Terniopsis daoyinensis Q.W.Lin, G.Lu & Z.Y.Li, 2016

Lin, Qin-Wen, Lu, Gang & Li, Zheng-Yu, 2016, Two new species of Podostemaceae from the Yinggeling National Nature Reserve, Hainan, China, Phytotaxa 270 (1), pp. 49-55 : 52-53

Terniopsis daoyinensis Q.W.Lin, G.Lu & Z.Y.Li , sp. nov., Fig. 2 : A–H; Fig. 3 : G–L.

Ab T. ubonensis plantis parvis, radicibus angustus (usque ad 3 mm), ramulis brevibus (usque ad 30 mm), pedicellis (usque ad 10 mm) et staminibus brevibus (usque ad 4 mm), stigmatibus longis (usque ad 1 mm), ramosissimus differt.

Type:— CHINA. Hainan: Baisha, Yinggeling National Nature Reserve, Daoyin village, elevation 365 m, 109°20’50.48”E, 19°0’12.95”N, 24 March 2015, Q. W. Lin, X. Y. Mu & G. Lu 1177 (holotype PE, isotype PE).

Roots creeping, monopodially branched, flattened, 1–3 mm wide, ca. 1 mm thick. Ramuli on both flanks of root, usually 3–30 mm long, simple or few times branched near base, with 2–3 branchlets. Leaves subdimorphic, tristichous, ascending, with single vein, leaves on long shoot separated, elliptic or oblong, 0.5–1 × 0.3–0.6 mm, leaves on short shoot imbricate, reniform or ovate, 0.2–0.5 × 0.3–0.4 mm, basal leaves reduced or shorter than upper leaves. Flowering shoot very short, associated with 2 or single leafy sterile shoots (ramuli); flowers solitary, borne at furcation of branchlets; pedicels 4–10 mm long, with 2 bracts ca. 1 mm long at base. Calyx of membranaceous tepals, 1.5–2 mm long, shallowly lobed; lobes 3, semicircular, 0.5–1 mm long. Stamens 3, protandrous, 2–4 mm long including anthers, distinctly longer than ovary; filaments tenuous, drooping when anthers withered; anthers ca. 1 mm long, purple, sagittate. Ovaries single, oblong-ellipsoid, 1.5–2 mm long, ca. 1 mm thick, 3-locular; ovules 5–7 per locule; stigmas 3, separate, totally opened after anthers withered, to 1 mm long, purple, distinctly multi-furcate, branchlets filamentous. Capsules stalked (stalks 5–10 mm long), dark brown, oblong-obovoid, 1.5–2 mm long, ca. 1 mm thick, trigonous, ribs 9; calyx lobes persistent.

Distribution and habitat: — Terniopsis daoyinensis is only known from the type location, Hainan, China. It grows on rocks in valley streams, usually grows together with Cladopus yinggelingensis .

Phenology: —Flowering and fruiting in March–April.

Comparison:— Terniopsis daoyinensis is easily recognized by its long (up to 1 mm) and distinctly multi-furcate stigmas, whereas most other congeneric species of Terniopsis usually have very short (generally less than 0.5 mm, some may larger), cristate stigmas (some may be laciniate, simple, or filiform). T. daoyinensis is similar to, but different from, T. ubonensis , a remarkable species from Thailand, by having wide and ribbon-like roots (1–3 mm vs. 2–10 mm), long ramuli (3–30 mm vs. 10–90 mm), long pedicels (4–10 mm vs. 7–15 mm), long stamens (2–4 mm vs. 5–6 mm), and larger stigmas (up to 1 mm vs. 0.5–0.7 mm).Several characteristics of all other known congeneric species of Terniopsis also have been compared ( Table 2).

Etymology: —The epithet daoyinensis derive from the Daoyin village in the Yinggeling National Nature Reserve. This village has been chosen to be the model village for community works on environmental education conducting by the cooperation of Yinggeling National Nature Reserve Bureau and the Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden.

Figures

FIGURE. 2. A–H. T. daoyinensis (From the holotype). A. & B. Roots with young shoots. C. Flower with vegetative ramuli. D. Flower with 3 stamens and immature stigmas. E. Flower with stamens and mature stigmas. F. Flower with withered stamens and mature stigmas. G. Fruit. H. Ovule.

FIGURE. 3. A–F. Cladopus yinggelingensis. A. Roots. B. Flowering shoots. C. Fruiting shoots. D. tufts of leaves. E. bubbles covering the anthers and stigmas. F. Pollens. G–L. T. daoyinensis. G. Roots with flowering shoots. H. Flowers with unopened stamens. I. Flowers with withered stamens and mature stigmas. J. flowering shoots and vegetative ramuli. K. Fruits. L. Pollen.