Systasidae new status, 1924

Burks, Roger, Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan, Fusu, Lucian, Heraty, John M., Jansta, Petr, Heydon, Steve, Papilloud, Natalie Dale-Skey, Peters, Ralph S., Tselikh, Ekaterina V., Woolley, James B., van Noort, Simon, Baur, Hannes, Cruaud, Astrid, Darling, Christopher, Haas, Michael, Hanson, Paul, Krogmann, Lars & Rasplus, Jean-Yves, 2022, From hell's heart I stab at thee! A determined approach towards a monophyletic Pteromalidae and reclassification of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94, pp. 13-88 : 13

Systasidae new status

Systasini Bouček, 1988, new status. Type genus: Systasis Walker, 1834.

Trisecodinae new subfamily. Type genus: Trisecodes Delvare & LaSalle, 2000.

Diagnosis.

Antenna with 7 or 11 flagellomeres, including 1 or more anellus and a small 4th clavomere. Eyes not ventrally divergent. Clypeus without transverse subapical groove. Labrum exposed, well-sclerotized (Fig. 56a ). Subforaminal bridge with postgena separated by lower tentorial bridge. Notauli complete. Mesoscutellum with short frenum indicated at least laterally, with axillular sulcus. Mesopleural area without an expanded acropleuron; mesepimeron not extending over anterior margin of metapleuron; mesofurcal pit on mesotrochantinal plate directly between the mesocoxal insertions (Fig. 57 ). Protibial spur curved; basitarsal comb oblique; all legs with either 5 ( Systasinae ) or 3 ( Trisecodinae ) tarsomeres. Metasoma with syntergum, therefore without epipygium.

Discussion.

Systasinae are most likely to be confused with Pirenidae and Pteromalidae , which differ in having a flexible labrum that is concealed behind the protruding clypeus, whereas the clypeus in Systasinae recedes medially to expose the sclerotized labrum; they also have a longitudinal basitarsal comb, whereas it is oblique in Systasinae . The position of the mesofurcal pit in Systasidae is very unusual, although a leg may need to be removed to see it. Trisecodinae can be confused with Trichogrammatidae based on the 3-segmented tarsi, the head sulci, and the setal lines on the fore wing, and with some Eulophidae , based on the reduced number of flagellomeres, the head sulci, the setal lines on the fore wing, and the very short postmarginal and stigmal veins. From the former, Trisecodinae differ in the longer flagellum, the narrowly attached gaster with phragma restricted to mesosoma, the different pattern of head sulci, and the shape of the fore tibial spur. From the latter, although Trisecodes was preliminary placed in Entedoninae (Delvare & LaSalle, 2000), Trisecodinae differ in various features that do not fit with any current eulophid subfamily. While Trisecodes is easy to distinguish from other Systasidae due to the difference in tarsomere count, it is retained in this family to indicate the phylogenetic context provided by both the molecular and morphological data.

Figures

Figures 55 - 60. 55 Erotolepsia sp. (Spalangiidae, Erotolepsiinae): mesosoma and base of metasoma dorsal view 56 a, 57 Systasis sp. (Systasidae) 56 a apex of clypeus without subapical groove 57 mesosoma ventral, mesotrochantinal plate and mesofurcal pit 58 Trisecodes africanum Gumovsky (Pirenidae, Trisecodinae): antenna 56 b, 59 Asaphes sp. (Asaphesinae, incertae sedis) 56 b clypeal subapical groove 59 mesosoma ventral 60 Austrosystasis atricorpus Girault (Austrosystasinae, incertae sedis) 60 head frontal view, mesosoma lateral view.