulande (3420AD), 17 October 1984, Fellingham 819 (NBG); Bredasdorp. Hamerkop on S side of Potberg (3420BC), 12 November 1962, Acocks 23000 (PRE); De Hoop, Hamerkop (3420BC), 16 October 1984, CM van Wyk 2006 (NBG, PRE); Bredasdorp, Potteberg, limestone hills (3420BC), 13 November 1954, Maguire 2612 (BOL, NBG); Potberg, Elandspad farm 2 km south of Koenskraal (3420BD), 26 November 1978, Burgers 1511 (NBG, PRE); Swellendam dist.: ‘Frans Rietfontein’ near Cape Infanta (3420BD), 25 November 1961, Esterhuysen 29359 (BOL, S); 72 km from Swellendam. Close to Infanta. (3420BD), 28 November 1995, Koekemoer 1132 (PRE); Bredasdorp, Rondekop above Melkhoutkraal (3420BD), 22 March 1975, Oliver 5781 (NBG); Riversdale, between Albertinia and Riversdale (3421AB), 24 November 1950, Barker 6849 (NBG); Riversdale, between Albertinia and Riversdale (3421AB), 7 December 1951, Compton 23174 (NBG); Stilbaai, op hoë plato by Windberg (3421AD), 18 October 1983, Bohnen 8378 (NBG); South of Riversdale, near Windberg (3421AD), 30 November 1995, Koekemoer 1138 (PRE); Riversdale, Albertinia (3421BA), 21 October 1953, Barker 8218 (NBG); Albertinia, national rd. near Albertinia (3421BA), 7 December 1951, Esterhuysen 19510 (BOL, UPS); 5 km from Albertinia on rd. to Ystervarkfontein, 1 km from Kleinfontein turnoff (3421BA), 5 December 1986, Germishuizen 4248 (PRE); Riversdale div., Albertinia (3421BA), 21 October 1953, Lewis SAM65923 (NBG, SAM); Riversdale, Albertinia (3421BA), Taylor 4344 (NBG); Albertinia, about 6 km along road to Still Bay (3421BA), 7 December 1986, Vlok 1738 (NBG, PRE); Albertinia, Ystervarkfontein (3421BC), 27 November 1967, Bayliss 4072 (NBG); Mossel River, January 1913, Geo Potts 1620 (BLFU); Riversdale div., Tygersfontein, November 1913, Muir 1259 (BOL, PRE); CBS, Thom 778 (K); Kogelberg For. Res., 21 January 1964, Wild 6301a (BOL).

Figures

FIGURE 22:—Known distribution of Stoebe cyathuloides in South Africa.