Actinopus castelo, Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020

Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020, Taxonomic Revision of the Spider Genus Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae), Megataxa 2 (1), pp. 1-256 : 16-18

Actinopus castelo sp. nov.

Figs 10–12 , Map 1

Type material. BRAZIL. Holotype male from 05º 13’ 48.8” S 41º 41’ 59.0” W, Fazenda Bonito, ECB Rochas Ornamentais, Castelo do Piauí, Piauí, Brazil, 12.ii.2006, F. S. Rodrigues leg. ( MPEG 22277 ) . Paratypes: BRAZIL. Piauí: Castelo do Piauí, ECB Rochas Ornamentais, Fazenda Bonito , Plot Cerrado Rupestre , 05º 13’ 48.8” S 41º 41’ 59.0” W, 10♂, 12.ii.2006, F. S. Rodrigues leg. ( MPEG 2400 , 1 ♂ removed for SEM); Plot Campo Sujo, 05º 14’ 07.1” S 41º 41’ 16.3” W, 9♂, 10.ii.2006, F. S. Rodrigues leg. ( MPEG 2399 ); Caracol, Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusıes, Plote PPBio Semiárido, 09° 13’ 16” S 43° 29’ 21” W, 1♂, x.2006, P. R. R. Silva et al. leg. ( CHNUFPI 202 ) . Bahia: Paulo Afonso, Estaç „o Ecológica Raso da Catarina , 09° 39’ 58.1” S 38° 28’ 15.1” W, 4♂, 22–23.v.2012, I. L. F. Magalh „es & J. L. Chavari leg. ( UFMG 11681 ); 5♂, 22–23. V.2012, I. L. F. Magalhães & J. L. Chavari leg. ( IBSP 162680 ) .

Etymology. The specific name is an noun in apposition derived from the type locality name.

Diagnosis. Males of A. castelo differ from those of all other species of the genus, except A. tarsalis ( Fig. 9 A–C, see Miglio et al., 2012, figs 1–12), by the copulatory bulb without BTA and by the robust embolar base, inserted basally at a right angle (90°); embolar apex flattened and expanded, arrow-shaped in dorsal view ( Fig. 12 A–C). They differ from those of A. tarsalis by the PAc developed in prolateral view of embolus, tegulum thinner, PA less conspicuous and by the presence of a large scutum covering almost all the dorsal surface of abdomen ( Fig. 10 A ).

MALE ( MPEG 22277 ): Total length 9.75; Carapace , long 5.25; wide 5.12. Carapace anterior part tapering. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved ( Fig. 10 B ). With five short bristles between AME and clypeus; two bristles between ALEALP and many short and weak bristles between posterior eyesfovea and lateral eyes-edge of carapace. Sternum with eight sigilla fused medially, two distal sigilla more fused than others ( Fig. 10 C ). Rastellum protuberant, inverted V-shaped, hirsute, without spines in apex ( Fig. 10 E, F ). Chelicerae with nine denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row with five megateeth. Retrolateral row with six megateeth ( Fig. 10 D ). Patella and tibia III with distal crown of well-developed thorns, on two articles, interrupted in middle ( Fig. 11 A, B ). Patellae III and IV with spines on prolaterodorsal face ( Fig. 11 A, C ). Tibia IV without spines on dorsal surface and with two visible rows of trichobothria ( Fig. 11 D ). Ventral pseudoscopulae occupies 50% of tarsus I, 40% of II and 100% of III and IV. Pseudoscopula on tarsi I and II with setae spaced, forming diffuse group of bristles; on tarsi III and IV, compact. Carapace , chelicerae, sternum, coxae, trochanters, femora, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi yellowish-brown; Abdomen pale brown ( Fig. 9 A ). Eyes: Diameters : PME 0.12, PLE 0.20, ALE 0.24, AME 0.28; MOQ: Length 0.72, front width 2.36, back width 2,00; Interdistances : PME–PME 1.28 , PLE–PME 0.16, AME–AME 0.16, ALE–AME 0.44, ALE–PLE 0.36, AME–PME 0.44. Ocular area : OAL 11.63, OAW 8.13, and IF 1.75. Body : Clypeus : 0.25; Fovea : 2.13; labium: long 1.13; wide 1.00; Chelicerae : long 2.375; wide 1.625; sternum: long 3.5; wide 2.875. Abdomen : long 4.75; wide 3.75. Leg measurements: I: Fe 5.625/ Pa 1.625/ Ti 3.625/ Me 4.625/ Ta 2.75/ total 18.25 . II: 5.25/ 2.25/ 3.25/ 4.75/ 2.75/ 18.25. III: 4.125 / 2.375 / 2.5/ 4.625 / 2.875 / 16.5. IV: 5.625/ 2.625/ 4.875/ 5.375/ 2.625/ 21.125. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0-0-1, d0, p0, r0; ti v2-4-6, d0, p0, r0-4-6; Me v9-14-12, d0, p2-2-2, r1- 4-3; ta v6-10-15, d0, p1-1-2, r3-5-7. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0-0-1, d0, p0, r0; ti v1-4-5, d0, p0, r0-4-6; Me v4-12-11, d0, p0-0-4, r4-2-3; ta v7-8-9, d0, p0-3-3, r2- 4-7. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d11-14-25, p0, r0-0- 3; ti v0-0-4, d1-0-14, p0-0-2, r0-0-3; Me v0-4-6, d2-2- 1, p3-2-4, r4-5-7; ta v0, d0, p2-3-5, r2-4-5; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d21-14-6, p0, r0; ti v0-0-4, d0, p0, r0; Me v7-8-11, d0, p1-1-2, r0-0-1; ta v0, d0, p0-2-5, r0-1-1. Palp: PA well developed, embolus with three small keels (PAc, PI and PS); keels evident in dorsal and prolateral views, barely visible retrolaterally. BTA absent; prolateral tegulum serrated next to base of embolus and big swelling on tegulum surface, in same direction of PA, but more dorsally ( Fig. 12 A–C).

Distribution. BRAZIL. Piauí: Castelo do Piauí and Caracol. Bahia: Paulo Afonso ( Map 1 ).

Figures

MAP 1. Distribution map of Actinopus tarsalis Perty, 1833, and Actinopus castelo sp. nov.

FIGURE 9. Actinopus tarsalis Perty, 1833 (drawings from Miglio et al., 2012), male: A–C MPEG 11717: A. Copulatory bulb, prolateral; B. Copulatory bulb, dorsal; C. Copulatory bulb, retrolateral. PA-Paraembolic apophysis; PAc-ProlateralAccessory keel; PI-Prolateral Inferior keel; PS-Prolateral Superior keel; Arrow: Serrated Area. Scale line: 1 mm.

FIGURE 10. Actinopus castelo sp. nov., paratype, male:A–F MPEG 2399: A. Abdomen, dorsal; B. Carapace, dorsal; C. Sternum, ventral; D. Cheliceral teeth, ventral; E. Rastellum, dorsal; F. Rastellum, ventral.

FIGURE 11. Actinopus castelo sp. nov., paratype, male: A–D MPEG 2399: A. Patella III, dorsal; B. Tibia III, dorsal; C. Patella IV, dorsal; D. Tibia IV, dorsal.

FIGURE 12. Actinopus castelo sp. nov., male: A–C MPEG 22277: A. Copulatory bulb, prolateral; B. Copulatory bulb, dorsal; C. Copulatory bulb, retrolateral. PA-Paraembolic apophysis; PAc-Prolateral Accessory keel; PI-Prolateral Inferior keel; PS-Prolateral Superior keel; Arrows: Serrated Area. Scale line: 1 mm.