Tenedos cumbre, Martínez & Brescovit & Martínez, 2023

Martínez, Leonel, Brescovit, Antonio D. & Martínez, Carlos Prieto, 2023, Revealing the diversity of ant-eating spiders in Colombia II: morphology, distribution, and taxonomy of the trilobatus group of the genus Tenedos O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 (Araneae: Zodariidae), Zootaxa 5328 (1), pp. 1-66 : 22-28

Tenedos cumbre sp. n. Martínez & Brescovit

Figs 16–18 ; 45

Type material. Holotype: COLOMBIA. Valle del Cauca: La Cumbre, Vereda Chicoral Alto Bitaco, Bitaco , Finca Monte Bello , pristine forest fragment, pitfall trap, 2030 m, [3°33′56″N, 76°34′58″W], I. Quintero & González leg., 31.VII.2003, 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6105) . Paratypes: same data as the holotype, 1 ♀, 2-4.VII.2003 (IAvH-I-6106), 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6107); 29-31.VII.2003, 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6108), 1 ♁ (IAvH–I-6109), 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6110); 23-25.VII.2003, 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6111), 1 ♁ (IAvH-I-6112) .

Other material examined. COLOMBIA. Valle del Cauca, La Cumbre, Finca Monte Bello, Alto Bitaco , Vereda Chicoral , Corregimiento Bitaco , pristine forest, pitfall trap, 2115 m, (03°34′08′′N, 76°35′19′′W), 23-25.VII.2003, I. Quintero, E. González leg., 1♁ ( IBSP 324938 ) .

Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition to the type locality of the species.

Diagnosis. Males of Tenedos cumbre sp. n. are similar to those of T. trilobatus Jocqué & Baert 2002 , by having a small conductor (C) and cymbium (Cy) ( Figs 10A–E ; 12A–D ; 13A–B ; 14 , 15A–D ), but can be distinguished by having posterior branch of the retrolateral tibial apophysis (pRTA) longer than palpal tibia; laminar, longer median apophysis (MA) with short anterior tip ( Figs 17A–D ; 18A–B ). Females are similar those of Tenedos trilobatus by short copulatory ducts (SD) and relatively similar shaped of lateral borders (LB) ( Figs 10F ; 12E–F ), are distinguished by longer, copulatory ducts (CD), describing almost two coils on spermathecae and by having a delimited, m-shaped atrium (A) ( Figs 17E–F ; 18C–D ).

Description. Male (IAvH-I-6105). Coloration ( Fig. 16A–B ): carapace uniformly reddish-brown with slightly dark in margins, lighter in posterior region of fovea. Chelicerae with dark brown paturon, brown-reddish fangs. Endites light brown, anteriorly white. Labium and sternum brown, medially lighter. Legs: Coxae-tarsi I–IV light yellow, tarsi darker. Abdomen: dorsally dark gray with eight white guanine spots organized as follows: two small, thin, elongated spots, anteriorly positioned; four subrounded spots larger than previous ones, with anterior notch, medially positioned; two small, irregular spots partially joined in medial region, posteriorly positioned. Laterally dark gray with a long and wide spot. Ventrally beige. Spinnerets pale yellow. Measurements: total length 5.08, carapace length 2.46, width 1.52, height 0.99. Clypeus height 0.39. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.09, PME 0.11, PLE 0.11; AME–AME 0.17, AME–ALE 0.19, AME–PME 0.16, PME–PME 0.23, PME–PLE 0.32, ALE–PLE 0.23. Chelicerae 0.74 length. Sternum length 0.99, width 0.86. Legs: I—femur 1.73/ patella 0.50/ tibia 1.43/ metatarsus 1.34/ tarsus 1.06/ total 6.06; II—1.44/ 0.53/ 1.19/ 1.23/ 0.84/ 5.23; III—1.37/ 0.62/ 0.97/ 1.33/ 0.79/ 5.08; IV—1.69/ 0.63/ 1.47/ 2.08/ 0.86/ 6.73. Abdomen length 2.12. Legs spines pattern (only the differences from the general pattern): I—tibia v 2-2-2, metatarsus v 2-1p-2, p 0-0-1v. Palp: retrolateral process of cymbium (RPC) short, projected; tegulum (T) anteriorly rounded, elongated towards embolus base; subtegulum (St) distinguishable as thin region in ventral view; conductor (C) small, with prolateral laminar region moderately developed; appendix (ApC) short, apically sharp; embolus (E) wide in the base, filiform towards apex; embolus base (EB) robust, prolaterobasally projected; spermatic ducts (SD) very thin, recurved, slightly curved in medial side (ventral view); ventral tibial apophysis (VTA) short, quadrangular-shaped; median apophysis (MA) long, with slightly wide base; retrolateral tibial apophysis with long posterior branch (pRTA), anterior branch (aRTA) short, knife-shaped ( Figs 17A–D ; 18A–B ).

Female (IAvH-I-6106). Coloration and abdominal pattern of spots as male, more pigmented, carapace dark-brown and legs uniformly brown, but white coxae ( Fig. 16C–D ). Measurements: total length 5.39, carapace length 2.54, width 1.63, height 1.14. Clypeus height 0.46. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.11, PME 0.10, PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.17, AME–ALE 0.23, AME–PME 0.25, PME–PME 0.27, PME–PLE 0.35, ALE– PLE 0.27. Chelicerae 0.83 length. Sternum length 0.94, width 0.87. Legs: I—femur 1.42/ patella 0.49/ tibia 1.25/ metatarsus 1.10/ tarsi 0.86/ total 5.12; II—1.21/ 0.59/ 1.03/ 0.94/ 0.58/ 4.35; III—1.19/ 0.54/ 0.84/ 0.98/ 0.62/ 4.17; IV—1.56/ 0.58/ 1.20/ 1.77/ 0.85/ 5.96. Abdomen length 2.51. Legs spines pattern (only the differences from the general pattern): I—tibia v 2-1r-1p, metatarsus r 0-0-1v; II—femur p 0-0-1d. Epigyne: lateral borders (LB) short, strongly sclerotized; median field plate (MFP) very small; copulatory ducts (CD) long, describing at least 2 coils on spermathecae; spermathecae (S) large, irregulars, posteriorly positioned; fertilization ducts (FD) longer than spermathecae ( Figs 17E–F ; 18C–D ).

Variation. Males (n=7): total length: 4.48–5.08; carapace length: 2.39–2.46; femur I length: 1.47–1.73.

Distribution. Known from Valle del Cauca department ( Fig. 45 ).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−E. Male palp (FMNHINS 3479386): A. Dorsal view. B. Retroventral view. C. Prolateral view. D. Retrolateral view (black and white arrows indicate the pRTA and aRTA, respectively). E. Ventral view F. Female epigynum (FMNHINS 3479385), ventral view. Scale bars: A−D. 0.5mm; E−F. 0.2mm. Abbreviations: aRTA, anterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; C, conductor; E, embolus; EB, embolus base; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; MFP, median field plate; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; St, subtegulum; SD, spermatic ducts; T, tegulum; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bar: A−F: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 12. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−D. Male palp (IAvH-I-6177): A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral view. C. Ventral view. D. Retrolateral view. E−F. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6181): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A−D: 0.5 mm; E−F: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 13. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−B. Male palp (IAvH-I-6177): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view. C−D. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6181): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: C, conductor; CD, copulatory ducts; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; MFP, median field plate; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: A−B: 0.5 mm; C−D: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 14. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−D. Male palp (IBSP 324932), SEM images: A. Ventral view. B. Conductor (pointed squared delimited the region of cymbium with modified setae, the arrow indicates these setae on retrolateral edge of the cymbium). C. Retrolateral view. D. Tibial apophyses. E. Proventral view. F. Conductor and median apophysis, proventral view. Abbreviations: ApC, appendix of the conductor; aRTA, anterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; C, conductor; E, embolus; MA, median apophysis; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; St, subtegulum; T, tegulum; VTA, ventral tegular apophysis. Scale bars: A−C: 0.2 mm; B−D: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 15. Tenedos trilobatus Jocqué & Baert, 2002. A−B. Male palp (IBSP 324932), SEM images: A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral. Female genitalia (IAvH-I), SEM images: C. Dorsal view. D. Apical view. E. Bennett’s glands pore. F. Posterior view. G. Fertilization duct. Scale bars: A−B: 0.2 mm; C−D, F: 0.1 mm; E: 0.005 mm; G: 0.001 mm. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory ducts; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; MF, median field; S, spermathecae. Scale bars: A−B: 0.7 mm; C−D: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 16. Tenedos cumbre sp. n. A−D. Male habitus (IAvH-I-6105): A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C−D. Female habitus (IAvH-I-6106): C. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. Scale bars: A−D: 2.5 mm.

FIGURE 17. Tenedos cumbre sp. n. A−D. Male palp (IAvH-I-6105): A. Prolateral view. B. Retroventral view. C. Ventral view. D. Retrolateral view. E−F. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6106): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Scale bars: A−D: 1 mm; E−F: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 18. Tenedos cumbre sp. n. A−D. Male palp (IAvH-I-6105): A. Ventral view. B. Retrolateral view. C−D. Female epigynum (IAvH-I-6106): C. Ventral view. D. Dorsal view. Abbreviations: A, atrium; C, conductor; CD, copulatory ducts; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; pRTA, posterior branch of retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis.

FIGURE 45. Distribution map of the species belonging to the trilobatus species group in Colombia.