Disholandricus truckeensis ( Ashmead, 1896 ) Melika & Pujade-Villar & Nicholls & Cuesta-Porta & Stone, 2021

Melika, George, Pujade-Villar, Juli, Nicholls, James A., Cuesta-Porta, Victor & Stone, Graham N., 2021, Three new Nearctic genera of oak cynipid gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini): Burnettweldia Pujade-Villar, Melika & Nicholls, Nichollsiella Melika, Pujade-Villar & Stone, Disholandricus Melika, Pujade-Villar & Nicholls; and re-establishment of the genus Paracraspis Weld, Zootaxa 4993 (1), pp. 1-81 : 61-64

Disholandricus truckeensis ( Ashmead, 1896) , comb. nov.

Figs 183–192 , 194–195

Holcaspis truckeensis Ashmead, 1896: 127 , female, gall.

Disholcaspis truckeensis (Ashmead) : Weld, 1951: 640.

Andricus truckeensis (Ashmead) : Dailey & Menke, 1980: 172.

Types examined. Holotype female labeled as „No 731 Cynips Trucken Cal. Dec. 6.80”, „ Holcaspis truckeensis Ashm. ”, red label „Type No. 3080 USNM ”, „ Lectotype Holcaspis truckeensis Ashmead, D.C. Dailey. desig. A.S. Menke ”, deposited in the USNM (http://n 2t.net/ark:/65665/32fea807f-08c9-4f12-a2b9-fb8975a9bbd9), examined by GM.

Material examined. Three females: one female labelled as „Pine Canyon, Calif. A. Koebele ”, „ Disholcaspis truckeensis (Ashm.) det. L. Weld ” ; one female „ S. Bernardino, 7000’ Cal. Gall 10.23.38”, „ Q. chrysolepis , female 12.1.38, coll. A.W. Ebelling ”, „ Disholcaspis truckeensis (Ashm.) , det. Burnett ” ; one female „Idillwild, Cal.”, „1222”, „ Disholcaspis truckeensis det. Weld ”. One female labelled as „ USA, California, Shiell Gulch campground, CA1051 , galltype 122, Q. chrysolepis ; leg. J.A. Nicholls , 2008.04.01.”, deposited in the collection of PHDNRL .

Diagnosis. Disholandricus truckeensis most closely resembles D. lasius . In D. truckeensis the head is transverse in frontal view, the gena strongly broadened behind the eye and ocelli are elevated above the vertex in frontal view; the head is around 3.0x as broad as long in dorsal view; LOL only slightly longer than the diameter of lateral ocellus ( Figs 183–186 ); mesoscutellar foveae are rounded, as broad as high ( Fig. 191 ); the metasoma is shorter than high in lateral view ( Fig. 192 ); the radial cell of the forewing is 4.8x as long as broad while in D. lasius the head is rounded in frontal view, the gena is slightly broadened behind the eye and ocelli are not elevated above the vertex in frontal view; the head is 2.0x as broad as long in dorsal view; LOL 2.0x as long as the diameter of the lateral ocellus ( Figs 154–157 ); mesoscutellar foveae are transverse, at least 2.0x as broad as high ( Fig. 162 ); the metasoma is longer than high in lateral view ( Fig. 164 ); the radial cell of the forewing is short, less than 4.0x as long as broad.

Description. Asexual female ( Figs 183–192 ). Head, mesosoma, metasoma, legs uniformly reddish brown. Antenna reddish brown, in some specimens darker than rest of body.

Head microreticulate, transverse, with white setae, denser on vertex, interocellar area, 2.9x as broad as long in dorsal view; 1.4x as broad as high in frontal view, broader than mesosoma. Gena reticulate, broadened behind eye in frontal view; uniformly broadened behind eye, as broad as transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space reticulate, without striae and sulcus; eye 2.1x as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. Ocelli elevated above vertex in frontal view; POL 1.2x as long as OOL; OOL 1.9x as long as diameter of lateral ocellus, 1.9x as long as LOL; ocelli ovate, all three equal in size. Transfacial distance 1.3x as long as height of eye and 1.5x as long as height of lower face (distance between antennal rim and ventral margin of clypeus); toruli level with upper half of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 1.5x as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye margin 1.1x as long as diameter of torulus. Lower face and median, slightly elevated area microreticulate, without striae, with white setae. Clypeus rectangular, flat, slightly broader than high, delicately coriaceous, ventrally rounded, emarginate, not incised medially; anterior tentorial pit deep, epistomal sulcus and clypeopleurostomal line distinct, broad. Frons, interocellar area and area between toruli microreticulate; vertex, occiput, postgena and postocciput microreticulate; postocciput around occipital foramen impressed, smooth, glabrous, with delicate parallel striae above occipital foramen; posterior tentorial pits large, deep, elongate; height of oral foramen slightly shorter than height of postgenal bridge+occipital foramen; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus; postgenal sulci V-shaped, gradually bent outwards; postgenal bridge smooth, glabrous, anteriorly broader than width of occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres, all flagellomeres with long dense setae; pedicel slightly longer than broad, F1 longer than length of scape+pedicel, and 1.3x as long as F2, F2 as long as F3, F3 slightly longer than F4, F5 slightly longer than F6, all subsequent flagellomeres nearly equal in length; placodeal sensilla on F5–F12.

Mesosoma longer than high in lateral view. Pronotum delicately reticulate, without striae laterally, with white setae, denser in lateroventral part, emarginate and foveolate along lateral edge. Propleuron reticulate in ventral and lateral parts, smooth, glabrous in central part, with sparse white setae. Mesoscutum uniformly reticulate, with piliferous points; with uniformly distributed white sparse setae, denser in anterior half of mesoscutum and along notauli; longer than broad (width measured across base of tegulae). Notauli complete, reaching pronotum, with smooth, glabrous bottom, more impressed in posterior 2/3, less impressed in anterior 1/3, converging posteriorly. Anterior parallel line indistinct, slightly impressed, marked by smooth narrow stripe, extending to 1/4 of mesoscutum length. Parapsidal line not impressed, indicated by smooth stripe, extending to 1/2 of mesoscutum length; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina narrow, extending anteriorly to pronotum. Transscutal articulation deep, distinct. Mesoscutellum longer than broad, with subparallel sides, posteriorly rounded; shorter than mesoscutum, uniformly coriaceous, overhanging metanotum; mesoscutellar foveae rounded, as broad as high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, divided by narrow median elevated carina. Mesopleuron, including speculum, delicately microreticulate, glabrous, with sparse setae; mesopleural triangle smooth, with white setae and some delicate irregular short rugae. Metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at less than half its height, lower part of sulcus delimiting triangular coriaceous area without setae, upper part of sulcus indistinct, delimiting very narrow area; dorsal and lateral axillar areas delicately coriaceous, with dense setae; axillar carina broad, with longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar triangular, smooth, glabrous, at its most posterior end slightly shorter than the height of metanotal trough. Metascutellum delicately coriaceous, as high as the height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, with white setae and indistinct longitudinal parallel rugae. Lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent slightly outwards in posterior third, reaching anterior edge of propodeum; central propodeal area smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal area with dense white setae and piliferous points; nucha short, with longitudinal sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with acute basal lobe.

Forewing longer than body, with light brown veins, margin with dense cilia; radial cell opened, 5.0x as long as broad, R1 and Rs not reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, delimited by indistinct veins; Rs+M indistinct, visible on 2/3 of the distance between areolet and basalis, its projection reaching basalis slightly above half its height.

Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; second metasomal tergum smooth, glabrous with a few white setae anterolaterally, extending to 1/2 of metasoma length dorsally; subsequent terga and hypopygium smooth, glabrous, without setae; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium as long as broad, spine gradually narrowing until apex, with long setae extending far beyond apex of spine, forming a distinct tuft. Body length 3.5–3.7 mm (n = 3).

Gall. ( Figs 194–195 ). Hard, multilocular, smooth, potato-shaped stem galls, usually on terminal twigs. The gall is tan-colored when mature, slightly glossy, round- to oval-shaped, up to 60 mm long, 30 mm in diameter.

Biology. Only the asexual generation is only known, inducing galls on Q. chrysolepis ( Burks 1979) . Galls mature in autumn; adults emerge in January-February.

Distribution. USA: California ( Burks 1979).

Figures

FIGURES 183–188. Disholandricus truckeensis, comb. nov., asexual female. 183–186, head: 183, frontal view, 184, dorsal view, 185, lateral view, 186, posterior view. 187, antenna. 188, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view.

FIGURES 189–192. Disholandricus truckeensis, comb. nov., asexual female. 189, mesosoma, lateral view. 190, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 191, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 192, metasoma, lateral view.

FIGURES 193–195. Disholandricus asexual galls. 193, D. reniformis, comb. nov.. 194–195, D. truckeensis, comb. nov.:194, lateral view, 195, ventral view. Fig 193 courtesy of J. Gross.

FIGURES 154–159. Disholandricus lasius, comb. nov., asexual female. 154–157, head: 154, frontal view, 155, dorsal view, 156, lateral view, 157, posterior view. 158, antenna. 159, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view.

FIGURES 160–163. Disholandricus lasius, comb. nov., asexual female. 160, mesosoma, lateral view. 161, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 162, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 163, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view.

FIGURES 164–165. Disholandricus lasius, comb. nov., asexual female. 164–165, metasoma: 164, lateral view, 165, ventral view.