Zatypota baragi Matsumoto

Matsumoto, Rikio & Takasuka, Keizo, 2010, A revision of the genus Zatypota Förster of Japan, with descriptions of nine new species and notes on their hosts (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae), Zootaxa 2522, pp. 1-43 : 10-14

Zatypota baragi Matsumoto , sp. nov.

Female. Head ( Figs 2 , 15 ). Flagellum with 17–19 segments; frons impunctate and polished; face and clypeus covered with moderately long pubescence, the former weakly separated from the latter by a shallow supraclypeal suture, weakly convex in lateral view; face weakly to moderately produced forward, between antennal socket and supraclypeal suture about 1.4–1.6 x its minimum width between eyes, with a low but sharp median vertical ridge of almost its length, with sockets of pubescence weakly protuberant, making its surface rough; clypeus about 2.0 x as wide as its length, with apical margin rounded or somewhat truncate medially; eye bare, its inner margin slightly convergent at midheight of face; ocelli of moderate size; eye remote from lateral ocellus by about 1.5 x maximum diameter of the latter; upper tooth of mandible much longer than the lower, moderately tapered, about 0.6 x as wide as the basal width at the middle, outer face of mandible with some rather long pubescence; palpi formula 4: 3; malar space about 0.5 x basal width of mandible, weakly granulate between lower end of eye and upper end of mandible base; hypostomal carina narrowly lamellate between the lower articulation of mandible and junction of occipital and hypostomal carinae; vertex with inter-ocellar area weakly raised; gena moderately long, with sparse rather long forwardly directed setae; outline of gena behind eye almost straight anteriorly and moderately rounded posteriorly in dorsal view; occipital carina complete or sometimes weak dorsomedially, rather strongly bowed forward in dorsal view.

Mesosoma . Pronotum ( Figs 27 , 39 ) with anterior margin weakly reflexed and thickened, mediodorsally produced into a backwardly directed tooth, a dorsomedian bridge connects it with hind margin, lateral face polished, with epomia straight and distinct, upper end of epomia a little remote from upper margin of pronotum and lower part extend downward to reach lower margin; mesoscutum in front of scuto-scutellar groove 1.1–1.2 x as long as wide in dorsal view, bare and polished all over, moderately convex in lateral view, with distinct almost straight notauli converging to a shallow hollow located at the middle of mesoscutum; mesopleuron ( Fig. 51 ) with a rather distinct somewhat sinuate epicnemial carina, its upper end surpassing the level of lower corner of pronotum and rather far from posterior margin of pronotum, almost impunctate, bare and polished laterally, densely covered with pubescence ventrally and in front of epicnemial carina, with a short groove below speculum; mesopleural suture very weakly foveorate; scutellum convex; propodeum ( Figs 63 , 75 ) with rather dense pubescence anteriorly and laterally; areas basalis and superomedia, and areas posterialis and postero-externa fused respectively, carinae delimiting these combined areas distinct; lateral longitudinal carina indistinct anteriorly; pleural carina complete; propodeal spiracle touching pleural carina; dorsal half of metapleuron ( Fig. 75 ) moderately covered with pubescence; submetapleural carina complete, strong with no expansion anteriorly.

Wings. Fore wing ( Fig. 87 ) with vein Rs+M basad of cu-a by 1– 3 x the width of the vein, 2rs-m about 0.1 x the length of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; vein cu-a moderately inclivous; vein Cu1a separated from 1m-cu by the length of Cu1b. Hind wing ( Fig. 99 ) with vein M+ Cu moderately bowed; distal abscissa of Cu absent; vein cu-a weakly inclivous to vein 1A.

Legs. Legs moderately slender; fore femur 4.0–4.3 x as long as maximum width; hind femur 4.8–5.1 x as long as maximum width: hind tibia 10.0–10.5 x as long as apical width; first tarsal segment of hind leg a little longer than second and third segments combined; fifth segment as long as the third.

Metasoma ( Fig. 111 ). T1 with pair of posterolateral oblique impressions, with dorsomedian longitudinal carina extending to 0.8 of its length and moderately convergent anteriorly and parallel posteriorly in dorsal view; dorsolateral longitudinal carina extending to 0.7 of T1 with spiracle situated on it; T2 smooth with very sharply impressed anterolateral and posterolateral oblique grooves; these grooves delimiting a central evenly convex smooth rhombic area, furnished with very short, dense and distinct longitudinal ridges on them; T3–5 similar to T2, with anterior oblique groove more transverse, making the central areas triangular; T6 with faint posterolateral oblique groove; T2–6 sparsely covered with pubescence laterally; T1 1.3–1.4 x as long as apical width; T2 0.9 x as long as T1 and 0.9 x as long as apical width. Ovipositor projecting beyond apex of metasoma by 0.45 x length of hind tibia, straight; upper valve of ovipositor moderately thickened at a little in front of the middle, elongately tapered to sharp point; lower valve moderately thickened sub-basally and medially, then tapered to very sharp point.

Coloration. Head black; face whitish yellow laterally and just below antennal socket; clypeus pale brown somewhat darkened dorsally; narrow yellowish white strip of frontal orbit extend backwards by length of scape; mandible yellowish white except tip brown. Flagellum brown, basal half paler ventrally, pedicel and scape whitish below. Mesosoma reddish brown, with anterolateral part of median lobe of mesoscutum, propleuron and ventro-lateral margin of pronotum, postero-dorsal corner of pronotum, tegula, subalar prominence and scutellum yellowish white; propodeum brown to dark brown dorsally. Legs fulvous; coxa, trochanter, trochantellus of fore and middle leg whitish; hind leg with trochanter, trochantellus and apex of femur whitish; hind tibia pale with basal 0.25 and apical 0.35 brown. Wings hyaline, pterostigma brown. Metasoma with T1 borso-medially dark brown; apical margins of T2–6 darkened; T7 black. Ovipositor brown, sheath black.

Length. Fore wing 2.6–3.6 mm

Male. Similar to female but slighyly smaller. Legs slightly stouter than in Ψ.

Length. Fore wing 2.4–2.8 mm.

Cocoon ( Fig. 125 ). White to pale brown, sub-cylindrical, rather densely spun, with somewhat irregular whorls of looser silk on its surface, with a distinct caudal hole. Its cap is cut off circularly by adult female on its emergence.

Variation. Propodeum and T1 entirely reddish brown in some paratypes. In a few darker specimens central part of median and lateral lobes of mesoscutum, mesosternum, propodeum and metasoma almost entirely dark brown. In such specimens basal and apical brown band of hind tibia much darker.

Host. Takayus chikunii (Yaginuma) (Theridiidae) .

Biological notes. The host spider, Takayus chikunii , winters as a subadult on the twigs or among the dead leaves clinging to the twigs. The parasitoid passes the winter as an early instar larva on the host spider. The larva ( Fig. 124 ) is located basally on the dorso-lateral surface of the host abdomen and matures in spring. As cocoons were collected in May and September to October in the field, there seem to be two or more generations a year. The type locality of this species is a rather open, dry secondary wood. Parasitized spiders and cocoons were found in the host web spun among shrub twigs (mainly on Rhododendron macrosepalum ) along a path in the woods. Two females were observed to hover around host webs in October 2009 at the type locality but no attacking behavior was witnessed.

Comments. This species resembles Z. takayu sp. nov. in having median longitudinal ridge on the face but can be distinguished from it by more forwardly produced face and dense sharp ridges on posterolateral oblique grooves on T4–5 (indistinct or absent in Z. takayu ). In coloration of face, this species somewhat resembles Z. dendrobia sp.nov. but median longitudinal ridge on the face separates this species from it.

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Japanese name of the host spider.

Distribution records. Japan: Honshu.

Specimens examined. Type series (All reared specimens were from T. chikunii ). Holotype Ψ, 24.IX.2009 (cocoon on host web, emer. 30.IX.), Ichibu-cho (34.6722°N, 135.7200°E, (WGS 84), 150m a.s.l.), Ikoma, Nara Pref., Japan, (R. Matsumoto), [OMNH, TI-484]. Paratypes. [Honshu] 1Ψ, 8.IX.2004 (Malaise trap), Kinunuma, Kuriyama, Tochigi Pref., (H.Makihara); 1Ψ, 25.V.2009 (cocoon on host web, emer. 27.V.), Uji, Uji, Kyoto Pref., (R.M.); 1Ψ, 26.I.2009 (larva on host, cocooned 24.II., emer. 8.III.), Higashiikoma, Ikoma, Nara Pref., (R.M.); 1ɗ, 13.IV.2009 (cocoon on host web, emer. 18.IV.), same locality as holotype, (R.M.); 1ɗ, 14.VI.2009 (cocoon on host web, emer. IV.), same locality, (R.M.); 3ɗɗ6 ΨΨ, 24.IX.2009 (cocoon on host web, emer. 26.IX.–1.X.), same locality, (R.M.) (1Ψ BMNH); 1Ψ, 5.X.2009 (cocoon on host web, emer. 7.X.), same locality, (R.M.); 1Ψ, 5.X.2009, same locality, (R.M.); 1Ψ, 9.III.2007 (larva on host, emer. 4.IV.), Yatacho, Yamato-Kouriyama, Nara Pref., (R.M.); 2ΨΨ, 29.IX.2009 (larva on host, cocooned 30.IX., emer. 7– 11.X.), same locality, (R.M.); 1ɗ1Ψ, 29.IX.2009 (cocoon on host web, emer. 1– 3.X.), same locality, (R.M.); 2ΨΨ, 6.II.2009 (larva on host, cocooned 28.II., emer. 10–16.III.), Iimoriyama, Shijonawate, Osaka Pref., (R.M.); 1ɗ, 29.XII.2008 (larva on host, cocooned 19.I.2009, emer. 28.I.), Satsukiyama, Ikeda, Osaka Pref., (R.M.); 2ɗɗ2ΨΨ, 2.III.2009 (larva on host, cocooned 23–26.III., emer. 28.III.), same locality, (R.M.); 1ɗ, 2.II.2008 (larva on host, cocooned 22.II.2009, emer. 3.II.), same locality, (R.M.); 2ΨΨ, 6.XII.2009 (larva on host, emer. I–II.2010.), same locality, (R.M.).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 13. Scanning electon micrography of head of Zatypota spp. (female) in anterior view (1 – 12) and lateral aspect (13). 1, Z. albicoxa; 2, Z. baragi (paratype); 3, Z. brachycera (paratype); 4, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 5, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 6, Z. elegans (paratype); 7, Z. grachilipes; 8, Z. maculata (paratype); 9, Z. percontatoria; 10, Z. sulcata (paratype); 11, Z. takayu (paratype); 12, Z. yambar (paratype); 13, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 14 – 25. Scanning electron micrography of head of Zatypota spp. (female) in posterior view. 14, Z. albicoxa; 15, Z. baragi (paratype); 16, Z. brachycera (paratype); 17, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 18, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 19, Z. elegans (paratype); 20, Z. grachilipes; 21, Z. maculata (paratype); 22, Z. percontatoria; 23, Z. sulcata (paratype); 24, Z. takayu (paratype); 25, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 26 – 37. Scanning electron micrography of pronotum and anterior part of mesoscutum of Zatypota spp (female) in dorsal aspect. 26, Z. albicoxa; 27, Z. baragi (paratype); 28, Z. brachycera (paratype); 29, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 30, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 31, Z. elegans (paratype); 32, Z. grachilipes; 33, Z. maculata (paratype); 34, Z. percontatoria; 35, Z. sulcata (paratype); 36, Z. takayu (paratype); 37, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 38 – 49. Scanning electron micrography of pronotum of Zatypota spp (female) in lateral view. 38, Z. albicoxa; 39, Z. baragi (paratype); 40, Z. brachycera (paratype); 41, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 42, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 43, Z. elegans (paratype); 44, Z. grachilipes; 45, Z. maculata (paratype); 46, Z. percontatoria; 47, Z. sulcata (paratype); 48, Z. takayu (paratype); 49, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 50 – 61. Scanning electron micrography of mesopleuron of Zatypota spp (female) in lateral view. 50, Z. albicoxa; 51, Z. baragi (paratype); 52, Z. brachycera (paratype); 53, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 54, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 55, Z. elegans (paratype); 56, Z. grachilipes; 57, Z. maculata (paratype); 58, Z. percontatoria; 59, Z. sulcata (paratype); 60, Z. takayu (paratype); 61, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 62 – 73. Scanning electron micrography of propodeum of Zatypota spp (female) in dorsal view. 62, Z. albicoxa; 63, Z. baragi (paratype); 64, Z. brachycera (paratype); 65, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 66, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 67, Z. elegans (paratype); 68, Z. grachilipes; 69, Z. maculata (paratype); 70, Z. percontatoria; 71, Z. sulcata (paratype); 72, Z. takayu (paratype); 73, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 74 – 85. Scanning electron micrography of propodeum and metapleuron of Zatypota spp (female) in lateral view. 74, Z. albicoxa; 75, Z. baragi (paratype); 76, Z. brachycera (paratype); 77, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 78, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 79, Z. elegans (paratype); 80, Z. grachilipes; 81, Z. maculata (paratype); 82, Z. percontatoria; 83, Z. sulcata (paratype); 84, Z. takayu (paratype); 85, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 86 – 97. Fore wings of of Zatypota spp (female). 86, Z. albicoxa; 87, Z. baragi (paratype); 88, Z. brachycera (paratype); 89, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 90, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 91, Z. elegans (paratype); 92, Z. grachilipes; 93, Z. maculata (paratype); 94, Z. percontatoria; 95, Z. sulcata (paratype); 96, Z. takayu (paratype); 97, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 98 – 109. Hind wings of of Zatypota spp (female). 98, Z. albicoxa; 99, Z. baragi (paratype); 100, Z. brachycera (paratype); 101, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 102, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 103, Z. elegans (paratype); 104, Z. grachilipes; 105, Z. maculata (paratype); 106, Z. percontatoria; 107, Z. sulcata (paratype); 108, Z. takayu (paratype); 109, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 110 – 121. Scanning electron micrography of first and second metasomal tergite of Zatypota spp (female). 110, Z. albicoxa; 111, Z. baragi (paratype); 112, Z. brachycera (paratype); 113, Z. chryssophaga (paratype); 114, Z. dendrobia (paratype); 115, Z. elegans (paratype); 116, Z. grachilipes; 117, Z. maculata (paratype); 118, Z. percontatoria; 119, Z. sulcata (paratype); 120, Z. takayu (paratype); 121, Z. yambar (paratype). Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 122 – 141. Host spider, larva and cocoon of Zatypota spp. 122 – 123, Z. albicoxa; 124 – 125, Z. baragi; 126 – 127, Z. brachycera; 128 – 129, Z. chryssophaga; 130 – 131, Z. dendrobia; 132 – 133, Z. elegans; 134 – 135, Z. maculata; 136 – 137, Z. percontatoria; 138 – 139, Z. sulcata; 140 – 141, Z. takayu.