Upogebia tipica ( Nardo, 1869 )

Ngoc-Ho, Nguyen, 2003, European and Mediterranean Thalassinidea (Crustacea, Decapoda), Zoosystema 25 (3), pp. 439-555 : 536-540

Upogebia tipica ( Nardo, 1869)

( Figs 36 ; 37 )

Bigea tipica Nardo, 1869: 317 , pl. 13, fig. 4. — Borradaile 1903: 544.

Upogebia gracilipes de Man, 1927: 40 , figs 15, 15a- d. — Balss 1936: 15. — Bouvier 1940: 110, fig. 73. — Zariquiey Alvarez 1946: 107, 108, pl. 5 figs a, d. — *Bourdillon-Casanova 1960: 109.

Upogebia littoralis – ° Gottlieb 1953: 440.

Upogebia tipica – Holthuis & Gottlieb 1958: 65. — Picard 1965: 114. — Zariquiey Alvarez 1968: 231. — Števčić °1969: 128; 1979: 282; 1985: 313; 1990: 216. — de Saint Laurent 1971: 1261. — Kattoulas & Koukouras 1974: 346. — * Thiriot 1976: 350. — Beaubrun 1979: 79, figs 53, 54. — Monchartmont 1979: 73. — Manning & Števčić 1982: 296. — Cottiglia 1983: 78. — García Raso 1983: 320. — Thessalou-Legaki & Zenetos 1985: 311. — Thessalou-Legaki 1986: 182. — Dworschak 1987c: pl. 3, fig. 11; 1992: 226, fig. 18b, d-f. — Lewinsohn & Holthuis 1986: 25. — ° Koukouras et al. 1992: 223. — Noël 1992: 83. — ° Froglia 1995: 8. — Falciai

& Minervini 1996: 149, 1 fig. — d’Udekem d’Acoz 1996: 60; 1999: 158. — °Pancucci-Papadopoulou et al. 1999: 393. — Atkinson et al. 1998: 94, fig. 2. — *González-Gordillo et al. 2001: 279. — ° Türkay 2001: 289.

TYPE MATERIAL. — Whereabouts unknown.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — France. Banyuls, 30 m, J.-M. Amouroux coll., 26.III.1998, 1 cl 14 mm, tl. 38 mm (figured) and 4 cl. 11-14.5 mm ; 1 cl. 11.5 mm, tl. 34 mm (figured) and 2 cl. 11 mm ( MNHN Th 1319) ; 7.II.1996, 27.5 m, 6 juv. cl. 3.5- 6 mm, 6 cl. 8-11 mm, 7 cl. 7.5- 9 mm ( MNHN Th 1336) ; P. Noël coll., 30 m, on coarse grit, VI.1976, 6 cl. 8-11.5 mm, 16 (15 ovig.) cl. 10-14 mm ( MNHN Th 1337) ; sewage, 9.VI.1976, 15 cl. 8.5- 14 mm, 14 (12 ovig.) cl. 9- 14.5 mm ( MNHN Th 641). —? Banyuls, Thiriot coll., 7 cl. 9-12 mm, 1 ovig. cl. 10 mm ( MNHN Th 1338). —? Banyuls , 1 cl. 12.5 mm ( MNHN Th 671). — Cap Béar, 60-70 m, J. Forest coll., 18.V.1955, 1 cl. 10.5 mm ( MNHN Th 644). — N of Cap Béar, 42°31’22”N, 3°8’15”E, 5.IV.1951, don. Laboratoire Arago, 22, 16

(2 ovig.) ( RMNH D 27236).

Spain. Near Massina, N of Cadaqués, leg. L. B. Holthuis, 28.VII.1955, 1 ( RMNH D 28188 ).

Adriatic. Parenzan coll., 1 cl. 13.5 mm, tl. 37.5 mm (figured) and 5 cl. 11-12 mm, 1 ovig.

cl. 12 mm, tl. 35 mm (figured) and 2 ovig.

cl. 10 and 11.5 mm (MNHN Th 52).

Slovenia. Piran, Mus. Vindob. coll. (type specimen of Upogebia gracilipes de Man, 1927 ), 1 cl. 14.2 mm, tl. 41 mm (figured) ( NHMW 304).

Croatia. W side of island Marjan at Split, 10-50 m, excursion Leiden Biologists, 15. VI.1962, 1 ( RMNH D 19195).

Italy. Naples, J. Doerjes leg., 2 juv. cl. 3 and 5 mm ( SMF 28321). — Triest , Stp. 1860, tra studioamlingen, 10.XI.1917, 1, 1 cl. 11 mm ( ZMUC 2705 ). — Thor, stn 27, 40°58’N, 13°49’W, 25 m, 1 cl. 7.5 mm ( ZMUC 2709 ). — Golf of Taranto, 35 m, sand and mud, A. Vatova, 3.VIII.1966, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 23834 ) ; 23 m, sand, 7.VIII.1966, 1 ( RMNH D 23835 ) ; 44 m, sand and mud, 15.IX.1966, 1 ( RMNH D 23836 ) .

Israel. Haifa Bay, dredge, 92 m, E. Gottlieb, 19.VIII.1955, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 13596 ) ; bottomgrab, 55 m, 19.VIII.1955, 2 juv. ( RMNH D 13597 ) ; dredge, 21.IX.1955, 1 ( RMNH D 13598 ) ; bottomgrab, 42 m, 18.VIII.1955, 1 young ( RMNH D 13599 ) ; 38 m, 18.VIII.1955, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 13600 ) ; bottomgrab, 47 m, E. Gilat, 23.VII.1956, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 19197). — Herzliya , bottomgrab, 90 m, A. Wirszubski, 24. VI.1947, 1 ovig. ( RMNH D 13601 ) ; 58 m, 19.IX.1947, 1 ( RMNH D 13602 ) ; dredge, 54 m, 24. VI.1947, 1, 1 ovig. ( RMNH D 13603 ) ; 67 m, 14.XII.1949, 1 ( RMNH D 13604 ) ; 45 m, 29.VIII.1947, 1 ovig. ( RMNH D 13605 ). — Gaza , dredge, 54 m, A. Wirszubski, 15.XI.1947, 1 ( RMNH D 13607 ) ; bottomgrab, 56 m, 31.IX.1947, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 13608 ). — Nabi Rubin , dredge, 138 m, A. Wirszubski, 24. V.1949, 1 spec. ( RMNH D 13609 ) ; bottomgrab, 90 m, 30.IX.1947, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 13610 ). — Nabi Junis , bottomgrab, 54 m, A. Wirszubski, 20. VI.1947, 1 ovig. ( RMNH D 13611 ) ; 90 m, 14.XII.1949, 1 ( RMNH D 13612 ). — Tel Aviv, dredge, 45 m, A. Wirszubski, 30.XI.1948, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 13613) ; bottomgrab, 53 m, 14.XI.1947, 1 ( RMNH D 13614). — Kefar Vitkin , bottomgrab, 54 m, A. Wirszubski, 13.XI.1947, 1, 2 juv. ( RMNH D 13615) ; 235 m, 13.XI.1947, 1 ( RMNH D 13616). — Rafah , dredge, 90 m, A. Wirszubski, 21. VI.1947, 1 ovig. cl. 6.5 mm ( RMNH D 13617) ; 54 m, 22. VI.1947, 1 ( RMNH D 13618). — Caesarea , dredge, 72 m, A. Wirszubski, 1.IX.1948, 1 ovig. ( RMNH D 13619) ; bottomgrab, 54 m, 19.IX.1947, 1 ovig. ( RMNH D 13620). — Athlit, bottomgrab, 137 m, E. Gottlieb, 13.IX.1951, 1 juv. ( RMNH D 13621). — Nahariya, bottomgrab, 54 m, A. Wirszubski, 11.XI.1947, 1 spec. ( RMNH D 13622). — Ascalon, bottomgrab, 46 m, E. Gottlieb, 10.IX.1951, 1 ( RMNH D 13623). — Coast of Israel , S of Tel Aviv, 50 fms, dredge, E. Gilat, 2.XI.1961, 1 ( RMNH D 19196) .

DISTRIBUTION. — Mediterranean: Adriatic Sea ( Nardo 1869; de Man 1927; Števčić 1969; Manning & Števčić 1982; Dworschak 1992); coast of Israel (Holthuis & Gotlieb 1958); Greek seas ( Kattoulas & Koukouras 1974; Thessalou-Legaki & Zenetos 1985; Thessalou-Legaki 1986; Koukouras et al. 1992); Cyprus ( Lewinsohn & Holthuis 1986); Italy: Naples, Trieste; France: Banyuls, Cap Béar.

DIAGNOSIS

Rostrum ( Figs 36A ; 37C ) obtuse distally, 1.5-2.2 times as long as wide at base, with six to nine teeth on lateral border; anterolateral border of carapace with a spine (rarely two) ( Fig. 36B ); telson ( Fig. 36H ) approximately quadrate, lateral border convex, posterior border slightly concave medially.

A1 and A2 peduncle ( Fig. 36B ) with spine on lower margin of article 1 and 3 respectively. Md with large mesio-anterior pointed tooth. Mxp1 without epipod, Mxp3 with epipod.

P1 slightly stouter in male ( Fig. 36E, F ) than in female ( Fig. 36C, D ). Ischium with one or two spines on lower border. Merus with upper subdistal spine, seven to 12 spines on two-thirds or whole lower margin and spinules distally. Carpus with mesial upper distal spine and lower distal spine. Propodus slender, about 2.5-4 times as long as wide; lateral surface with median distal spine near cutting edge of dactylus; mesial surface with row of two to five upper spines including subdistal one and upper distal spine near articulation with dactylus; cutting edge of fixed finger smooth or with small denticles. Dactylus 2.5-4 times as long as fixed finger, cuting edge smooth or with round teeth.

P2 ( Fig. 37H ) with upper subdistal spine, one or two lower spinules on merus; carpus with upper and lower distal spine. P3 ( Fig. 37I ) with one to three lower spines on merus; carpus with lower distal spine. Small coxal spine on P1 and P2. Basipod of uropod ( Fig. 36G, H ) with spinule hanging over endopod; exopod 1.3-1.5 times as long as distal width, with proximal spine.

Colour

Similar to U. pusilla , with small spots of brownish red (Dworschak pers. comm.).

Size

Largest specimens in material examined: cl. 12- 14.5 mm, tl. 35-42 mm.

ECOLOGY

In the Adriatic, U. tipica prefers muddy bottoms below 9 m ( Dworschak 1992). In the Patras Gulf, it was found in substrates with high percentages of mud and also in Posidonia meadows (Thessalou- Legaki & Zenetos 1985). It was collected from the infralittoral zone, in the Evvoia coast and Evvoia Gulf, at 5-50 m depth, in a bottom consisting of mud or mud mixed with sand ( Kattoulas & Koukouras 1974). Abundant populations are found near Banyuls, at 25-30 m depth, in bottom with sand or grit (Amouroux pers. comm.).

Its burrow structure on Squilla grounds was reported by Atkinson et al. (1998), also by Dworschak (1987c: pl. 3, fig. 11).

VARIATIONS AND REMARKS

This species, so far reported from the Mediterranean only, presents certain variations and the first two are more pronounced between populations from the eastern and western part: 1) the length and spinulation of rostrum (it is longer and with more teeth in eastern specimens); 2) P1 slenderness (the ratio of the propodus length/width is 3-4 in the east, 2.5- 3 in the west); 3) P1 propodus is sometimes with a lateral longitudinal smooth crest near the upper border; 4) or with spinules among the mesial upper spines ( Fig. 37G ); 5) the lower distal spine is exceptionally missing on the left P1 carpus of U. gracilipes type ( MNW 304, Fig. 37A, B ) and present on the right appendage; 6) the dactylus and fixed finger cutting edge is unarmed or bearing small teeth; and 7) the uropodal exopod has a lateral distal spinule or lacks it.

Upogebia tipica and U. pusilla are similar in having: 1) the antero-lateral border of carapace with a spine; 2) A1 and A2 peduncles bear a lower distal spine on article 1 and 3; and 3) the morphology and spinulation of P2 and P3.

Their differentiation, nevertheless, posed no problems to Dworschak (1992) who studied materials from the Adriatic. The two can be separated by the length of the rostrum, the morphology and spinulation of the P1. They are more similar in western Mediterranean and a great overlap exists in the length/width ratio of the P1 propodus. In areas where both are present, e.g., in Banyuls, France (comparing Fig. 33 D-H with Fig. 37 C- G), the following characters can help set them apart: 1) the rostrum is over 1.5 times as long as wide at base with six to eight teeth on each lateral border in U. tipica (less than 1.5 times as long as wide with four or five teeth on each lateral border in U. pusilla ); 2) P1 merus bears spines and spinules on two-thirds or the whole lower margin in U. tipica (with three to six spines and spinules on proximal half of the lower margin in U. pusilla ); 3) P1 propodus bears a longitudinal upper row of two to four spines on mesial surface and an upper mesial subdistal and distal spine; there is no mesial distal spine near the cutting edge of dactylus, no longitudinal upper smooth crest on the lateral surface in U. tipica (with upper longitudinal tuberculate or spinous crest on mesial surface, upper mesial subdistal, distal spine and median distal spine near cuting edge of dactylus; upper lateral longitudinal smooth crest often present in U. pusilla ); and 4) the telson is approximately quadrate, with the uropodal exopod longer than its distal width in U. tipica (telson is wider than long, with uropodal exopod about as long as its distal width in U. pusilla ).

It can be added that U. tipica prefers deeper water than U. pusilla ( Picard 1965; Thessalou-Legaki & Zenetos 1985; Dworschak 1992).

Figures

FIG. 36. — Upogebia tipica (Nardo, 1869) from Adriatic (MNHN Th 52); A, B, E, F,; C, D, G-I,; A, B, anterior part of carapace, dorsal and lateral view; C, F, pereopod 1; D, E, distal articles of pereopod 1, mesial view; G, I, uropods; H, telson and uropods. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIG. 37. — Upogebia tipica (Nardo, 1869); A, B, type specimen of Upogebia gracilipes de Man, 1927, from Slovenia (NHMW 304); C-G, from Banyuls, France (MNHN Th 1319); C-E,; F, G,; H, I, from Adriatic (MNHN Th 52); A, D, F, pereopod 1; C, anterior part of carapace; B, E, G, distal articles of pereopod 1, mesial view; H, I, pereopod 2 and 3. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIG. 33. — Upogebia pusilla (Petagna, 1792); A, B, from Oléron, France (MNHN Th 1317), pereopod 2 and 3; C, from Italy (MNHN Th 1318); D, E, H, from Banyuls, France (MNHN Th 622); F, G, from Banyuls (MNHN Th 621); C, D, F, pereopod 1; E, G, distal articles of pereopod 1, mesial view; H, anterior part of carapace. Scale bars: 2 mm.