A new species of Pomponema Cobb, 1917 (Nematoda: Cyatholaimidae) from Northeast of Brazil, with reference to the taxonomic status of the genera Parapomponema Ott, 1972 and Propomponema Ott, 1972
Author
Cidreira, Gabriel
Author
Pinheiro-Junior, Eraldo P.
Author
Venekey, Virág
Author
De Souza Alves, Orane F.
text
Zootaxa
2019
2019-10-29
4691
1
63
77
journal article
25017
10.11646/zootaxa.4691.1.5
87c7c118-eacb-4d54-be14-db8a8b50c797
1175-5326
3527077
007AD225-030D-47D9-A6BD-268DB9C31F11
Pomponema veronicae
sp. n.
(
Figures 2
,
3
,
4
and
5
;
Table 1
)
Type material.
Holotype
male
(
MNRJ-NEMA48
)
;
paratypes
:
7 males
(
MNRJ-NEMA50
,
MPEG
.
NEM00202
,
MPEG
.
NEM00203
,
UFBA1401
,
UFBA1402
,
UFBA1403
,
UFBA1404
),
5 females
(
MNRJ-NEMA49
,
MNRJ-
NEMA51
,
MPEG
.
NEM00204
,
UFBA1405
,
UFBA1406
) and
4 juveniles
(
MNRJ-NEMA52
,
MPEG
.
NEM00205
,
UFBA1407
,
UFBA1408
).
Pomponema
veronicae
sp.
n.
was found in the three strata collected.
Type locality.
Intertidal zone of Itapuã beach (between
12°57’25”S
,
38°21’13”W
and
12°57’24”S
,
38°21’19”W
), northeast of
Brazil
. This beach is
1.5 km
long (
Silva
et al.
2009
) and its sediment is composed of fine to medium sized sand grains (
Bittencourt 1975
).
Etymology.
The specific epithet is given in honor of the memory of professor Dr. Verônica Gomes da Fonsêca- Genevois, in recognition of her contribution to nematode ecology and taxonomy.
Description.
Holotype
and
paratype
males.
Body slender, 1838 μm long (
1708–1999
μm) (
Figs. 2A
and
3A
). Cuticle with transverse rows of dots. Lateral differentiation consisting of two longitudinal rows of dots with transverse bars, beginning approximately at middle of pharynx (
Figs. 2D, 2E
and
3D
). Head with six setiform inner labial sensilla, 9 μm long (9–10 μm) followed by six setiform outer labial sensilla, 21 μm long (20–23 μm). Cephalic setae difficult to observe probably because the outer labial setae are jointed in the same circle with cephalic setae, and so small and adherent to the six larger setae that they cannot be detected, or they are absent. Amphideal fovea dorsally multispiral with 4½ turns, 16 μm in diameter (16–17 μm), 49% of the corresponding body diameter (44–50%), situated at the level of buccal cavity (
Fig. 2B
). Buccal cavity large, cheilostom with distinctly cuticularized twelve rugae and pharyngostom with a large pointed dorsal tooth, two subventral teeth, and pairs of denticles (
Figs. 2C
and
3C
). Pharynx cylindrical, slightly enlarged posteriorly, but without forming a bulb (
Fig. 2D
). Cardia not distinct. Nerve ring at 113 μm from anterior end (119–136 μm). Excretory pore opening at 134 μm from anterior end (127–148 μm). Two testes. Spicules slightly arched with distal expansion, 46 μm long (44–47 μm). Gubernaculum with two L-shaped lateral plates (
Figs. 2H
and
3F
). Gubernaculum with a membrane at its distal end that connects to L-shaped plate. Ventral orifice at distal end of L-shaped plates present. Twenty precloacal supplements, 7–8 μm long (8–9 μm) and with 7–8 μm of distance between them (6–8 μm), consisting of an outer plate and an inner plate crossed by a fine canal (
Fig. 2G
). Tail conico-cylindrical with a swollen tip and with short lateral setae, 7.9 of the anal body diameter (6.8–7.9) (
Figs. 2F
and
3E
).
FIGURE 2.
Pomponema veronicae
sp. n.
, holotype male MNRJ-NEMA48. A: overview; B: lateral view of anterior end, showing amphideal fovea, head setae and lateral punctations of cuticle; C: buccal cavity showing dorsal tooth, pairs of small subventral teeth and pairs of denticles; D: lateral differentiation of cuticle and pharynx; E: lateral differentiation of cuticle; F: lateral view of posterior end, showing precloacal supplements, spicule, gubernaculum, caudal glands and tail; G: precloacal supplements; H: spicule and gubernaculum.
FIGURE 3.
Pomponema veronicae
sp. n.
, holotype male MNRJ-NEMA48. A: overview; B: lateral view of anterior end, showing head setae, buccal cavity with dorsal tooth (1) and pairs of small subventral teeth (2); C: buccal cavity showing pairs of denticles; D: lateral differentiation of cuticle; E: lateral view of posterior end, showing precloacal supplements (1), spicules and gubernaculum (2), and tail; F: precloacal supplements (1), spicules and gubernaculum (2).
FIGURE 4.
Pomponema veronicae
sp. n.
, paratype female MNRJ-NEMA49. A: overview; B: lateral view of anterior end, showing amphideal fovea, head setae and lateral punctations of cuticle; C: buccal cavity showing dorsal tooth, pairs of small subventral teeth and pairs of denticles; D: reproductive system; E: lateral view of posterior end, showing anus, lateral differentiation of cuticle and tail.
FIGURE 5.
Pomponema veronicae
sp. n.
, paratype female MNRJ-NEMA49. A: overview; B: lateral view of anterior end, showing amphideal fovea and lateral punctations of cuticle; C: buccal cavity showing dorsal tooth (1) and pairs of small subventral teeth (2); D: reproductive system showing vulva; E: lateral view of posterior end, showing anus.
Paratype
females.
Similar to males in most morphological characters, except for smaller amphideal fovea diameter (
10–14 µm
), 33–34% of the corresponding body diameter with 3½ turns (
Fig. 4B
), and tail slightly longer than males (
266–336 µm
). Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic, with gonads situated ventrally (
Figs. 4A, 4D
and
5D
). Vulva slit-like, located approximately midway of body, 46–51% of total body length (
843–1036 µm
distant from anterior end).
Juveniles.
Similar to adults, except for smaller size of morphological characters, fewer turns of amphideal fovea (3¼), absence of some characteristics such as supplements, and reproductive system immature.