Zaitunia maracandica ( Charitonov, 1946 )

Sergei Zonstein & Yuri M. Marusik, 2016, A revision of the spider genus Zaitunia (Araneae, Filistatidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 214, pp. 1-97 : 74-77

Zaitunia maracandica ( Charitonov, 1946)

Figs 37–38 , 42 G–H, 44F

Filistata maracandica Charitonov, 1946: 20 , fig. 3 (subad. ♀).

Filistata maracandica – Charitonov 1969: 66 (subad. ♀).

Zaitunia maracandica – Zonstein 1990: 50 (transfer from Filistata ).

Diagnosis

In the structure of the bulb, males of Z. maracandica resemble Z. ferghanensis sp. nov. but differ by the shape of the palpal tibia, which is considerably more swollen, with thickened setae, as well as by the shape of the vestigial embolic keel, which terminates more gently than in Z. ferghanensis sp. nov. (cf. Figs 35 A–D, 37A–C). In the structure of the endogyne, Z. maracandica is similar to Z. ferghanensis sp. nov. and Z. wunderlichi sp. nov., but differs from these species by the shape of the median receptacles, which are subequal to the lateral pair (by contrast, in Z. ferghanensis sp. nov. the lateral receptacles are largest, cf. Fig. 38 E–J) and from Z. wunderlichi sp. nov. by the longer median receptacles (which are shorter in the latter species; cf. Fig. 33 A–B, D).

Type material

Lectotype (designated here)

UZBEKISTAN: ♀ subad., southern foothills of Zaravshan Mts , 9–12 km north of Kitab, 21 Mar. 1942, D.M. Fedotov ( ZMPU; examined).

Paralectotypes

UZBEKISTAN: 2 juvs, same data as holotype.

Other material examined (2 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀, 5 ♀♀ subad., 6 juvs)

UZBEKISTAN: 2 ♀♀, 10 km N of Kitab , 39°12' N, 66°54' E, 800–850 m, 9 Apr. 1990, S. Zonstein & S.V. Ovchinnikov ( TAU) ; 1 ♀, surroundings of Bakhmal , 40°04' N, 67°39' E, 5 May 1990, A.A. Zyuzin & A.A. Feodorov ( TAU) ; 1 ♀, north-western slope of Hissar Mts , Ishkent, 38°51' N, 66°58' E, 1200 m, 6 Apr. 1989, S. Zonstein ( TAU) ; 4 ♀♀, 2 juvs, surroundings of Bukhara , 39°46' N, 64°26' E, 25 May 1981, D.M. Schwetz ( TAU) ; 4 ♀♀, 3 ♀♀ subad., Ishmantop near Gallaaral, 39°59' N, 67°35' E, 5 May 1990, A.A. Feodorov & A.A. Zyuzin ( TAU) ; 1 ♂, Ulus , 53 km W of Samarkand, 39°34' N, 66°23' E, 550 m, 7 May 1990, A.A. Feodorov & A.A. Zyuzin ( TAU) ; 3 ♀♀, same data, but 8 May 1990 ( TAU) ; 3 ♀♀, 3 juvs, western tip of Zeravshan Mts , foothills, Beshbarmak (now Djam), 47 km SW of Samarkand, 39°24' N, 66°27' E, 700–800 m, 8 May 1990, A.A. Feodorov & A.A. Zyuzin ( TAU) .

KAZAKHSTAN: 1 ♂, desert ravine in vicinity of Arys city, 42º26' N, 68º48' E, 21 May 1987, D.V. Logunov ( ZMMU) ; 2 ♀♀, Karatau Mts , Bayaldyr Canyon, c. 43°40' N, 68°33' E, 500–800 m, 11 Jun. 1989, A.A. Zyuzin ( TAU) ; 2 ♀♀ subad., 1 juv., same mountain ridge, surroundings of Zhunusata town , 43º53' N, 68º47' E, 700–900 m, 23 Apr. 1988, C.K. Tarabaev ( TAU) ; 2 ♀♀, same region, Boroldaitau Mts , Boroldai river canyon, c. 42°52' N, 69°56' E, 600–800 m, 16 Apr. 1988, C.K. Tarabaev ( TAU) ; 1 ♀, Kyzylkum Desert , Zhautkan well, 43 km W of Bairkum town, 11 May 1995, A.A. Zyuzin ( ZMMU) .

Description

Male (Ulus)

HABITUS. See Fig. 37 A.

BODY LENGTH. 3.27.

COLOUR. Body and legs pale greyish-yellow; clypeus reddish-brown; eye tubercle blackish-brown; carapace with weak and narrow darker median line spreading from central area to eye tubercle; carapace margins not darkened; abdomen dorsally with narrow diffuse, interrupted and almost indistinct pale brown median line.

CARAPACE ( Figs 37 B, 42G). 1.49 long, 1.14 wide.

EYES ( Fig. 37 C). AME 0.09, ALE 0.14, PLE 0.13, PME 0.11, AME–AME 0.05.

PALP ( Figs 37 D–E, 44F). Femur longer than tibia and almost 2 times thinner; tibia with a few strong ventro-retrolateral setae in terminal part; cymbium subequal in length to bulb; bulb conical; embolic part long and straight; ventral keel of embolic neck gradually tapering; tip of embolus bent downward.

LEG MEASUREMENTS. ♂(♀)

	Femur	Patella	Tibia	Metatarsus	Tarsus	Total
Palp	1.05 (0.92)	0.36 (0.46)	0.78 (0.61)	―	0.28 (0.84)	2.47 (2.83)
I	2.18 (1.94)	0.63 (0.63)	1.98 (1.80)	1.89 (1.53)	1.38 (1.18)	8.06 (7.08)
II	1.77 (1.50)	0.55 (0.60)	1.54 (1.23)	1.56 (1.15)	1.12 (0.91)	6.54 (5.39)
III	1.62 (1.39)	0.55 (0.58)	1.36 (1.06)	1.60 (1.12)	0.83 (0.86)	5.96 (5.01)
IV	2.13 (1.94)	0.57 (0.63)	2.01 (1.42)	1.72 (1.42)	1.13 (0.89)	7.56 (6.30)

Female (Kitab)

HABITUS. See Fig. 38 C.

BODY LENGTH. 4.33.

COLOUR. As in male, but abdomen dorsally and carapace margins are somewhat darker.

CARAPACE ( Fig. 42 H). 1.62 long, 1.34 wide.

EYES. AME 0.07, ALE 0.13, PLE 0.11, PME 0.08, AME–AME 0.08.

ENDOGYNE ( Fig. 38 E–I). All receptacles with corrugated stems, equally spaced; median receptacles clublike, heads separated by 1.6 diameters, shorter than lateral; lateral receptacles conical, with wide bases, slightly bent mesally in the middle part, converging; gland pores evenly distributed on both pairs of receptacles.

Variation

Carapace length in females varies from 1.53 to 2.05; spiders may have darker marks and fasciae on the carapace, legs and abdomen, or these marks may be almost completely absent on the pale background (cf. Fig. 38 A–D).

Ecology

This species occurs in various habitats from foothill deserts, steppes and shrubs to open Juniperus forest in the middle mountain belt.

Distribution

Uzbekistan and southern Kazakhstan ( Fig. 49 ).

Figures

Fig. 33. Somatic characters and copulatory organs of Zaitunia wunderlichi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (A – B, D), Z. beshkentica (Andreeva & Tyshchenko, 1969), ♀ from Babatagh Mts (C), Z. logunovi sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (E, G) and Z. schmitzi (Kulczyński, 1911), ♀ from Jerusalem area (F). — A – D. Endogyne, dorsal (A, C – D) and ventral (B). E – F. Posterior respiratory system, dorsal. G. Close-up view of male tarsus IV, prolateral, showing pseudosegmentation. Scale bars: A – B, D – G = 0.1 mm; C = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 35. Copulatory organs and somatic characters of Zaitunia ferghanensis sp. nov., paratype, ♂ from Osh (A – D) and paratypes, ♀♀ from Djalal-Abad (E – J) and Ferghana (K). — A. Palp, prolateral. B – D. Terminal part of palp, retrolateral, ventral and dorsal. E – J. Endogyne (variants), dorsal. K. Habitus, dorsal.

Fig. 37. Somatic characters and palp of Zaitunia maracandica (Charitonov, 1946), ♂ from Ulus. A. Habitus, lateral. B – C. Prosoma, laterodorsal. D – E. Palp, retro- and prolateral. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C – E = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 38. Somatic characters and endogyne of Zaitunia maracandica (Charitonov, 1946), ♀♀ from Bukhara (A – D), Kitab (E – H) and Ulus (I). A. Prosoma, dorsal. B, D. Body, dorsal. C. Habitus, dorsal. E – F, I. Endogyne, dorsal. G. Right pair of receptacles, anterior. H. Endogyne, anterior. Scale bars: B, D = 0.5 mm; C = 1.0 mm; I = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 42. Variations of coloration and setation of carapace in ♂♂ (A, D, F – G) and ♀♀ (B – C, E, H) of some Zaitunia species. — A – B. Z. logunovi sp. nov. C. Z. inderensis Ponomarev, 2005. D – E. Z. beshkentica (Andreeva & Tyshchenko, 1969). F. Zaitunia wunderlichi sp. nov. G – H. Z. maracandica (Charitonov, 1946). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 49. Distribution of Zaitunia beshkentica and Zaitunia maracandica species groups.