Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx),

Fortier, Joseph C., 2009, A Revision of the Tetrasphaeropyx Ashmead Lineage of the Genus Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) 2256, Zootaxa 2256 (1), pp. 1-126 : 19-23

KEY TO SPECIES OF ALEIODES (TETRASPHAEROPYX) ASHMEAD

1 Entire dorsum of metasoma foveate ( Fig. 1, 3 ) ...................................................................................................... 2

-- Entire dorsum of metasoma not foveate, 1 or more tergites rugocostate ( Figs. 2, 4 , 29, 30 , 33, 36, 45, 46, 47, 54, 56, 79, 80, 81, 89, 90, 96, 98, 107, 110), rugose (70, 100, 106, 112) or areolate (23, 70) ................................... 11

2(1) Forewing vein r less than 0.8 length of 3RSa (as in Fig. 31), yellow-orange head and mesoscutum, black metasoma ................................................................................................................................................................ 3

-- Forewing vein r greater than or equal to 0.8 length of 3RSa, color variable ( Figs. 10, 11 ) .................................. 4

3(2) Mesopleuron with yellow venter ( USA: NM) ( Figs. 5 , 73, 74, 75 ) .............................. A. dorsofoveolatus Fortier

-- Mesopleuron with black venter ( USA: AZ, CO, NM) .......................................................... A. citriscutum Fortier

4(2) Mesosoma or metasoma extensively black ............................................................................................................ 5

-- Mesosoma and metasoma entirely yellow or at most, with black on propodeum and/or metasomal tergite I ...... 8

5(4) Mesoscutum entirely or nearly entirely black, shiny-foveate, without coriaceous surface ( Fig. 6 )....................... 6

-- Mesoscutum entirely yellow-orange, foveate, with coriaceous surface ( Fig. 7 ).................................................... 7

6(5) Vertex shiny-punctate ( Fig. 8 ), metasomal dorsum black ( USA: CA) ( Fig. 8 ).................. A. flavinotaulus Fortier

-- Vertex shiny-transversely carinulate ( Fig. 9 ), metasomal tergites II-IV yellow-orange ( USA: AZ) ( Figs. 6, 9 ) .... .............................................................................................................................................. A. cochisensis Fortier

7(5) Forewing vein r less than length of 3RSa ( Fig. 10 ), mesopleuron and metapleuron entirely yellow-orange ( USA: WY) ( Figs 1, 3 , 7, 10 )..................................................................................................... A. aquaedulcensis Fortier

-- Forewing vein r greater than or equal to length of 3RSa ( Fig. 11 ), mesopleuron mostly black, metapleuron entirely black ( USA: TX) ( Fig. 11 ) ...................................................................................... A. brevicellula Fortier

8(4) Mesoscutum shiny-foveate without coriaceous surface (as in Fig. 6 ).................................................................... 9

-- Mesoscutum foveate with coriaceous surface (as in Fig. 7 )................................................................................. 10

9(8) Propodeum and metasomal tergite I entirely yellow ( USA: AZ, CO, NM, TX) .................... A. pilosus (Cresson)

-- Propodeum and/or metasomal tergite I with black ( USA: CO, TX, WY).................... A. fernaldellavorax Fortier

10(8) Legs yellow ( MEX: Oaxaca)................................................................................................. A. oaxacensis Fortier

-- Legs black ( MEX: Oaxaca; USA: TX) ...................................................................................... A. tulensis Fortier

11(1) Metasomal tergite IV with round foveae ( Fig. 17 ) ............................................................................................... 12

-- Metasomal tergite IV without round foveae ( Figs. 12–16 ) .................................................................................. 19

12(11) Mesopleuron not extensively foveate ( Fig. 18 ) ( USA: MN) ( Fig. 18 )....................... A. paracatherinensis Fortier

-- Mesopleuron extensively foveate ( Figs. 19, 20 ) .................................................................................................. 13

13(12) Soma entirely yellow-orange or orange ............................................................................................................... 14

-- Soma bicolored ..................................................................................................................................................... 15

14(13) Metasomal tergite I areolate (as in Fig. 23 ), lateral ocelli medium, longest diameter greater than 0.9 and less than 1.1 length of ocell-ocular space ( USA: NM) ( Figs. 20, 23 ) ............................................. male A. areolatus Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite I rugocostate, lateral ocelli small, longest diameter less than ocell-ocular space ( USA: SC) ( Figs. 4 , 17 , 19 ).................................................................................................................. A. catherinensis Fortier

15(13) Metasomal tergite II areolate ( Fig. 23 )................................................................................................................. 16

-- Metasomal tergite II not areolate; rugocostate ..................................................................................................... 17

16(15) Metasomal tergites I and II yellow ( USA: NM) ( Figs. 20, 23 ) ............................................... A. areolatus Fortier

-- Metasomal tergites I and II black ( USA: NM, UT) ( Fig. 5 ).......................................... A. dorsofoveolatus Fortier

17(15) Mesoscutum extensively black ( CANADA: ON, QC) ( Fig. 22 ).................................................. A. huberi Fortier

-- Mesoscutum entirely yellow................................................................................................................................ 18

18(17) Mesopleural venter black, metasomal tergite II entirely yellow ( USA: NC)................................... A. selu Fortier

-- Mesopleural venter yellow, metasomal tergite II black ( USA: TX).......................................... A. paraselu Fortier

19(11) Lateral ocelli large, longest diameter greater than or equal to 1.3 length of ocell-ocular distance ( Figs. 24, 25 ) ... .............................................................................................................................................................................. 20

-- Lateral ocelli not large, longest diameter less than 1.3 length of ocell-ocular distance ( Fig. 26 )........................ 33

20(19) Metasoma entirely black ( MEX: Durango, Jalisco) ( Figs. 24 , 31–34) ................................ A. jaliscoensis Fortier

-- Metasoma not entirely black; either entirely yellow or bicolored........................................................................ 21

21(20) Metasomal tergite IV entirely or mostly yellow-orange or tan ............................................................................ 22

-- Metasomal tergite IV with extensive black .......................................................................................................... 28

22(21) Longest diameter of lateral ocelli greater than 6.0 length of ocell-ocular distance, ocelli nearly touching eyes, body color pale yellow ( MEX: Oaxaca) ( Figs. 25 , 35–38) ............................................. A. haematoxyloni Fortier

-- Body color not pale yellow, rather yellow-orange; longest diameter of lateral ocelli often larger than ocell-ocular distance, rarely if ever greater than 6.0 length of ocell-ocular space ................................................................... 23

23(22) Longest diameter of lateral ocellus less than 3.0 length of ocell-ocular space .................................................... 24

-- Longest diameter of lateral ocellus greater than 3.0 length of ocell-ocular space ............................................... 26

24(23) Large, body length 4.7–5.0 mm, body entirely yellow-orange, dorsal surface of hind tibiae yellow-orange ( USA: south TX) ................................................................................................................................. A. aranamai Fortier

-- Diminutive, body length less than 3.5 mm, body bicolored................................................................................. 25

25(24) Propodeum yellow-orange ( MEX: Nueva Leon) ( Figs. 39, 40 ) .......................................... A. quiniguanus Fortier

-- Propodeum black ( USA: southwest TX) ( Figs. 41, 42 ) .............................................................. A exiguus Fortier

26(23) Entirely yellow and yellow-orange, metasomal tergite II pale yellow in contrast to yellow-orange in tergites III and IV, metasomal venter usually pale ( USA: south TX) ( Figs. 27, 29 ) .................................... A. quickei Fortier -- Metasomal tergite II not pale yellow in contrast to tergites III and IV, metasoma often with irregular black markings ............................................................................................................................................................... 27

27(26) Irregular black markings on metasoma, with black laterally and/or along apical edge of tergite III ( USA: southern and southwestern TX) ( Figs. 28, 30 ) ........................................................................ A. nigrilatus Fortier

-- When irregular black markings present, not with black laterally and/or along apical edge of tergite III ( USA: south TX; NM) ( Figs. 52–55 ).................................................................................................... A. copiosus Fortier

28(21) Longest diameter of lateral ocelli less than 3.0 length of ocell-ocular space....................................................... 29

-- Longest diameter of lateral ocelli greater than 3.0 length of ocell-ocular space.................................................. 31

29(28) Internal angle of curvature of carapace about 90 o ( Fig. 48 ) ( USA: NM, TX) ( Figs. 43-48 )......... A. chisosi Fortier

-- Internal angle of curvature of carapace greater than 90 o ( Fig. 51 ) ....................................................................... 30

30(29) Vertex coriaceous, without well developed transverse carinae, pronotum sharply declivous antero-medially (Fig.__), mesopleuron venter yellow-orange ( USA: AR, MD, TN) ( Figs. 12 , 49-51 )...... A. accohannocki Fortier

-- Vertex transversely carinate ( Fig. 99 ), pronotum shelf-like ( Fig. 134 ), mesopleuron venter black ( USA: WY) ( Figs. 13 , 134–135 )...................................................................................................................... A. kohook Fortier

31(28) Metasomal tergite IV entirely black, tergite III often with black marking, never entirely black ( USA: TX, NM) ( Figs. 58, 59 )........................................................................................................................ A. magnoculus Fortier

-- Metasomal tergites III and IV entirely black........................................................................................................ 32

32(31) Forewing vein r greater than or equal to 0.75 length of 3RSa, hind femora not black, slightly infumate at most ( USA: eastern and southern TX) ( Figs. 60-62 ) ................................................................... A. mannegishii Fortier

-- Forewing vein r less than or equal to 0.7 length of 3RSa, hind femora with extensive black in apical half ( USA: eastern and southern TX, southern NM and CA) ( Figs. 14 , 63-64 ) ..................................... A. karankawai Fortier

33(19) Carapace deep, rounded, internal angle of curvature less than 90 o (Fig. A) ........................................................ 34

-- Carapace shallow to nearly flat, or round but internal angle of curvature about 90 o (Figs. B, 34, 38, 48, 51) ... 39

34(33) Metasoma entirely black....................................................................................................................................... 35

-- Metasoma entirely or nearly entirely yellow-orange............................................................................................ 36

35(34) Mesopleuron extensively foveate dorso-anterior to precoxal sulcus ( USA: southern CA) ( Figs. 70-72 ) ............... .................................................................................................................................................... A. kisomm Fortier

-- Mesopleuron not foveate, rather rugocostate dorso-anterior to precoxal sulcus ( USA: WY) ( Figs. 67-69 ) ........... ................................................................................................................................................................... A. dabai

36(34) Wings heavily infumate appearing black or blackish........................................................................................... 37

-- Wings lightly infumate or hyaline, not appearing black ...................................................................................... 38

37(36) Metasomal tergite II costate with thick costae (as in Fig. 4 ) ( USA: SC) ................................. A. alafuscus Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite II costate with thin costae ( Fig. 81 ) ( USA: CO) ( Figs. 81, 84 ) ............... A. wicayazipa Fortier

38(36) Metasomal tergite II rugocostate ( Fig. 79 ); metasoma with little or no black ( USA: IA, SD) ( Figs. 79, 82 ).......... ................................................................................................................................................... A. iowensis Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite II with thick costae ( Fig. 80 ); large assymetrical black patches on metasoma ( USA: ND, SD) ( Figs. 80, 83 )........................................................................................................................... A. dakotensis Fortier

39(33) Internal angle of carapace less than or equal to 90 o,carapace deep or moderately deep ( Figs. 14, 16, 17 , 48 , 78 ). .............................................................................................................................................................................. 40

-- Internal angle of carapace distinctly greater than 90 o, carapace shallow ( Figs. B, 104 , 152, 153 ) ...................... 49

40(39) Metasoma entirely yellow-orange ........................................................................................................................ 41

-- Metasoma bicolored or black ............................................................................................................................... 42

41(40 Metasomal tergites I and II with straight, regularly spaced thick longitudinal costae ( Fig. 89 ) ( USA: IL, WI) ( Figs. 85, 89 )............................................................................................................................ A. illiniwekii Fortier

-- Metasomal tergites I and II rugocostate, costae not straight or regularly spaced, not as thick as in A. illiniwekii ( Fig. 90 ) ( USA: NE) ( Figs. 86, 90 ).................................................................................................... A. min Fortier

42(40) Metasoma entirely black....................................................................................................................................... 43

-- Metasoma bicolored black and yellow-orange..................................................................................................... 44

43(42) Mesopleuron extensively foveate ( Fig. 71 ) ( USA: CA) ( Figs. 70–72 ) ...................................... A. kisomm Fortier

-- Mesopleuron with sparse or no foveae ( USA: ID) ( Figs. 76–78 ). ................................................ A. hiisiis Fortier

44(42) Metasomal tergite II finely rugulocostulate (as in Figs. 29, 30 , 45, 46, 50 )......................................................... 45

-- Metasomal tergite II coarsely rugocostate (as in Figs. 33, 96, 98, 135)............................................................... 46

45(44) Mesoscutum black, legs extensively yellow ( USA: AR, MD) ( Fig. 88 )....................................... A. shawi Fortier

-- Mesoscutum yellow-orange, legs black ( MEX: Durango) ( Fig. 87 )........................................... A. axaceei Fortier 46(44) Propleuron and venter of mesopleuron black, metasomal tergites I and II with a few prominent longitudinal carinae, metanotum black, tergite I black in basal half, tergites III and IV entirely black ( USA: CA) ( Figs. 93-94 ) ................................................................................................................................... A. pseudoanatariatus Fortier

-- Propleuron and venter of mesopleuron yellow and otherwise not exactly as above............................................47

47(46) Tergites III and IV not entirely black, mostly yellow-orange, sometimes with an asymmetrical black blotch (as in Figs. 53, 54, 56 , 90 ) ( USA: ND, SD) ( Figs. 95, 96 )….. .............................................................. A. arikari Fortier

-- Tergites III and IV never mostly yellow-orange, usually entirely black or brown .............................................. 48

48(47) Vertex with several strongly impressed transverse carinae, metasomal tergite III rugose ( USA: CA) ( Figs. 97- 100 ) ............................................................................................................................................... A. totuyai Fortier

-- Vertex with 1-2 weakly impressed transverse carinae, metasomal tergite III areolate (as in Figs. 23 , 70 ) ( USA: OR) ..................................................................................................................................... A. parareolatus Fortier

49(39) Ocelli small, less than 0.9 length of ocell-ocular distance (as in Fig. 26 )............................................................ 50

-- Ocelli medium, greater than or equal to 0.9 length of ocell-ocular distance and less than or equal to 1.2 length of ocell-ocular distance ............................................................................................................................................. 68

50(49) Pronotum shelf-like antero-medially ( Figs. 101 , 134 ) ......................................................................................... 51

-- Pronotum not shelf-like; steeply declivous antero-medially (as in Fig. 120 )....................................................... 53

51(50) Entirely or nearly entirely yellow-orange ( USA: CA) ( Figs. 101-104 ) ................................ A. marinensis Fortier

-- Bicolored, 1 or more dorsal sclerites entirely black ............................................................................................. 52

52(51) Metasoma nearly entirely black except tergite II entirely yellow-orange (except tergite II black in some males) ( CANADA: AB, BC, YT) ( Figs. 91, 92 ).............................................................................. A. anatariatus Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite II entirely or nearly entirely black ( USA: CA) ( Figs. 105, 106 ) ................ A. maidunus Fortier

53(51) Metasomal tergite II with thick costae ( Fig. 107 ), soma nearly entirely yellow ( CANADA: MB, ON) ( Figs. 107, 108 ) .................................................................................................................................... A. crassijugosus Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite II rugose, rugocostate, or finely rugulocostulate, never with thick costae ............................. 54

54(53) Metasomal tergite II finely rugulocostulate, mesoscutum yellow-orange ( Figs. 115, 116 , 121, 122 ) ................. 55

-- Metasomal tergite II rugocostate or rugulose, mesoscutum yellow-orange, black, or bicolored......................... 58

55(54) Head black ............................................................................................................................................................ 56

-- Head yellow-orange.............................................................................................................................................. 57

56(55) Forewing vein r long, greater than 0.8 length of 3RSa, 1CUa short, less than or equal to 0.2 length of 3CUb ( CANADA: BC) ( Figs. 119, 121, 123 )................................................................................ A. squilaxensis Fortier

-- Forewing vein r not long, less than or equal to 0.75 length of 3RSa, 1CUa not short, greater than or equal to 0.3 length of 3CUb ( CANADA: BC) ( Figs. 120, 122, 124 )............................................... A. parasquilaxensis Fortier

57(55) Forewing 2 nd submarginal cell short, nearly square, vein r greater than 0.8 length of 3RSa ( Fig. 117 ), 1CUa 0.3 length of 1CUb, mesopleuron nearly entirely black ( USA: WI) ( Figs. 113, 115, 117 ).............. A. luhmani Fortier

-- Forewing 2 nd submarginal cell elongate, nearly rectangular, vein r 0.6 length of 3RSa ( Fig. 118 ), 1CUa short, 0.2 length of 1CUb, mesopleuron yellow-orange in dorsal half ( USA: WI) ( Figs. 114, 116, 118 )................................ ............................................................................................................................................ A. paraluhmani Fortier

58(54) Metasomal tergite II robust rugocostate ( Fig. 126 ), yellow-orange, face extensively black, mesoscutum yelloworange ( USA, eastern CA) ( Figs. 125, 126 ) ............................................................................ A. pooedooa Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite II without robust rugocostation, either delicately rugocostate or rugulose ............................ 59

59(58) Metasomal tergite II rugulocostate, yellow-orange ( Figs. 128, 130 ) ................................................................... 60

-- Metasomal tergite II rugulocostate or rugulose, sometimes, especially in Palearctic specimens ( A. arcticus ) only faintly so; soma black or mostly black ................................................................................................................. 61

60(59) Mesoscutum black or mostly black, metasoma nearly entirely yellow-orange except basal half of tergite I black and tergite II with black, tergite II rugulose, without predominant longitudinal carinae ( CANADA: southern QC) ( Figs. 127, 128 ).................................................................................................................... A. provancheri Fortier

-- Mesoscutum yellow-orange, metasomal color similr to A. provancheri except tergite II entirely yellow-orange ( CANADA: southeastern ON) ( Figs. 129, 130 ) ......................................................... A. argyllacearivorax Fortier

61(59) Carapace nearly flat or with antero-posterior curvature developed; in all cases, never with more than the apex of 1 apical tergite uncovered by carapace, or if so then either with black legs and/or with a precoxal sulcus, and metasomal tergites with well developed rugulation ............................................................................................. 62

-- Carapace often nearly flat, not entirely covering 2 or more smooth apical tergites, nearly entirely black species except yellow-orange legs, mesopleuron coriaceous, without a precoxal sulcus, Palearctic species with tergites I- IV coriaceous and faintly rugulose ....................................................................................................................... 66 62(61) Longest diameter of lateral ocellus greater than 0.5 length of ocell-ocular space; vertex coriaceous, without strong transverse carinae( Fig. 133 ); mesopleuron coriaceous below subalar sulcus ( CANADA: AB, ON, QC) ( Figs. 131–133 ).................................................................................................................... some A. sarceei Fortier

-- Longest diameter of lateral ocellus less than or equal to 0.5 length of ocell-ocular space .................................. 63

63(62) Vertex without strong carinae, granulate ( Fig. 133 ), mesopleuron coriaceous below subalar sulcus ( CANADA: AB, ON, QC) ( Figs. 131–132 ).........................................................................................................some A. sarceei

-- Vertex with strong transverse carinae (as in Figs. 24 , 99 ); mesopleuron rugulose below subalar sulcus ............ 64

64(63) Soma entirely black, legs entirely or nearly entirely black ( USA: AK, nr. Cartwright) ( Figs. 154–156 )................ ........................................................................................................................................................ A. tullyi Fortier

-- Legs entirely or nearly entirely yellow-orange .................................................................................................... 65

65(64) Head bicolored, black except extensive yellow-orange bordering eyes; mostly yellow-orange metacoxae, yellow-orange metatrochanters; extensive yellow-orange laterally on metasomal tergites I and II; extensive yellow apically on tergites III and IV ( CANADA: BC) ( Figs. 109, 110 ) ............................. A. secwepemc Fortier

-- Soma entirely black, metacoxae and metatrochanters black ( CANADA: NL) ( Figs. 111-112 ) ............................. ........................................................................................................................................ A. cartwrightensis Fortier

66(61) Metasomal tergites with weak rugulose-coriaceous sculpturing, tergite IV entirely or nearly entirely coriaceous in apical half (Palearctic) ( Fig. 157 ) .................................................................................... A. arcticus (Thomson)

-- Metasomal tergites mostly or entirely rugulose ................................................................................................... 67

67(66) Hind wing vein m+cu pigmented and tubular ....................................................... A. itamevorus Shaw and Marsh

-- Hind wing vein m+cu an unpigmented wing fold .................................................. A. maritimus Shaw and Marsh

68(49) Mesoscutum entirely or extensively yellow-orange............................................................................................. 69

-- Mesoscutum entirely or nearly entirely black ...................................................................................................... 72

69(68) Pronotum shelf-like antero-medially .................................................................................................................... 70

-- Pronotum steeply declivous antero-medially ....................................................................................................... 71

70(69) Metasomal tergite II with predominant widely spaced costae ( Fig.135 ), tergite II entirely yellow-orange ( USA: WY) ( Figs. 13 , 134, 135 )............................................................................................................. A. kohook Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite II without predominant longitudinal costae ( Fig. 137 ), tergite II bicolored ( USA: west-central CA) ( Figs. 136, 137 ) .......................................................................................................... A. chumashanus Fortier

71(69) Vertex with transverse carinae (as in Figs. 24 , 99 ), tergite I black ( USA: MD) ( Figs. 138, 143 )............................ ....................................................................................................................some A. assateaguenus Fortier females

-- Vertex rugulose, tergite I yellow with black spot on each side of median carina ( Fig. 141 ) (female), or tergite I black (male) ( Fig. 142 ) ( USA: MO) ( Figs. 139-142 ) ................................................ A. reisi Fortier and Sherman

72(68) Metasomal tergite II bright yellow-orange ........................................................................................................... 73

-- Metasomal tergite II black, sometimes with yellow-orange highlights, face yellow ........................................... 74

73(72) Metasomal tergite II rugocostate with costae usually widely spaced ( CANADA: BC, southwestern ON, southcentral QC, NB) ( Fig. 145 ).................................................................................................. A. dissiticarina Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite II rugocostate with costae narrowly spaced ( Figs. 47 , 149 ) ................................................... 75

74(72) Vertex finely rugulose ( Figs. 26 ), mesopleuron without well-defined carinae below subalar sulcus, rather coriaceous ( Fig. 21 ), carapace internal angle of curvature greater than 45 o, carpace shallow ( CANADA: NS) ( Figs. 21 , 26 , 146, 149 )......................................................................................................... A. halifaxensis Fortier

-- Vertex with transverse carinae (as in Figs. 24 , 99 ), mesopleuron with well-defined carinae below subalar sulcus (as in Figs. 18 , 71 , 92 ); carapace internal angle of curvature less than 45 o, carapace shallow ( USA: MD) ( Figs. 138, 143 ) ...................................................................................................................................... A. assateaguenus

75(73) Vertex coriaceous or at most with faint rugulation, metasomal tergite II yellow-orange ( CANADA:AB) ( Figs. 144, 147 , 150 ) ............................................................................................................. A. sexmaculativorax Fortier

-- Vertex rugose and/or with transverse carinae, metasomal tergite II pale white-yellow ( Fig. 151 ) ( USA: MD).. 76

76(75) Metasomal tergite IV distinctly curved, internal angle of curvature about 135 o ( Figs.151, 152 ) ........................... ..................................................................................................................................... A. bretti Bardon and Fortier

-- Metasomal tergite IV nearly flat, internal angle of curvature apparently nearly 180 o ( Fig. 153 ) ........................... ............................................................................................................................. A. parabretti Bardon and Fortier

Figures

PLATE 4. FIGURES 1–5. Tergite sculpturing of Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species and habitus of A. (Tetrasphaeropyx) dorsofoveolatus. 1, metasoma, A. aquaedulcensis; 2, tergites I and II, A. anatariatus; 3, tergite II, A. aquaedulcensis; 4, tergite II, A catherinensis; 5, habitus, A. dorsofoveolatus.

PLATE 5. FIGURES 6–11. Morphological features of Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 6–7, Mesoscutum sculpturing. 6, A. cochisensis; 7, A. aquaedulcensis (LL = lateral lobe, ML = medial lobe, N = notaulus). Figs. 8–9, Vertex sculpturing. Fig. 8, A flavinotaulus; Fig. 9, A cochisensis. Figs. 10–11, wings. Fig. 10, A. aquaedulcensis; Fig. 11, A. brevicellula.

PLATE 6. FIGURES 12–17. Variation in sculpturing patterns of metasomal tergite IV in Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. 12, A. accohannocki; 13, A. kohook (F = flange); 14, A. karankawai; 15, A. hiisiis; 16, A. arikarai; 17, A. catherinensis.

PLATE 7. FIGURES 18–23. Variation in sculpturing patterns of the mesopleuron and metasomal tergite II in Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 18–21, mesopleuron. S = precoxal sulcus. 18, A. paracatherinensis. 19, A. catherinensis. 20, A. areolatus; 21, A. halifaxensis. Figs. 22–23, metasomal tergite II. 22, A. huberi; 23, A. areolatus.

PLATE 8. FIGURES 24–30. Variation in Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 24–26, vertex. 24, A. jaliscoensis. a: inter-ocellar space; b: longest diameter of lateral ocellus; 25, A. haematoxyloni; 26, A. halifaxensis. Figs. 27–28, habitus. 27, A. quickei; 28, A. nigrilatus. Figs. 29–30, tergite II. 29, A. quickei; 30, A. nigrilatus.

PLATE 10. FIGURES 39–42. Morphological features of Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) quiniguanus and A. (T.) exiguus. Figs. 39–40, A. quiniguanus. 39, habitus; 40, metasomal tergite II. Figs. 41–42, A. exiguus. 41, habitus; 42, metasomal tergite II.

PLATE 11. FIGURES 43–51. Morphological features of and variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) chisosi and A. (T.) accohannocki. Figs. 43–48, A. chisosi. 43, habitus; 44, forewing; 45, tergite I, female; 46, tergite II, female; 47, tergite II, male; 48, tergite IV (carapace), female. Figs. 49–51, A. accohannocki. 49, habitus; 50, tergite II; 51, tergite IV.

PLATE 12. FIGURES 52–57. Morphological variation in Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) copiosus and between A. (T.) copiosus and A. (T.) paracopiosus. Figures 52–55, A. copiosus. 52, habitus; 53–54, variation in metasomal tergite II; 55, vertex; Figures 56–57, A. paracopiosus. 56, tergite II; 57, vertex.

PLATE 13. FIGURES 58–66. Morphological features of and variation in Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 58–59, A. magnoculus. 58, habitus; 59, vertex. Figs. 60–62, A. mannegishii. 60, habitus; 61, vertex; 62, hind femur. Figs. 63–64, A. karankawai. 63, habitus; 64, hind femur. Figs. 65–66, A. axaceeni. 65, habitus; 66, vertex.

PLATE 14. FIGURES 67–72. Morphological features of and variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) dabai and A. (T.) kisomm. Figs. 67–69, A. dabai. 67, habitus; 68, mesopleuron; 69, metasomal tergite IV (carapace). Figs. 70–72, A. kisomm. 70, tergite I; 71, mesopleuron; 72, habitus.

PLATE 15. FIGURES 73–78. Morphological features of and variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) dorsofoveolatus and A. (T.) hiisiis. Figs. 73–75, A. dorsofoveolatus. 73, habitus; 74, mesopleuron; 75, tergite IV. Figs. 76–78, A. hiisiis. 76, tergite I; 77, habitus; 78, tergite IV.

PLATE 16. FIGURES 79–84. Variation in metasomal tergite II and habitus between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 79–81, metasomal tergite II. 79, A. iowensis; 80, A. dakotensis; 81, A. wicayazipa. Figs. 82–84, habitus. 82, A. iowensis; 83, A. dakotensis; 84, A. wicayazipa.

PLATE 17. FIGURES 85–90. Variation in habitus and metasomal tergite II among Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 85–88, habitus. 85, A. illiniweki; 86, A. min; 87, A. axaceei; 88, A. shawi. Figs. 89–90, tergite II. 89, A. illiniweki; 90, A. min.

PLATE 18. FIGURES 91–94. Morphological variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) anatariatus and A. (T.) pseudoanatariatus. Figs. 91–92, A. anatariatus. 91, habitus; 92, mesopleuron (arrow indicates coriaceous sculpturing). Figs. 93–94, A. pseudoanatariatus. 93, mesopleuron and metapleuron; 94, habitus.

PLATE 19. FIGURES 95–100. Morphological features of and variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) arikari and A. (T.) totuyai. Figs. 95–96, A. arikari. 95, habitus (O = ovipositor, OS = ovipositor sheath); 96, metasomal tergite II. Figs. 97–100, A. totuyai. 97, habitus; 98, metasomal tergite II; 99, vertex; 100, metasomal tergite III.

PLATE 20. FIGURES 101–104. Morphological features of Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) marinensis. 101, pronotum; 102, metasomal tergite I; 103, metasomal tergite II; 104, metasomal tergite IV (carapace).

PLATE 21. FIGURES 105–112. Variation among Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species in habitus and sculpturing of metasomal tergite II. Figs. 105–106, A. maidunus. 105, habitus; 106, tergite II. Figs. 107–108, A. crassijugosus. 107, tergite II; 108, habitus. Figs. 109–110, A. secwepemc. 109, habitus; 110, tergite II. Figs. 111–112, A. cartwrightensis. 111, habitus; 112, tergite II.

PLATE 22. FIGURES 113–118. Morphological variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) luhmani and A. (T.) paraluhmani. Figs. 113–114, habitus. 113, A. luhmani; 114, A. paraluhmani. Figs. 115–116, metasomal tergite II. 115, A. luhmani; 116, A. paraluhmani. Figs. 117–118, forewing veins r and 3RSA relative lengths. 117, A. luhmani; 118, A. paraluhmani.

PLATE 23. FIGURES 119–124. Morphological features of and variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) squilaxensis and A. (T.) parasquilaxensis. Figs. 119–120, habitus. 119, A. squilaxensis; 120, A. parasquilaxensis. Figs. 121–122, metasomal tergite II. 121, A. squilaxensis; 122, A. parasquilaxensis. Figs. 123–124, forewing veins 1CUa and 1Cub relative lengths. 123, A. squilaxensis; 124, A. parasquilaxensis.

PLATE 24. FIGURES 125–130. Morphological features of and variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 125–126, A. pooedooa. 125, habitus; 126, metasomal tergite II. Figs. 127–128, A. provancheri. 127, habitus; 128, metasomal tergite II. Figs. 129–130, A. argyllacearivorax. 129, habitus; 130, metasomal tergite II.

PLATE 25. FIGURES 131–137. Morphological features of and variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 131–133, A. sarceei. 131, habitus; 132, tergite II; 133, vertex. Figs. 134–135, A. kohook. 134, lateral view of pronotum; 135, metasomal tergite II. Figs. 136–137, A. chumashanus. 136, habitus; 137, metasomal tergite II.

PLATE 26. FIGURES 138–143. Morphological features of Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. Figs. 138–140, habitus. 138, A. assateaguenus; 139, A. reisi, female; 140, A. reisi, male. Figs. 141–143, metasomal tergite I. 141, A. reisi, female; 142, A. reisi, male; 143, A. assateaguenus.

PLATE 27. FIGURES 144–149. Morphological variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species in habitus and metasomal tergite II features. Figs. 144–146, habitus. 144, A. sexmaculativorax; 145, A. dissiticarina; 146, A. halifaxensis. Figs. 147–149, metasomal tergite II. 147, A. sexmaculativorax; 148, A. dissiticarina; 149, A. halifaxensis.

PLATE 28. FIGURES 150–153. Morphological variation between Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species in metasomal color pattern and metasomal tergite IV (carapace) shape. Figs. 150–151, metasomal color pattern. 150, A. sexmaculativorax; 151, A. bretti. Figs. 152–153, metasomal tergite IV, lateral view. 152, A. bretti; 153, A. parabretti.

PLATE 29. FIGURES 154–157. Features of Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) species. 154–156. Aleiodes (Tetrasphaeropyx) tullyi. 154, habitus; 155, metasomal tergite II; 156, lateral view of metasomal tergite IV (carapace). Note that carapace is shallow, internal angle of curvature greater than 90o, and not entirely covering an apical tergite. 157. Aleiodes arcticus, metasomal tergite IV.