Ptychoderes virgatus Fåhraeus, 1839

Mermudes, José Ricardo M. & Napp, Dilma Solange, 2006, Revision and cladistic analysis of the genus: Ptychoderes Schoenherr, 1823 (Coleoptera, Anthribidae, Anthribinae, Ptychoderini), Zootaxa 1182 (1), pp. 1-130 : 42-44

Ptychoderes virgatus Fåhraeus, 1839

Figs. 32 , 84 , 98, 112 , 126 , 181–184 , 218 , 247 , 253 , 264

Ptychoderes virgatus Fåhraeus in Schoenherr, 1839: 157; Jekel, 1849: 10 (list.); Jekel, 1855: 64; Gemminger & Harold, 1872: 2722 (cat.); Bovie, 1906: 220 (cat.); Preudhomme, 1906: 32 (cat.); Wolfrum, 1929: 6 (cat.); Rheinheimer, 2004: 10 (cat.).

Ptychoderes virgata [sic]; Blackwelder, 1947: 725 (cat.).

Male. Vestiture ( Fig. 218 ): pale dorsal vitta with dense, appressed, whitish scales intermingled with decumbent brownish to pale­brownish scales denser on elytral interstriae 1, 2 and 4. Pygidium with predominance of brown scales. Ventral surface and legs with dense, appressed, yellowish scales, sparser on pro­ and mesosternum. Sides of prosternum, below lateral carina, with a continuous dark vitta of blackish­brown scales feebly narrowed between pleural suture and posterior margin of prothorax. Sides of mesosternum with narrow glabrous vitta. Mesepimera, episterna and sides of metasternum with shallow setigerous punctures, each provided with a brownish scale. Outer surface of meso­ and metafemora with two spots of blackish­brown scales.

Rostrum 1.2–1.3 times as long as wide across base, weakly swollen at each side of apical impressions. Distance between scrobe and eyes subequal or shorter than maximum width of eye. Sides barely depressed between two vestigial carinae, upper carina more conspicuous. Scrobes careniform at dorsal and basal margins; extension vanishing with a deep distal pit. Mentum with moderately coarse, confluent punctures; shallowly grooved at apical margin and strongly depressed at sides. Gula with sparse, fine punctures. Frons with weakly prominent carinae.

Antennae ( Fig. 218 ) either short, reaching elytral basal third to slightly longer than body, exceeding elytral apex by 2–3 segments. Segments IV to IX, depressed and deeply grooved, X grooved at base; II to IV thickening, increasing in length; V–VI subequal; VII slightly longer than each VI and VIII; IX at least 3 times as long as X; XI one third longer than X (II = 0.7–1.1; III = 0.9–2.0; IV = 1.1–2.9; V = 1.2–3.3; VI = 1.0–3.3; VII = 1.2–3.6; VIII = 1.0–3.2; IX = 1.2–2.7; X = 0.4–0.7; XI = 0.8–1.2).

Prothorax ( Figs. 32 , 218 , 247 , 253 ) as long as or longer than wide, almost parallelsided, distinctly narrower at anterior margin. Pronotal depression from shallow to slightly deep, divided by a weakly prominent, more or less transverse tubercle reaching lateral margins of depression. Pronotum rugose throughout, more so on tubercle and near lateral carinae, less so inside depression. Antebasal carina interrupted at middle (at least twice width of carina), oblique towards lateral carina. Lateral carina slightly sinuous. Secondary carina straight, narrowly interrupted at middle, almost reaching second lateral carina. Laterobasal carina reaching posterior margin of prothorax. Prosternum ( Fig. 253 ) raised, with dense, deep, coarse punctures; antecoxal furrow deep, wide, anterior margin curved, without median projection. Mesosternum with moderately coarse, shallow, irregularly sparse punctures, and a deep, irregularly transverse impression near intercoxal process. Intercoxal process of mesosternum longitudinally impressed, not swollen at lateral and apical margins, with evident lateroapical projections. Elytra 2.1–2.2 times as long as wide across humeri, depressed at basal two thirds, convex at apical third; basal gibbosities weakly prominent; surface rugose from base to middle of elytra, more so at base, less so near suture. Sides subparallel, barely convergent apically from basal third. Anteapical tubercles absent, interstriae 3 to 9 barely swollen. Wings without radial cell.

Abdomen. Intercoxal process of ventrite I deeply grooved; sex patch absent. Ventrite V not depressed on disk, slightly emarginated at apex. Pygidium slightly wider than long, depressed, with an elongate groove to fit elytra, rounded­truncate at apex.

Terminalia. Tergite VIII ( Fig. 84 ) as wide as long, strongly convergent at apical two thirds, rounded at apex; sternite VIII ( Fig. 98 ) with sides convergent, apical margin rounded with well defined lateral lobes, apodeme vestigial; apodeme of sternite IX ( Fig. 112 ) 3.5 times as long as arms. Tegmen ( Fig. 126 ) rounded at apex. Aedeagus ( Figs. 181–184 ) without arc between apodemes; tectum ( Fig. 182 ) curved at proximal margin, acuminate at apex; pedon ( Figs. 181, 183 ) with body slightly curved, thickened apically; apodemes straight, oblique at proximal 1/5. Internal sac ( Fig. 181 ) slightly longer than aedeagus, spiculated medially, denser ventrally, lateral membrane with pigmented rods; antemedian sclerites narrow, weakly pigmented ( Fig. 184 ).

Female. Rostrum slightly shorter, 1.0–1.1 times as long as wide across base; extension of scrobe shallow. Antennae either reaching or exceeding the posterior margin of prothorax by one segment; segment IX grooved, X strongly impressed at base; II–III subequal in length; IV slightly longer than V; V to VIII subequal; IX and XI subequal and slightly longer than X (II = 0.4–0.7; III = 0.5–0.8; IV = 0.7–1.0; V = 0.6–0.8; VI = 0.5–0.7; VII = 0.5–0.7; VIII = 0.4–0.6; IX = 0.7–1.0; X = 0.4–0.5; XI = 0.7–1.0). Elytra slightly more convex. Ventrite V sparsely, minutely granulate, truncate at apex. Pygidium longer than broad, rounded at apex. Terminalia similar to that of P. jordani ( Figs. 189–192 ) differing by tergite VIII with sides subparallel, and sternite VIII emarginate at apex.

Measurements, in mm, male/female, respectively. TL = 12.7–19.7/12.3–19.7; RL = 1.9–3.2/1.2–1.6; RAW = 1.7–2.4/1.2–1.5; RBW = 1.5–2.3/1.1–1.4; HW = 1.9–3.0/ 1.8–3.0; DSO = 0.7–1.6/0.5–0.8; MLO = 1.3–1.5/1.2–1.8; PL = 3.3–5.0/3.2–5.0; PW = 3.3–4.8/3.2–4.8; EL = 8.2–12.3/7.8–13.1; EW = 3.7–5.7/3.7–5.8.

Type material

Female holotype, not examined, deposited in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm ( NHRS). Type locality: according to Fåhraeus in Schoenherr (1839), the species was based on a single female from Cayenne ( French Guiana) .

Remarks See remarks under P. depressus .

Distribution ( Fig. 264 )

FRENCH GUIANA, BRAZIL (Amapá, Rondônia, Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso) and BOLIVIA. Recorded to Peru by Rheinheimer (2004).

Material examined

FRENCH GUIANA. Cayenne, 1 F ( NHMB) . BRAZIL. Amapá: Ilha de Maracá, 1 M (no date), Benton leg. (in malaise) ( INPA); Serra do Navio (assentamento), 6 M, 2 F , X.1996, 1 M, X.1997, 1 F, X.1999, Magno leg. ( MNRJ); Porto Grande ( Nova Colina , assentamento), 1 F , I.2001, Magno leg. ( MNRJ). Rondônia: Ouro Preto d’Oeste , 1 M , X.1996, Magno & Becker leg. ( MNRJ). Amazonas: Rio Autaz, 1 F, Roman leg. ( BMNH); Manaus , 1 M, 1 F , X.1957, 1 F, XI .1957, Elias & Roppa leg., 1 F, VII .1958 , Fernandes leg. ( MNRJ). Pará : Óbidos. 1 M, 1 F, II.1923, H. C. Boy leg., 2 M, XII.1938, (collector illegible), 1 F, I.1954, Brazilino leg., 1 F, IX .1955, Oliveira leg. ( MNRJ), 1 F, IV.1960, Dirings leg., 1 F, VIII .1968 (no leg.) ( MZSP), (Colônia Rio Branco ), 3 M, XII.1952, Teles leg., 2 M, VIII.1953, 2 M, 4 F, X.1953, Bazilino leg., 4 M, 1 F, IX .1953, 1 M, X.1953, Oliveira leg. ( MNRJ), Jacareacanga , 1 F, XII .1968, Alvarenga leg. ( MNRJ), Tucurui , 1 F , I.1983, Silva leg. ( MNRJ). Mato Grosso: Diamantino (Alto Rio Arinos ), 1 M , X.1983, Becker, Roppa & Silva leg. ( MNRJ); Sinop ( Faz. Teles ), 2 M , X.1974, 2 M, 2 F, X.1976, Silva leg., (12°31’ S, 55°37’W, BR 163 , Km 500–600, 350 m), 2 F, IX .1974, 2 M, 1 F, IX .1976 , Alvarenga & Roppa leg. ( MNRJ – MZSP); Vera (12°46’S, 55°36’ W), 1 M, 2 F, X.1973, Alvarenga & Roppa leg. ( MNRJ) . BOLIVIA. La Paz: Reyes (Rio Beni),1 M, 1891, Balzan leg. ( BMNH) .

Figures

FIGURES 24–36. 24–30. Ptychoderes nebulosus. 24, labrum, dorsal; 25, left mandible, dorsal; 26, right mandible, dorsal; 27, left mandible, ventral; 28, maxilla, ventral; 29, labium, ventral; 30, proendosternite. Figs. 31–33, prothorax, lateral. 31, Hypselotropis annulicornis; 32, Ptychoderes virgatus; 33, P. nebulosus. Figs. 34–35, P. nebulosus. 34, mesoscutum and scutellum; 35, meso­ and metasternum ventral; 36, idem lateral. ac= antebasal carina; lbc=laterobasal carina; lc=lateral carina; sc=secondary carina. Figures 24–29, 30–33, 35–36, respectively, in the same scale; scales bar = 1mm.

FIGURES 70–84. Eighth tergite, male, dorsal. 70, Hypselotropis annulicornis; 71, Ptychoderes mixtus; 72, P. bivittatus; 73, P. callosus; 74, P. rugicollis; 75, P. viridanus; 76, P. antiquus; 77, P. elongatus; 78, P.nebulosus; 79, P. longicollis; 80, P.jordani; 81, P. obsoletus; 82, P. magnus; 83, P. depressus; 84, P. virgatus; scale bar = 1mm.

FIGURES 85–112. 85–98, eighth sternite, male, ventral. 85, Ptychoderes mixtus; 86, P. bivittatus; 87, P. callosus; 88, P. rugicollis; 89, P. viridanus; 90, P. antiquus; 91, P. elongatus; 92, P. nebulosus; 93, P. longicollis; 94, P. jordani; 95, P. obsoletus; 96, P. magnus; 97, P. depressus; 98, P. virgatus. 99–112, ninth sternite, male, ventral. 99, Ptychoderes mixtus; 100, P. bivittatus; 101, P. callosus; 102, P. rugicollis; 103, P. viridanus; 104, P. antiquus; 105, P. elongatus; 106, P.nebulosus; 107, P. longicollis; 108, P. jordani; 109, P. obsoletus; 110, P. magnus; 111, P. depressus; 112, P. virgatus; scale bar = 1mm.

FIGURES 113–126. Tegmen, dorsal. 113, Ptychoderes mixtus; 114, P. bivittatus; 115, P. callosus; 116, P. rugicollis; 117, P. viridanus; 118, P. antiquus; 119, P. elongatus; 120, P. nebulosus; 121, P. longicollis; 122, P. jordani; 123, P. obsoletus; 124, P. magnus; 125, P. depressus; 126, P. virgatus. ap=apodeme; pf=preapical flange; sr=sclerotized ring; scale bar = 1mm.

FIGURES 177–195. 177–184, Aedeagus. 177–180, Ptychoderes depressus, lateral, dorsal and ventral; 180, sclerite, dorsal; 181–184, P. virgatus, lateral, dorsal and ventral; 184, sclerite, dorsal. 185–195, female terminalia. 185–188, Ptychoderes mixtus. 185, eighth tergite, dorsal, 186, eighth sternite, ventral, 187, ovipositor, ventral, 188, toothed plate, lateral; 189–192, Ptychoderes jordani. 189, eighth tergite, dorsal, 190, eighth sternite, ventral, 191, ovipositor, ventral, 192, toothed plate, lateral. 193–195, toothed plate, lateral. 193, Phloeotragus heros; 194, Phloeopemon acuticornis; 195, Unanthribus grandis; bc=bursa copulatrix; lr=lateral rods; mr=median rods; vmb=ventral median lobe. Figures 177–184, 185–187, 189–191, 192 and 193–195, respectively, in the same scale; scales bar = 1mm.

FIGURES 215–220. 215, Ptychoderes obsoletus Jekel, 1855, male; 216, Ptychoderes magnus, Mermudes & Napp, 2004 male holotype; 217, Ptychoderes depressus Jekel, 1855, male; 218, Ptychoderes virgatus Fåhraeus, 1839, male; 219, Ptychoderes mixtus Jekel, 1855, male; 220, Ptychoderes bivittatus Jordan, 1894, male.

FIGURES 239–250. Pronotum. 239, Tribotropis prasinata; 240, Unanthribus grandis; 241, Ptychoderes crustatus; 242, P. brevis, female holotype; 243, P. longicollis, holotype; 244, P. jordani, male holotype; 245, P. magnus, male holotype; 246, P. depressus; 247, P. virgatus; 248, P. bivittatus, male syntype; 249, P.rugicollis; 250, P. elongatus.

FIGURES 251–262. Prosternum. 251, Tribotropis prasinata; 252, Unanthribus grandis; 253, Ptychoderes virgatus; 254, P. jekeli, female holotype; 255, P. magnus, male holotype; 256, P. obsoletus; 257, P. longicollis, male holotype; 258, P. viridanus; 259, P. rugicollis; 260, P. callosus; 261, P.nebulosus; 262, P. elongatus.

FIGURES 263–264. 263. Geographical distribution of P. longicollis (black circles), P. crustatus (white triangles), P. brevis (black squares), P. jekeli (black triangles). 264. Geographical distribution of P. jordani (black squares), P.depressus (black triangles), P. virgatus (white circles).