An integrative systematic revision of the wishbone spiders (Araneae: Anamidae: Aname L. Koch, 1873) of subtropical and tropical eastern Australia, with the description of 55 new species Author Wilson, Jeremy D. 4DC424BA-5662-4EF0-BAE9-2147953BDF57 Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum Collections and Research Centre, Hendra, Queensland 4011, Australia. & Collections and Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia. & Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia. jeremydwilson91@gmail.com Author Harvey, Mark S. FF5EBAF3-86E8-4B99-BE2E-A61E44AAEC2C Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum Collections and Research Centre, Hendra, Queensland 4011, Australia. & Collections and Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia. & Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia. mark.harvey@museum.wa.gov.au Author Simmons, Leigh W. 2EBD04C1-2789-4FF3-9E8A-64E23A720321 Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia. leigh.simmons@uwa.edu.au Author Rix, Michael G. B7D4764D-B9C9-4496-A2DE-C4D16561C3B3 Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum Collections and Research Centre, Hendra, Queensland 4011, Australia. & Collections and Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia. michael.rix@qm.qld.gov.au text European Journal of Taxonomy 2025 2025-04-02 985 1 298 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2845/12951 journal article 309136 10.5852/ejt.2025.985.2845 a77a0e98-e09a-477e-b1dc-123fb8dde11a 2118-9773 15169471 6F0815FE-5CA2-4254-8638-9E59E04C349B Aname eddieorum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 49D83F5A-9ED3-4B4F-A49B-B07BEBC0F0C2 Figs 1 , 7 , 39–40 Aname barrema Raven, 1985 – Raven 1985 (pars): figs 13, 33, 70–71, 73–74 (illustrated female allotype QMB S1239 [Braemar State Forest], and female paratypes QMB S1244 [Moombah], QMB S1247 [Yuleba], and QMB S1245 [Stanthorpe], all here identified as A. eddieorum sp. nov. ). Diagnosis Males of A. eddieorum sp. nov. can be distinguished from all species for which males are known except A. aurensis sp. nov. , A. briggsi sp. nov. , A. hughenden sp. nov. , A. longitheca , A. mulgana sp. nov. , A. rupicola sp. nov. , and A. warrego sp. nov. by a moderate to large body size (carapace length> 4.0 mm), the presence of a long embolus (embolus length / bulb length>1.5) that has a relatively wide basal section tapering into an attenuate, sinuous distal section after about 0.4 of length, and the absence of a prominent sharp heel on metatarsus I (as in the pallida -complex) ( Fig. 39L–M ). Males of A. eddieorum can be distinguished from those of A. aurensis , A. briggsi , A. hughenden , A. mulgana , and A. rupicola by the presence of a tibia I that stays about the same width from the proximal end to the base of the tibial spur when in lateral view ( Fig. 39P ; cf. Figs 34 , 36 , 41 , 44 , 46 ). Males of A. eddieorum can be distinguished from those of A. warrego by the presence of a thicker palp tibia (palp tibia length / width <3) ( Fig. 39J–K ; cf. Fig. 48 ). Males of A. eddieorum can be distinguished from those of A. longitheca by the presence of a shorter, straighter embolus (embolus length / bulb length ~2.2; cf. ~ 2.7 in A. longitheca ) ( Fig. 39L–M ; cf. Fig. 42 ). Females of A. eddieorum sp. nov. can be distinguished from all species for which females are known except A. aurensis sp. nov. , A. briggsi sp. nov. , A. camara , A. dingo sp. nov. , A. longitheca , A. mulgana sp. nov. , and A. rupicola sp. nov. by the presence of spermathecae with two vesicles, with relatively long and straight lateral vesicles (lateral vesicle length / genitalia width>0.25) and long medial vesicles (medial vesicle length / lateral vesicle length>1) that project medially or posteromedially, before undulating anteriorly ( Fig. 40L ). Females of A. eddieorum can be distinguished from those of A. aurensis , A. briggsi , A. dingo , A. longitheca , and A. rupicola by the presence of spermathecae with lateral vesicles terminating in relatively wide ends ( Fig. 40L ; cf. Figs 35 , 37–38 , 43 , 47 ). Females of A. eddieorum can be distinguished from those of A. camara by the presence of a darker body colouration and spermathecae with longer vesicles (lateral vesicle length / genitalia width>0.35) with less widely-spaced crowns (distance between crowns less than length of lateral vesicles) ( Fig. 40A–L ; cf. Fig. 107 ). Females of A. eddieorum can be distinguished from those of A. mulgana by the presence of bald patches on the sternum, lateral of the sigilla, the absence of thorn-like setae around the anterior edges of the sternum, and more rounded medioventral corners of the coxae ( Fig. 40G–I ; cf. Fig. 45 ). Etymology The specific epithet ‘ eddieorum ’ is named in honour of Craig and Merryl Eddie, founders of Boobook Ecological Consulting. The company provided many valuable specimens for this project. Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♂ ; Kumbarilla State Forest , Halliford Road ; 27°29′ S , 150°54′ E ; 326m a.s.l. ; 4 Nov.–15 Dec. 2019 ; G.B. Monteith leg.; gutter trap , sandy open forest; QMB S111185 . Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 2 ♂♂ ; Tara ; 27°16′ S , 150°27′ E ; 20 Nov. 2001 ; Queensland Department of Primary Industries leg.; QMB S116964 • 1 ♂ ; Lake Broadwater Conservation Park ; 27°21′ S , 151°06′ E ; 24 Nov. 1985 – 3 Jan. 1986 ; Queensland Museum Party leg.; pitfall trap ; QMB S3151 • 1 ♂ ; Lake Broadwater Conservation Park , south-western loop track; 27°22′ S , 150°34′ E ; 342 m a.s.l. ; 27 Jul. 2020 ; M.G. Rix leg.; excavated , mixed bulloak/cypress pine woodland; QMB S124044 • 1 ♂ ; Windemere Station ; 27°25′ S , 149°41′ E ; 5 Dec. 1987 ; R.J. Raven leg.; hand collected , on ground in low vegetation, brigalow; QMB S2476 . Other material examined AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♂ ; Expedition Range National Park ; 25°12′ S , 148°59′ E ; 560 m a.s.l. ; 25 Sep.–18 Dec. 1997 ; D.J. Cook and G.B. Monteith leg.; intercept trap , open forest; QMB S44341 • 1 ♂ ; Expedition Range National Park , Ampitheatre camp; 25°12′ S , 148°59′ E ; 560 m a.s.l. ; 17–19 Dec. 1997 ; D.J. Cook , G.B. Monteith and G. Thompson leg.; open forest; QMB S59368 • 1 ♀ ; Kentucky Station , tributary of Baffle Creek , 44.3 km NNE of Injune ; 25°34′ S , 148°53′ E ; 14 Mar. 2021 ; C. Eddie and E. Amsters leg.; excavated , short, freshly dug burrow on sloping bank of rocky gorge, dry sclerophyll; QMB S118232 • 1 ♂ ; Munduberra , Delubra Station ; 25°35′ S , 151°17′ E ; 20 Oct. 1982 ; B. Bloxsome leg.; QMB S9757 • 1 ♀ ; Strathblane ; 25°53′ S , 149°08′ E ; 7 Feb. 2018 ; C. Eddie leg.; QMB S118224 • 1 ♂ ; Lorraine Station , 35.3 km NNW of Roma ; 26°10′ S , 148°41′ E ; 12 Oct. 2022 ; J. Groat leg.; hand collected , active around house after rain, property homestead, sandy soil; QMB S118246 • 2 ♂♂ , 1 juv. ; Barakula State Forest , S of Condarra Tower ; 26°17′ S , 150°38′ E ; 1 Oct.–3 Dec. 2012 ; C. Moeseneder and S. Moeseneder leg.; flight intercept trap ; QMB S109552 • 1 ♂ ; Barrakeela forestry [ Barakula State Forest ], via Chinchilla ; 26°19′ S , 150°30′ E ; 15 Dec. 1981 ; B.E. Smith leg.; QMB S9394 • 1 ♂ ; Combabula State Forest ; 26°22′ S , 149°27′ E ; 350 m a.s.l. ; 5 Nov.–16 Dec. 2019 ; G.B. Monteith leg.; gutter trap , sandy open forest; QMB S111195 • 1 ♂ ; Barakula State Forest , Auburn Road ; 26°23′ S , 150°41′ E ; 30 Sep.–3 Dec. 2012 ; C. Moeseneder and S. Moeseneder leg.; flight intercept trap ; QMB S108715 • 1 ♀ ; Gurulmundi State Forest , ca 39.9 km NW of Miles , SEQ; 26°24′ S , 149°54′ E ; 12 Sep. 2021 ; E. Amsters leg.; excavated , Arbanitis burrows observed in vicinity, sclerophyll forest, pale grey/brown loamy clay soil; QMB S118238 • 1 ♂ ; Barakula State Forest , off Auburn Road ; 26°25′ S , 150°41′ E ; 3 Dec. 2012 – 19 Apr. 2013 ; C. Moeseneder and S. Moeseneder leg.; flight intercept trap ; QMB S118361 • 1 ♂ ; Kingaroy , Gordonbrook Dam ; 26°27′ S , 151°44′ E ; Nov. 1980 ; T. McAleer leg.; QMB S9368 • 1 ♂ ; Kingaroy ; 26°31′ S , 151°46′ E ; 24 Dec. 1986 ; K.J.M. leg.; QMB S64335 • 1 ♀ ; Yuleba ; 26°37′ S , 149°23′ E ; 19 Nov. 1957 ; M. Green leg.; QMB S1247 ( paratype of Aname barrema Raven, 1985 ) • 1 ♂ ; Condamine ; 26°38′ S , 149°56′ E ; 27 Jun. 1985 ; P.G. Allsopp leg.; QMB S100538 • 1 ♂ ; Miles ; 26°40′ S , 150°11′ E ; Nov. 1973 ; G. May leg.; QMB S208 ( paratype of Aname barrema Raven, 1985 ) • 1 ♂ ; Miles ; 26°43′ S , 150°05′ E ; Nov. 1973 ; G. May leg.; hand collected , wandering in grassland, grassland; QMB S208 • 1 ♂ ; Chinchilla , “ Rockwood ”; 26°45′ S , 150°36′ E ; Dec. 1985 ; W.D. McKenzie leg.; QMB S9799 • 1 ♂ ; Condamine Highway ; 26°53′ S , 149°28′ E ; 248 m a.s.l. ; 6 Nov.–17 Dec. 2019 ; G.B. Monteith leg.; gutter trap , sandy open forest; QMB S111184 • 1 ♀ ; Braemar State Forest , off Kumbarilla Lane ; 27°10′ S , 150°55′ E ; 354 m a.s.l. ; 4 Oct. 2020 ; M.G. Rix , A.G. Rix , A. Wojcieszek and M. Brien leg.; excavated , open woodland with cypress pine; QMB S124056 • 1 ♀ ; Braemar State Forest ; 27°13′ S , 150°50′ E ; 15–19 Oct. 1979 ; R. J. Raven leg.; excavated ; QMB S1239 ( allotype of Aname barrema Raven, 1985 ) • 1 ♂ ; Toowoomba ; 27°34′ S , 151°51′ E ; Mar. 1969 ; T. Passlow leg.; QMB S96436 • 1 ♀ ; Moombah [ E of St George ]; 27°59′ S , 149°18′ E ; 11 Feb. 1979 ; T. Adams and G.V. Czechura leg.; QMB S1244 ( paratype of Aname barrema Raven, 1985 ) • 1 ♂ ; Goondiwindi , N of town ; 28°25′ S , 150°13′ E ; D. O’Donoghue leg.; QMB S103498 • 1 ♂ ; Inglewood ; 28°25′ S , 151°05′ E ; 1979 ; Q. A. T. B. leg.; QMB S9742 • 1 ♂ ; Stanthorpe ; 28°37′ S , 151°30′ E ; 6 Nov. 1982 ; Queensland Ambulance Transport Brigade leg.; QMB S9744 • 1 ♀ ; Stanthorpe ; 28°39′ S , 151°56′ E ; 10 Nov. 1971 ; G. Smith leg.; QMB S1245 ( paratype of Aname barrema Raven, 1985 ) . – New South Wales • 1 ♂ ; Inverell ; 29°46′ S , 151°07′ E ; 29 Dec. 1980 ; C. Easton leg.; AMS KS6463 • 1 ♂ ; 100 km E of Walgett , near Yallambee ; 30°02′ S , 148°52′ E ; 7 Oct. 1996 ; R.W. Blanch leg.; AMS KS49115 . Description Male ( holotype , QMB S111185) GENERAL ( Fig. 39A–Q ). Body length 23.28, in good condition, colour presumably faded due to preservation. DORSAL PROSOMA ( Fig. 39A, E–F ). Carapace length 8.17, width 7.52, length/width 1.09, clypeus to fovea length/carapace length 0.70, caput width/carapace width 0.74, carapace dark red-brown, reflective setae present, heavy on caput, moderate on thorax, fovea procurved, fovea width/carapace length 0.16 ( Fig. 39A, F ); chelicerae dark red-brown, rastellum absent or inconspicuous, chelicerae length/carapace length 0.64 ( Fig. 39A ); eye group rectangular, width/length 2.08, eye tubercle present ( Fig. 39E ). ABDOMEN ( Fig. 39B, D ). Abdomen length 9.79, dark grey, dorsal pattern absent, with consistent cover of short setae. VENTRAL PROSOMA ( Fig. 39C, G–I ). Labium cuspules present, count =2 ( Fig. 39H ); maxillae heel distinct, cuspules present, count = about 130, extending posteriorly onto heel, extending laterally about 40% of maxillae length ( Fig. 39C, I ); coxae cuspules absent, thorn-like setae on prolateral face present ( Fig. 39C, I ); sternum length/width 1.27, central sternum with consistent covering of moderate setae, row of longer setae around posterior edges, distinct bald patches laterally of all sigilla ( Fig. 39G–H ); posterior sigilla ovoid, central sternum to posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.19, posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.18 ( Fig. 39G–H ); other sigilla small, round and lateral ( Fig. 39G–H ). LEG I ( Fig. 39N–Q ). Leg I red-brown, lighter on distal metatarsus and tarsus, femur length 7.11, patella length 4.51, tibia length 4.84, metatarsus length 4.74, tarsus length 2.89, total length 24.10, leg I length/ carapace length 2.95 ( Fig. 39N–O ); scopulae on distal metatarsus and tarsus ( Fig. 39N–O ); spine count Fe D 0, Fe PL 1, Pa PL 2, Ti PL 0, Ti RL 0, Me PL 0, Me RL 0, Ta 0 ( Fig. 39N–O ); tibia length/width [TIL/TID] 3.23, even width along length, spur present, digitiform, knuckle present, megaspine angled at 13 degrees, length to distal face of spur/tibia length [TIS/TIL] 0.43, spur height/tibia width [TISH/TID] 0.65, megaspine length/tibia length 0.22 ( Fig. 39N–P ); metatarsus slightly sinuous, proximal excavation present, excavation concave with pronounced heel, heel broadly rounded, excavation length/metatarsus length [MIPEL/MIL] 0.46, metatarsus length/width [MIL/MID] 3.54 ( Fig. 39N–O, Q ). PEDIPALP ( Fig. 39J–M ). Tibia length 3.52, width 1.44, length/width [PTL/PTD] 2.44, asetose depression present, depression length/palp tibia length [PDL/PTL] 0.56, retrolateral face with consistent covering of light setae, ventral face with two elongate bristle-like setae below depression, prolateral face with two disto-ventral spines, disto-medial spine absent ( Fig. 39J–K ); patella prolateral face with 2 spines ( Fig. 39J–K ); cymbium with scopulae present distally ( Fig. 39J–K ); copulatory organ total length 2.17, length/palp tibia length 0.62 ( Fig. 39L–M ); bulb length/width 0.87 ( Fig. 39L–M ); embolus tapering from bulb, attenuate, with wide base tapering about halfway along into attenuate apical section, one slight bend, at about 0.4 of length, slight bend before tip, width at base/bulb width 0.29, embolus length/ bulb length 2.22 ( Fig. 39L–M ). Female (QMB S118238) GENERAL ( Fig. 40A–L ). Body length 22.51, in good condition. DORSAL PROSOMA ( Fig. 40A, E–F ). Carapace length 9.70, width 8.15, length/width 1.19, clypeus to fovea length/carapace length 0.72, caput width/carapace width 0.80, carapace orange-brown, caput slightly darker than thorax and clypeus darker again, reflective setae present, moderate on caput, light on thorax, fovea procurved, fovea width/carapace length 0.16 ( Fig. 40A, F ); chelicerae dark red-brown, rastellum absent or inconspicuous, chelicerae length/carapace length 0.53 ( Fig. 40A ); eye group rectangular, width/length 1.8, eye tubercle present ( Fig. 40E ). ABDOMEN ( Fig. 40B, D ). Abdomen length 8.14, brown, dorsal pattern absent, with consistent cover of short setae. VENTRAL PROSOMA ( Fig. 40C, G–I ). Labium cuspules absent ( Fig. 40H ); maxillae heel distinct, cuspules present, count =about 110, extending posteriorly onto heel, extending laterally about 40% of maxillae length ( Fig. 40C, I ); coxae cuspules absent, thorn-like setae on prolateral face present ( Fig. 40C, I ); sternum length/width 1.14, central sternum with consistent covering of moderate setae, row of longer setae around posterior edges, distinct bald patches laterally of all sigilla ( Fig. 40G–H ); posterior sigilla semi-elongate, central sternum to posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.17, posterior sigilla length/ sternum length 0.20 ( Fig. 40G–H ); other sigilla small, round and lateral ( Fig. 40G–H ). LEG I ( Fig. 40J–K ). Leg I orange-brown, femur length 5.13, patella length 3.18, tibia length 3.53, metatarsus length 3.43, tarsus length 2.18, total length 17.45, leg I length/carapace length 1.80; scopulae on distal metatarsus and tarsus; spine count Fe D 0, Fe PL 1, Pa PL 2 (both weak), Ti PL 1, Ti RL 4 (weak), Me PL 0, Me RL 2, Ta 0; tibia length/width [TIL/TID] 3.30. GENITALIA ( Fig. 40D, L ). Epigastric furrow unmodified ( Fig. 40D ); spermathecae with two vesicles each ( Fig. 40L ); lateral vesicle relatively straight, length 0.73, lateral vesicle length/genitalia width 0.42, length/width at base 2.08, crown slightly wider than stem ( Fig. 40L ); medial vesicle with distinct basal section angled medially, before undulating anteriorly, medial vesicle length/genitalia width 0.57, length/ width 5.15, medial vesicle length/lateral vesicle length 1.36 ( Fig. 40L ). Distribution and natural history Aname eddieorum sp. nov. has a broad distribution in south-eastern Queensland and northern New South Wales , predominantly in the Brigalow Belt South bioregion. It extends from around Walgett and Inverell north to Eidsvold, and from around Roma in the west to Toowoomba in the east ( Fig. 7 ). It constructs an open, silk-lined burrow without silk outside of the entrance, often on an angle, and with a hidden secondary ‘wishbone’ entrance ( Fig. 7 ). Remarks The female allotype of A. barrema , assigned by Raven (1985), as well as several imaged specimens identified as A. barrema in that study, actually represent this species.