Some shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the central east coast of Florida, USA Author Calder, Dale R. text Zootaxa 2013 2013-05-14 3648 1 1 72 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3648.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3648.1.1 1175-5326 5264362 22089255-436A-4DBB-BD93-1D3C8CF281FE Aglaophenia latecarinata Allman, 1877 Fig. 14b Aglaophenia late-carinata Allman, 1877: 56 [incorrect original spelling]. Aglaophenia latecarinata .— Leloup, 1935: 57 .— Fraser, 1944: 378 . Type locality. Gulf of Mexico ...attached to Gulf Weed ” ( Allman 1877: 56 ) . Voucher material. Off St. Lucie Inlet , 27°10.8’N , 80°02.5’W , 21.6 m , 24.vii.1975 , on algae, one colony, cormoids up to 1.4 cm high, without gonophores, coll. T. Askew , ROMIZ B1086 .— Fort Pierce , Fort Pierce Inlet State Park , 27°28’29.5”N , 80°17’25.8”W , on stranded Sargassum fluitans , 14.vii.2012 , 28° C, 35‰, collected manually, two colonies, up to 7 mm high, without gonophores, coll. D.R. Calder , ROMIZ B3978 . FIGURE 14. a, Aglaophenia dubia : part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1125, scale equals 0.10 mm. b, Aglaophenia latecarinata : part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1086, scale equals 0.10 mm. c, Aglaophenia rhynchocarpa : part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1083, scale equals 0.10 mm. d, Aglaophenia trifida : part of a hydrocladium with three hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1086, scale equals 0.10 mm. e, Gymnangium speciosum : part of a hydrocladium with three hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1131, scale equals 0.20 mm. f, Macrorhynchia allmani : part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, ROMIZ B3982, scale equals 0.10 mm. g, Macrorhynchia clarkei : part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1129, scale equals 0.10 mm. h, Macrorhynchia clarkei : a single phylactogonium from a pseudocorbula, ROMIZ B1129, scale equals 0.25 mm. i, Macrorhynchia philippina : part of a hydrocladium with three hydrothecae, ROMIZ B1092. Scale equals 0.10 mm. Remarks . Although often reported from hard bottoms, Aglaophenia latecarinata Allman, 1877 is also a conspicuous epibiont of the pelagic gulfweed species Sargassum fluitans ( Calder 1995 ) . As such it is ubiquitous in the Caribbean Sea (e.g., Leloup 1935 ; Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen 1965 ), Gulf of Mexico (e.g., Fraser 1944 ; Defenbaugh & Hopkins 1973 ), Florida Current (e.g., Nutting 1895 , as Aglaophenia minuta ; Bogle 1975 ), Gulf Stream (e.g., Burkenroad, in Parr 1939 , as A. minuta ; Rackley 1974 ), and Sargasso Sea (e.g., Broch 1913 ; Leloup 1937 ). Colonies on gulfweed are stunted, as with certain other Sargassum associates ( Adams 1960 ), and they typically reach only about a centimeter in height on that substrate. While the species tends to be a dominant hydroid on S. fluitans , it is much less frequent on S. natans , the other holopelagic species of gulfweed in the North Atlantic ( Calder 1995 ). Hydroids of A. latecarinata are known to occur as well on flotsam such as plastics ( Calder 1997 ). The troubled nomenclature and extensive synonymy of this species have been reviewed elsewhere ( Bogle 1975 ; Calder 1997 ; Ansín Agís et al . 2001 ). The last group of authors also provided detailed distribution records. Reported distribution. Atlantic coast of Florida . Hollywood, near Miami ( Leloup 1935 ; Fraser 1944 ). Western Atlantic. New England , on pelagic Sargassum ( Fraser 1944 ) , to Brazil (Oliveira et al . submitted), and including Bermuda and the Sargasso Sea ( Jäderholm 1896 ; Calder 1993 ), the Gulf of Mexico ( Calder & Cairns 2009 ), and the Caribbean Sea ( Galea 2010 ). Elsewhere. Warm waters of the eastern Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and western Pacific ( Ansín Agís et al . 2001 ; Park 2012 ).