Telemiades avitus ( Stoll, 1781 )

Siewert, Ricardo Russo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Telemiades Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae), with descriptions of fourteen new species, Zootaxa 4721 (1), pp. 1-111 : 21-22

Telemiades avitus ( Stoll, 1781)

( Figs 24, 25 , 148 , 207 )

Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781 , in Cramer. Uitland. Kap. 4, p. 123, pl. 354, figs D, E (male, female d); Suriname; van der Meulen collection.—Stoll, 1782, in Cramer. Uitland. Kap. 4, Essai, p. 15.—Jung, 1791. Alphab. Verz. 1, p. 66.

Telemiades avitus ; Hübner, [1819]. Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 106.—Herrich–Schäffer, 1869. Corr.–Blatt zool.–min. Ver. Regensburg 23: 188, 189.—Herrich–Schäffer, 1870. Corr.–Blatt zool.–min. Ver. Regensburg 24: 156.— Butler, 1870. Ent. monthly Mag. 7: 57.— Kirby, 1871. Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep., p. 575.— Mabille, 1878. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 21: 27.—Plötz, 1879. Stett. ent. Ztg. 40: 179.— Plötz, 1882. Berl. ent. Ztschr. 26: 73.— Watson, 1893. Proc. zool. Soc. London, p. 27.— Godman & Salvin, 1893. Biol. Centr.–Amer., Lep.–Rhop. 2, p. 317; 3, pl. 78, fig. 16 (male gen.).— Mabille, 1903, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 17, p. 28.— Mabille & Boullet, 1912. Ann. Sc. nat., Zool., Paris, (9)16: 115, 121.— Draudt, 1922, in Seitz. Gross–Schmett. Erde 5, p. 869, pl. 168f (d).—Lindsey, 1925. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 18: 103.— Shepard, 1931. Lep. Cat. 47, p. 76.—Williams & Bell, 1931. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 57: 255.—Shepard, 1936. Lep. Cat. 74, p. 616.— Evans, 1953. Cat.Amer. Hesp. 3, p. 29, pl. 27 (male gen.); syn.: lurideolus, lamus, xantho .—Lewis, 1973. Butt. World, p. 87, fig. 25 (d), p. 249.—Lewis, 1975. Marip. Mundo, p. 87, fig. 25 (d), p. 249.—Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1, p. 13, 63, 68, 127; 2, p. 36; syn.: lamus, lurideolus, xantho .—de Jong, 1983. Tijd. Ent. 126: 241.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1, p. 21, 99, 108, 201; 2, p. 59; syn.: lamus, lurideolus, xantho .—Lamas, 1994, in Foster et al. RAP Working Papers 6: 174.— Vargas, 2003. Bol. cient. mus. hist. nat., Manizales, 7: 203.— Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 56, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea–Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A; syn.: lurideolus, lamus, xantho .— Vargas & Henao, 2004. Bol. cient. mus. hist. nat., Manizales, 8: 349.— Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 3, p. 743; syn.: lurideolus, lamus, xantho .

Hesperia avitus ; Latreille, [1824], in Latreille & Godart. Enc. Méth. 9, p. 750.— Verloren, 1837. Cat. Syst. Cramer, p. 131, 220.

Goniloba avitus ; Westwood, 1852, in Doubleday. Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2, p. 513.—Lucas, 1857, in Sagra. Hist. phys. pol. nat. l’Ile Cuba 7, p. 637.

Eudamus avitus ; C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862. Wien. ent. Monatschr. 6: 181; syn.: amphion .— Kirby, 1879. Cat. Coll. Diurn. Lep. Hewitson, p. 214.

Telemiades lurideolus Mabille, 1877 . Pet. Nouv. Ent. 2, p. 165; Brazil; Mabille collection.— Mabille & Boullet, 1912. Ann. Sc. nat., Zool., Paris, (9)16: 113, 121.— Draudt, 1922, in Seitz. Gross–Schmett. Erde 5, p. 868.— Shepard, 1931. Lep. Cat. 47, p. 78.

(no genus) avitus ; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 90.

(no genus) lurideolus ; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 188.

Type material. Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781 was described and illustrated based on an unspecified number of specimens from Suriname deposited in the van der Meulen collection. In the same study, Stoll (1781) interpretated the specimen from figure E as the female of P. avitus . Later, Hübner [1819] described Telemiades and designated P. avitus as the type species of the genus. Besides, Hübner [1819] interpretated the female of T. avitus figured by Stoll (1781) as a distinct species, describing it as T. epicalus . The syntypes of Telemiades epicalus are deposited at NBC. In contrast, no specimens that could correspond to P. avitus , as identified by Evans (1953), were found in this museum. Thus, a male neotype of Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781 is hereby designated in order to stabilize the identity of this species. The neotype has the same morphological characters than the male figured by Stoll (1781, pl. 354, fig. D), was collected near the same type locality ( Suriname) and is deposited at DZUP with the following labels: / Neotypus / II.1968 Obidos, Pará [ Brasil] Kesselring leg/ DZ 26.211/ Neotypus Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781 Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande det. 2019/.

Telemiades lurideolus Mabille, 1877 , was described based on an unspecified specimens from ‘Brasilia’. One male syntype was found at NHMUK with the same characteristics published in the original description, and illustrated on Butterflies of America ( Warren et al. 2018) with the following labels: / Type/ Colombia / T. lurideolus Type Mab/ Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit. Mus. 1927–3./ BMNH(E) 1236493/. In order to stabilize the identity of this species, this male specimen is hereby designated lectotype of Telemiades lurideolus Mabille, 1877 and the following labels will be attached: / Lectotypus / Lectotypus Telemiades lurideolus Mabille, 1877 Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande det. 2019/. These labels will be sent to the curator for the collection.

Diagnosis. FW length: males 16–17 mm (n=3). Telemiades avitus is distinguished from the remaining species of “ avitus group” by the following characters: tegumen with apophysis slightly curved inwards and saccus with anterior margin dorsally curved.

Variation. The distal margin of hyaline spots of discal area in FW could be truncated or triangular in some specimens.

Distribution. Telemiades avitus occurs in forested areas in the Amazonia, with records in Peru, Brazil (Acre, Amazonas, Pará, and Rondônia states), Suriname, Venezuela and French Guiana.

Taxonomic discussion. Hübner ([1819]) described the genus Telemiades and designated Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781 as the type species. In the same publication, Hübner considered the specimen that Stoll (1781) had previously illustrated as the female of P. avitus as a distinct species, which he described as Telemiades epicalus . After the description of T. avitus , the species was transferred to Hesperia Fabricius, 1793 ( Latreille [1824]), Goniloba Westwood, [1852] ( Westwood 1852) and then to Eudamus Swainson, 1831 (C. Felder & R. Felder 1862). Kirby (1871) transferred it back to Telemiades and later to Eudamus ( Kirby 1879) . Plötz (1882) returned the species to Telemiades . Telemiades lurideolus Mabille, 1877 was described from an unknown number of specimens from ‘Brasilia’. Subsequently, Mabille & Boullet (1912) indicated ‘ Amazone sup.’ as its distribution range. Evans (1953) considered this species as synonymous with T. avitus . After examining type material of T. lurideolus deposited in the NHMUK the synonym with T. avitus has been corroborated.

Examined material. No data, 2 males, NHMUK 010242359 , NHMUK 010242365 ( NHMUK) ; 1 female ( ZMHU) ; 1 male ( ZMHU) ; 1 male, 5032 ( ZMHU) ; 1 male, ex–coll. Weymer ( ZMHU) .

PERU: Loreto— Pebas , 1 male ( ZMHU) . Rio Sucussari , Explornapo–Aceer, 140 m, 8–IX–1995, 1 female, R. Robbins leg. ( MHNL) . Madre de Díos— Reserva Tambopata, Boca do Rio La Torre, 300 m, 1–VI–1992, 1 male, G. Lamas leg. ( MHNL) ;

VENEZUELA: Carabobo— Puerto Cabello , 1 male, Hahnel leg. ( ZMHU) .

SURINAME: no specific locality, 1 male ( ZMHU) .

FRENCH GUIANA: Caiena, 1 female, Sahike leg. ( ZMHU) .

BRAZIL: Acre— Bujari , 200 m, 10–12–IX–2004, 1 male, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 26.205* ( DZUP). Amazonas— sem localidade específica, 1 male, NHMUK 010242171 ( NHMUK); 1 male, Saunders leg., NHMUK 010242362 (NHMUK); Maués, Rio Preto, 15–30–XI–2007, 1 male, OM 69.460* (DZUP–OM); Rio Tapajos, 1 male, H. W. Bates leg., NHMUK 010242366 (NHMUK); Tefé, 1 male, ex coll. Staudinger, NHMUK 010242367 (NHMUK). Pará— no specific locality, 1 male, ex–coll. Weymer (ZMHU); 1 male, Saunders leg., NHMUK 010242361 (NHMUK); Óbidos, VI–1923, 1 male, B. Pohl leg. (MZUSP); Santarém, 1 male and 1 female, H. H. Smith leg., NHMUK 010242364, NHMUK 010242358 (NHMUK); 1 male, H. W. Bates leg., NHMUK 010242360 (NHMUK); Alter do Chão, 2 males, H. W. Bates leg., NHMUK 010242357, NHMUK 010242369 (NHMUK); Itaituba, 1 male, ex–coll. Staudinger (ZSM); 1 male, Michael leg. (ZMHU); Itaituba a Obidos, I–IV–06, 1 male, W. Hoffmans leg., NHMUK 010242368 (NHMUK). Rondônia— Cacaulândia, 8–19–XI–1994, 1 male, Mielke leg., OM 39.036* (DZUP–OM).

Figures

FIGURE 207. Geographical distribution of Telemiades from the “avitus group”.

FIGURES 24–33. Species of Telemiades from the ‘avitus group’, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. 24–25. Telemiades avitus (Stoll, 1781), neotype male from Óbidos, Pará, Brazil (DZ 26.211—DZUP). 26–29. Telemiades xantho Hayward, 1939, stat. rev. 26–27. Male from Guaratuba, Paraná, Brazil (OM 51.782—OM). 28–29. Female from Morretes, Paraná, Brazil (OM 53.367—OM). 30–33. Telemiades austini Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. 30–31. Holotype male from Puerto Viejo, Sarapiqui, Costa Rica (OM 40.251—DZUP). 32–33. Allotype female from Cocoli, Panama (DZ 26.097—DZUP).

FIGURES 148–150. Male genitalia of Telemiades from the “avitus group”. 148. Telemiades avitus (Stoll, 1781) (OM 39.036— OM). 149. Telemiades xantho Hayward, 1939, stat. rev. (DZ 26.217—DZUP). 150. Telemiades austini Siewert, Mielke & Casagrande, sp. nov. (OM 37.633—OM).