Palicourea tonduzii (K. Krause) A. C. Berger, 2017

Berger, Andreas, 2017, Two new combinations, lectotypifications and a new name for Costa Rican Palicourea s. l., PhytoKeys 80, pp. 53-63 : 53

Palicourea tonduzii (K. Krause) A. C. Berger comb. nov.

Cephaelis tonduzii Basionym. K. Krause, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54(3, Beibl. 119): 45-46, 1916. Non Psychotria tonduzii Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15(13): 287, 1925b.- Type: COSTA RICA. Cartago: Tuis, 650 m, Nov 1897, A. Tonduz 11461 (lectotype, designated here: fragm. F barcode V0068631F! ex B; syntype, or possibly holotype: B † [photo: F neg. BN-773!]).

Cephaelis discolor = Pol., Linnaea 41(5-6): 572-573, 1877. ≡ Uragoga angosturensis Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 954, 1891, nom. nov., non Uragoga discolor (Benth.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 960, 1891. Non Psychotria discolor (Griseb.) Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 258, 1893, nec Palicourea discolor K. Krause, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54(3, Beibl. 119): 40-41, 1916.- Type: COSTA RICA. Cartago: Angostura, Nov 1875, H. Polakowsky 384 (lectotype, designated here: fragm. F barcode V0068625F! ex B; syntype, or possibly holotype: B † [photo: F neg. BN-722!]).

Evea guapilensis = Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15(5): 104-105, 1925a. ≡ Cephaelis guapilensis (Standl.) Standl., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4(8): 295, 1929. ≡ Psychotria guapilensis (Standl.) Hammel, Selbyana 12: 139, 1991. ≡ Palicourea guapilensis (Standl.) Borhidi, Acta Bot. Hung. 59(1-2): 17, 2017a.- Type: COSTA RICA. Limón: Vicinity of Guápiles, 300-500 m, 12-13 Mar 1924, P. C. Standley 37025 (holotype: US barcode 00129829!).

Evea nana = Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15(5): 105, 1925a. ≡ Cephaelis nana (Standl.) Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17(7): 171, 1927. Type: PANAMA. Colón: Hills N of Frijoles, 19 Dec 1923, P. C. Standley 27550 (holotype: US barcode 1153871!).

Cephaelis nicaraguensis = Standl., Trop. Woods 16: 46, 1928.- Type: NICARAGUA. Atlántico Norte: Puerto Cabezas [ Bragman’s Bluff], bank of Kukalaya River, 60 m, 08 Dec 1927, F. C. Englesing 58 (holotype: F barcode V0068627F!; isotype: fragm. G barcode G00300772! ex F).

Nomenclatural remarks.

The earliest published name for the species is Cephaelis discolor but combinations under Psychotria and Palicourea are preoccupied by Psychotria discolor (Griseb.) Rolfe and Palicourea discolor K. Krause. The next available name Cephaelis tonduzii K. Krause cannot be used in Psychotria because of the earlier Psychotria tonduzii Standl. Hence, the next name Evea guapilensis Standl. was adopted and the species became known as Psychotria guapilensis (Standl.) Hammel. Recently, Borhidi (2017a) transferred the species to Palicourea and proposed the name Palicourea guapilensis (Standl.) Borhidi.

However, he overlooked that the earlier published name Cephaelis tonduzii K. Krause is still available under Palicourea and ought to have been adopted. The corresponding new combination is provided here. It is fortunate that the correct name for this showy species honors Swiss botanist Adolphe Tonduz (1862-1921), a long-term employee at the Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (CR) and one of the most prolific plant collectors in the country.

Typification.

Cephaelis tonduzii was described with reference to an entire gathering by Tonduz. Krause did not cite a particular herbarium specimen and all possible duplicates are therefore syntypes (ICN, Art. 40.2 & Note 1; see also McNeill 2014). In addition, he was based at B and his working herbarium was destroyed during World War II. Collections made by Tonduz are widely distributed and more or less complete sets are found in CR and US ( Stafleu and Cowan 1976-1988). Nevertheless, the only known original material of Cephaelis tonduzii is a fragment at F.

The fragment originates from the type at B, as shown by information given on the label. It consists of a capsule with a leaf and part of an inflorescence, which is mounted together with a photograph ("Berlin negative") of the original B specimen. The removed leaf is clearly recognizable on the photograph providing a definite link between both. Although not the best choice, the fragment at F appears to be the only extant original material and is here designated as lectotype.

A similar situation is found in Cephaelis discolor , which was based on a gathering of H. Polakowsky. Likewise, the only known original material is a fragment at F that originated from B. It consists of a leaf, some bracts and fruits in a capsule, which is mounted together with a photography of the B specimen, likewise destroyed. The fragment at F is here designated as lectotype.

Distribution.

Palicourea tonduzii is known from Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Ecuador ( Taylor 2014).