Glossoscolex (Praedrilus) itaguajensis, Bartz, Marie Luise Carolina, James, Samuel Wooster, Pasini, Amarildo & Brown, George Gardner, 2012

Bartz, Marie Luise Carolina, James, Samuel Wooster, Pasini, Amarildo & Brown, George Gardner, 2012, New earthworm species of Glossoscolex Leuckart, 1835 and Fimoscolex Michaelsen, 1900 (Clitellata: Glossoscolecidae) from Northern Paraná, Brazil, Zootaxa 3458, pp. 59-85 : 68-69

Glossoscolex (Praedrilus) itaguajensis n. sp. Bartz & James

( Fig. 1 e,f, Table 1)

Holotype. COFM BRPR 0058 adult, swamp area, sub-irrigated in Mr. Ermino Farm, Itaguajé, Paraná, Brazil; 23º35.01’S, 51º59.79’W, 261 masl, 12 May 2004, G.G. Brown and N.P. Benito colls.

Paratypes. COFM BRPR 0031 two adults (A, B), same collecting data as holotype.

Other material. MZUSP 1408 three adults, same collecting data as holotype; COFM BRPR 0119 one adult and one preclitellate and MZUSP 1409 two adults, river bank, Santo Inácio, 22º41.87’S, 51º47.65’W, 368 masl, 20 November 2005, U.F. Malacrida coll.

Etymology. The species is named for the municipality where it occurs (Itaguajé).

Description. Dimensions: Holotype 219 mm by 5.0 mm at x, 5.9 mm at clitellum, 5.2 mm at xl, 374 segments; paratypes A - 214 mm by 7.4 mm at x, 6.2 mm at clitellum, 6.1 mm at xl, 302 segments; B - 254 mm by 6.2 mm at x, 7.1 mm at clitellum, 5.6 mm at xl, 371 segments. Body cylindrical. Setae ab commence in vi but absent in xiv–xvii, cd commence in iv. Setae closely paired throughout; setal formula AA:AB:BC:CD = 12:1:7:1 at x, 15.5:1.5:7.5:1 at xxx, DD> 1/2 circumference throughout and AA narrows near male pores in both directions. Prostomium prolobous. Unpigmented. Ovipores in trailing edges in xiv, 1.9 mm apart (the same aa distance in xxiii). Genital markings diffuse ovals in xiv, xv and xvii; genital marks in xiv with a pair of midventral small slit pores, 0.15 mm apart in line of male pores. Male pores in xvi, 0.2 mm apart. Clitellum saddle shaped, xvii, xviii–xxiv, 1/2xxv ( Fig. 1 e). Nephropores not visible.

Septa 6/7–10/11, equally thick and muscular, 11/12 complete, septa 12/13/14 highly expanded with a circumesophageal barrier to make a sac, knobby outside and fuzzy inside, ovaries medial to sac. Alimentary canal with large cylindrical barrel-shaped gizzard in vi; esophagus with chevron lamellae pattern vii–ix, valvular in xiv; intestinal origin xv; typhlosole origin xv, end after ccl, tight zig-zag xv–xix, pocket fold with a straighter ventral ridge in xx–xxxiv, after xxxv simple blade, occupying 1/3 of lumen. Calciferous glands paired xii, radial-tubular type, no reservoir, with lumen, bean shaped, sessile on dorsal esophageal wall; blood vessels to gland include large branch of dorsal vessel to approximate center of each gland, two coalescing vessels from ventral gland margin to extra-esophageal vessel. Gland opening to esophagus near dorsum, large with lip along ventral margin. Holonephric, vesiculate; ducts to body wall near level of b.

Vascular system with ventral trunk, single dorsal trunk, lateral vessels in vii–ix, latero-esophageal hearts in x–xi. Extra-esophageal vessel visible near pharyngeal glands, passes along ventral-lateral face of gizzard and esophagus, ending in calciferous glands; supraesophageal vessel in x–xi.

Ovaries, ovarian funnels free in xiii adjacent to seminal vesicle tube passing through xiii; spermathecae absent. Central midventral small slit pores in xiv open inside the body wall. Male sexual system metandric, testes and funnels in single midventral subesophageal sac in xi; medial to hearts of xi pass narrow tubes to seminal vesicles; seminal vesicles expand from narrow tubes in xix, after xxii long slender and knobby, gradually narrowing on zigzag path back to xx–xxix, with parallel blood vessels on median side of longitudinal axis of vesicle; vasa deferentia large, looped to body wall, then zig-zag in the body wall muscle, join the central face of the oval muscular copulatory bulbs at level of xvi; bulbs extend over xv–xvii but occupy septally-defined space of xvi. Copulatory bulbs with hard muscular outer layer, dense, delicate glandular inner surface with small lumen leading to male pore at approximate center of bulb connection to body wall; lumen undulating in three dimensions; no transverse muscle bands crossing over bulbs.

Remarks. Glossoscolex (Praedrilus) itaguajensis is part of the Glossoscolex (Praedrilus) sub-genus defined by Righi (1971), as having preclitellar male pores. The differences between G. (P.) itaguajei and G. (P.) lutocolus are as follows, with the characteristics of the latter in parentheses: length 214–254 mm (119–185 mm), number of segments 214–254 (147–219), setae ab commence in vi but absent in xiv–xvii, cd commence in iv (setae beginning between iv and vii), setal ratios 15.5:1.5:7.5:1 (17:1:9:1), small midventral pores in xiv open inside the body wall, structures as a mesh linking septa 12/13/14 (septa bounding segment xiii with many small sacs on segment xii and xiv sides, sometimes with iridescent contents in sacs, thick white villous coating on xiii sides). Distinctions from G. (P.) tupii are largely the same as those mentioned for G. (P.) lutocolus . Glossoscolex (P.) itaguajensis has preclitellar male pores and the first clitellar segment is xvii rather than xviii. As in the remarks on G. (P.) uliginosus , this suggests that developmental control of clitellum development is linked to the male pore location in these species.

Glossoscolex (P.) itaguajensis corresponds to Glossoscolex n. sp. 22, as cited in Brown and James (2007a), Brown et al. (2008), James and Brown (2006, 2008), Fragoso and Brown (2007) and Sautter et al. (2006, 2007).

Figures

FIGURE 1. New species of Glossoscolex. A, B. Glossoscolex (Praedrilus) lutocolus n. sp. C, D. Glossoscolex (Praedrilus) uliginosus n. sp. E, F. Glossoscolex (Praedrilus) itaguajensis n. sp. FM = female pores; MP = male pores; A, C, E lateral view, B, D, F ventral view.