Trachyphloeosoma martin, Ren & Borovec & Zhang, 2020

Ren, Li, Borovec, Roman & Zhang, Runzhi, 2020, On Chinese Trachyphloeini with description of four new species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), ZooKeys 974, pp. 93-119 : 93

Trachyphloeosoma martin sp. nov. Figs 23 , 24 , 38 , 43 , 46 , 50 , 54

Type locality.

China, Hainan, Limushan Mts.

Material examined.

Holotype. China - Hainan Prov. • 1 ♂; Limushan Mts., mountains above frst. admin. Centre; 19°10.5-19°10.9'N, 109°44-109°45'E; 650-900 m a.s.l.; 6 May 2011; Fikáček leg.; sifting - small accumulations of moist leaf litter along an on the trail in secondary forest partly with Cyathea and bamboo; MF19; NMPC. Paratypes. China - Hainan Prov. • 1 ♀; the same data as holotype; NMPC; • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; IZCAS.

Description.

Body length: 1.63-2.31 mm, holotype 1.63 mm.

Body (Figs 23 , 24 ) including antennae and legs unicoloured piceous brown. Entire body except of frons, antennal funicles with clubs and tarsi covered with a brownish earth-like incrustation which conceals integument; rounded scales with hardly visible shape, but at least on pronotum, head and rostrum irregularly star-shaped. Elytra with one conspicuous dense row of erect, subspatulate setae only on odd-numbered intervals; setae almost as long as width of one interval, enlarged apicad, distance between two setae distinctly longer than length of one seta. Pronotum and head with rostrum with similar setae, approximately half length of elytral setae, densely irregularly scattered, anteriorly directed. Antennal scapes, femora and tibiae with short, erect, very slender setae, prominent from outline of scapes and legs.

Rostrum (Figs 23 , 24 , 38 ) 1.38-1.42 × wider than long, at base 1.23-1.28 × wider than at apex, evenly tapered anteriad with straight sides; in profile short and wide, convex. Epifrons in basal half distinctly tapered anteriad, in apical half almost parallel-sided, narrow, 0.62-0.67 × as wide as rostrum in corresponding part, with ill-defined, longitudinal furrow. Frons glabrous, smooth and shiny, posteriorly continuous with epifrons. Epistome indistinct. Antennal scrobes in dorsal view visible as furrows, not reaching eyes; in lateral view distinctly subtriangular, short, strikingly enlarged posteriad with dorsal margin directed above dorsal margin of eye and ventral margin deeply below ventral margin of eye. Eyes very small, in dorsal view hardly protruding from outline of head; in lateral view placed in dorsal third, distance from dorsal margin of head distinctly longer than diameter of eye.

Antennae moderately long, scapes slightly exceeding anterior margin of pronotum and longer than funicle, weakly regularly curved, in apical half slightly gradually thickened to apex, at apex 0.7-0.8 × as wide as club. Funicle segment 1 wide, bead-shaped, 1.3-1.4 × longer than wide and 1.6-1.7 × longer than segment 2, which is short, 1.1-1.2 × longer than wide; segments 3-7 slightly successively wider, segments 3-5 1.6-1.7 ×, segment 6 1.6-1.7 ×, segment 7 1.7-1.8 × wider than long. Clubs ovoid, large, 1.5-1.6 × longer than wide.

Pronotum (Figs 23 , 24 ) narrow, 1.07-1.11 × wider than long, widest at anterior third, with distinctly rounded sides, constricted behind anterior margin; disc regularly domed, indistinctly granulate; pronotum slightly convex in lateral view, anterior margin strongly obliquely directed back beneath towards coxae.

Elytra (Figs 23 , 24 ) elongated, 1.44-1.48 × longer than wide, widest at midlength, with regularly rounded sides. Striae coarsely punctate, twice as wide as intervals, striae not impressed between punctures; separation of punctures much less than their diameters. Intervals very narrow, flat, shiny.

Protibiae short and robust, 5.0-5.3 × longer than wide at midlength, at apical quarter slightly curved inwards with mesal edge slightly bisinuate, apically obliquely subtruncate, with a dense fringe fine of long yellowish setae, shorter in mesal than in lateral part, with long and slender yellowish mucro. Tarsi short, tarsomere 2 1.6-1.7 × wider than long; tarsomere 3 1.3-1.4 × wider than long and 1.4 × wider than tarsomere 2; onychium (tarsomere 5) as long as tarsomere 3, strikingly widened apicad with very long, strongly divaricate claws, as long as part of onychium projecting beyond lobes of tarsomere 3.

Abdominal ventrites 1.14-1.19 × longer than wide, sparsely roughly punctate; ventrite 2 slightly longer than ventrite 1 and distinctly longer than ventrites 3 and 4 combined; suture between ventrites 1 and 2 sinuate, the others straight. Metaventral process as wide as transverse diameter of metacoxa.

Penis (Fig. 43 ) long and slender, 2.91 × as long as wide, subparallel-sided with straight sides, slightly evenly tapered apicad; tip long, subtriangular with slightly concave sides; in lateral view slender, distinctly irregularly curved, tip pointed.

Female genitalia. Spermatheca with long and irregularly curved cornu; corpus slender, indistinct; ramus developed, short or tubular; collum very long, distinctly irregularly curved (Fig. 46 ). Sternite VIII with plate 1.5-1.7 × longer than wide, rhombic, with distinct, slender, longitudinal fenestra reaching midlength of plate (Fig. 50 ). Gonocoxites of ovipositor very slender and long, basally enlarged, in apical part rod-shaped, bearing slender and long, cylindrical stylus with apical setae.

Bionomics.

Type material was sifted from leaf litter in secondary forest partly with Cyathea and bamboo.

Etymology.

This species is named after the curator of the National Museum in Prague and also the collector of the type specimens, Dr. Martin Fikáček. The specific name is a noun in apposition.

Distribution.

China, Hainan (Fig. 54 ).

Differential diagnosis.

Trachyphloeosoma martin sp. nov. is very easily recognizable among Chinese species by the elytral raised setae only on odd-numbered intervals and also by the pronotum being somewhat longer, only slightly wider than long, not distinctly granulate on disc, almost flat. Within the genus, Trachyphloeosoma martin sp. nov. is similar only to T. roelofsi Sharp, 1896 from Japan and T. setosum (Wollaston, 1869) known from St. Helena, where it is apparently introduced (but region of origin not yet known). Trachyphloeosoma martin sp. nov. is similar to them in having raised elytral setae only on odd intervals, but distinguished from them by a more slender and longer rostrum, 1.38-1.42 × wider than long (1.56-1.73 × in T. roelofsi and T. setosum ), longer and more slender elytra, 1.44-1.48 × longer than wide, (1.19-1.27 × in T. roelofsi and T. setosum ), and also by the different shape of the spermatheca, with collum distinctly longer than wide (isodiametric in T. roelofsi ), or long and irregularly curved cornu (short and regularly curved in T. setosum ).

Figures

Figure 54. Geographical distribution of new species of Trachyphloeosoma in China.

Figures 17 - 24. Habitus of species of Rhinodontus and Trachyphloeosoma: 17, 18 Rhinodontus sawadai, female, dorsal and lateral view 19, 20 Trachyphloeosoma honza sp. nov., paratype, female, dorsal and lateral view 21, 22 T. jirka sp. nov., paratype, female, dorsal and lateral view 23, 24 T. martin sp. nov., paratype, female, dorsal and lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figures 36 - 41. Head with rostrum in dorsal and lateral view of Trachyphloeosoma species: 36 T. honza sp. nov. 37 T. jirka sp. nov. 38 T. martin sp. nov. 39 T. roelofsi; Protibiae of Trachyphloeosoma species: 40 T. honza sp. nov. 41 T. jirka sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.50 mm (36 - 41).

Figures 42 - 51. Terminalia of Trachyphloeosoma species: 42 Penis of T. honza sp. nov., dorsal and lateral view 43 Penis of T. martin sp. nov., dorsal and lateral view 44 Spermatheca of T. honza sp. nov. 45 Spermatheca of T. jirka sp. nov. 46 Spermatheca of T. martin sp. nov. 47 Spermatheca of T. roelofsi 48 Sternite VIII of T. honza sp. nov. 49 Sternite VIII of T. jirka sp. nov. 50 Sternite VIII of T. martin sp. nov. 51 Sternite VIII of T. roelofsi. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (42 - 47); 0.5 mm (48 - 51).