Revision and molecular phylogeny of the spider genus Micaria Westring, 1851 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Author
Booysen, Ruan
0000-0002-0841-9143
booysenr@ufs.ac.za
Author
Haddad, Charles R.
0000-0002-2317-7760
haddadcr@ufs.ac.za
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-03-04
4940
1
1
82
journal article
7420
10.11646/zootaxa.4940.1.1
a09df80c-5d8b-44da-8f25-723f107c6c49
1175-5326
4580917
5F073867-F6EA-4222-A190-77F68076BE9C
Micariabimaculata
sp. nov.
Figs 13–14
,
117–120
Type material:
Holotype
:
♀
,
MAURITANIA
:
Nouakchott Region
:
Nouakchott
,
31 km
South of Nouachott
, hand collecting,
18°04.862’N
,
15°57.975’W
, leg.
F. Borgato
,
XI.1994
(CAS, CASENT 9078556).
Paratypes
:
1 ♂, same data as holotype (CASENT 9078556).
Etymology.
The name of this species is derived from the two Latin words
bi
(two) and
maculata
(spot), and refers to the two large white spots on the midline of the abdomen in both the males and females of this species.
Diagnosis.
Micaria bimaculata
sp. nov.
can be distinguished from other Afrotropical
Micaria
in bearing two large white spots on the abdomen in both sexes. Furthermore, this species’ females can be distinguished from
M. gomerae
Strand,
1911
in having copulatory ducts that are thicker and separated by their width. The males of
M. bimaculata
sp. nov.
differ from
M. gomerae
males in have a shorter embolus that curves retrolaterally, at a right angle, at half the length of the embolus. Furthermore, the median apophysis is shorter and thicker than that of
M. gomerae
(figs 63a-gin
Wunderlich 1980
).
Description. Female (
holotype
from
Nouakchott
, CASENT 9078556): Measurements:
TL 3.75, CL 1.35, CW 0.95, CL:CW 1.42, CLH 0.10, CLH:AME 1.20. Eyes: ALE 0.06, AME 0.08, PLE 0.06, PME 0.06, AME–AME 0.04, PME–PME 0.07, MOQAW 0.18, MOQPW 0.19, MOQL 0.19. SL 0.78, SW 0.57, AL 2.15, AW 1.45.
Leg
measurements:
Palpal segment lengths: 0.44, 0.19, 0.25, 0.43.
Leg
I: 0.97, 0.30, 0.49, 0.41, 0.64. II: 0.95, 0.29, 0.50, 0.40, 0.64. III: 0.87, 0.38, 0.65, 0.73, 0.59. IV: 1.40, 0.46, 0.98, 1.19, 0.87. TLoflegs (I–IV): 2.81, 2.78, 3.22, 4.90; leg formula: 4312.
FIGURES 117–120.
Genital morphology of
Micaria bimaculata
sp. nov.
: 117 female epigyne, ventral view; 118 female epigyne, dorsal view; 119 male palp, ventral view; 120 same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Colouration:
carapace brown; abdomen brown on anterior half and dark brown on posterior half; legs uniform in colour (femora may be darker in live specimens); sternum, endites, labium and chelicerae similar in colour to carapace (
Fig. 13
).
Carapace:
smooth in texture; decorated with squamose setae; pattern faded but seems to be radiating from middle; posterior margin indented medially; anterior margin of carapace narrowing slightly from coxa I; PER procurved in dorsal view, AER recurved in anterior view; fovea absent.
Chelicerae:
decorated with plumose setae; apical margin slightly thickened.
Labium:
dark spots in posterior corners; triangular in shape; tuft of setae present at tip.
Endites:
slanting inwards, constricted just above halfway; cluster of setae present on inner–apical margin.
Sternum:
darkened ridges; shield-like; broadest between coxa Iand II; posterior margin truncated between coxa IV.
Legs:
femora laterally flattened, highest at base, leg Imore pronounced in this fashion; rest of legs normal, thin.
Leg
macrosetae: Palps: 1do, 1pl, 1do, 1pl, 1pl, 2plv, 4vt.
Leg
I: I 1do, 1pl, 2plv, 2vt. II: 2do, 1pl, 1rl, 2plv, 2vt. III: 2do, 1pl, 1rl, 2pl, 1rl, 2plv, 1rlv, 2vt, 2pl, 1rl, 2plv, 2rlv, 5vt. IV: 2do, 2pl, 2rl, 2plv, 4vt, 1pl, 1rl, 2plv, 2rlv, 4vt. Legs I–IV with two rows of scopulate setae on metatarsi and four rows on tarsi.
Abdomen:
cylindrical in shape; decorated with squamose setae; dorsal pattern forming two large spots on transverse midline of abdomen (
Fig. 13
); venter similar in colour to dorsum; sigilla not visible.
Epigyne:
in ventral view, anterior hood divided, curved; posterior pockets medially between spermathecae; copulatory openings globular. In dorsal view, copulatory ducts present medially on inner apical margin of spermathecae; fertilisation ducts present on basal interior margin of spermathecae, curved laterally; spermathecae globular (
Figs 117, 118
).
Male. (
paratype
from
Nouakchott
, CASENT 9078556):
Measurements:
TL 3.25, CL 1.45, CW 1.05, CL: CW 1.38, CLH 0.13, CLH:AME 1.65. Eyes: ALE 0.06, AME 0.08, PLE 0.06, PME 0.06, AME–AME 0.02, PME– PME 0.10,
MOQAW
0.19, MOQPW 0.21, MOQL 0.22. SL 0.74, SW 0.59, AL 1.60, AW 1.10.
Leg
measurements:
Palpal
segment lengths: 0.49, 0.29, 0.30, 0.38.
Leg
I: 1.48, 0.49, 0.95, 0.81, 0.78. II: 1.13, 0.48, 0.81, 0.73, 0.78. III: 0.94, 0.44, 0.83, 0.92, 0.76. IV: 1.46, 0.46, 1.16, 1.19, 0.94. TLoflegs (I–IV): 4.51, 3.93, 3.89, 5.21; leg formula: 4123
.
MAP 2.
The distribution of
Micariabimaculata
sp. nov.
(black circle) and
M. bispicula
sp. nov.
(red stars) in the Afrotropical Region.
Colouration:
carapace dark brown; abdomen brown on anterior half and dark brown on posterior half; femora darkened partially, rest of legs normal in colour; sternum, endites, labium and chelicerae similar in colour to carapace (
Fig. 14
).
Carapace:
smooth in texture, decorated with squamose setae; pattern faded, but radiating from middle towards coxae, posterior margin similar to female; fovea absent; anterior margin of carapace narrowing slightly from coxa I; PER procurved in dorsal view, AER recurved in anterior view.
Chelicerae:
decorated with plumose setae; apical margin slightly thickened.
Labium:
dark spots in posterior corners; triangular in shape; tuft of setae present at tip.
Endites:
slanting inwards, constricted just above halfway; cluster of setae present on inner–apical margin; apical margin flattened; posterior margin bulbous.
Sternum:
darkened ridges; shield-like; broadest between coxa Iand II; posterior margin narrowly truncated between coxa IV.
Legs:
femora laterally flattened, highest at base, leg Imore pronounced in this fashion; rest of legs normal, thin.
Leg
macrosetae: Palps: 1do, 1pl, 1do, 1pl, 1pl, 1plv, 4vt.
Leg
I: 1do, 1pl. II: 2do, 2pl, 2plv, 2vt. III: 2do, 2plv, 1rl, 2pl, 2rl, 2plv, 2rlv, 2vt, 1pl, 1rl, 2l, 1rl, 4vt. IV: 2do, 1rl, 2pl, 2rl, 2plv, 2rlv, 2vt, 1pl, 1rl, 2plv, 2rlv, 4vt. Legs I–IV with two rows of scopulate setae on metatarsi and four rows on tarsi.
Abdomen:
cylindrical in shape; decorated with squamose setae; dorsal pattern forming two large spots on transverse midline of abdomen (
Fig. 14
); venter similar in colour to dorsum; sigilla not visible.
Palp:
retrolateral tibial apophysis present dorsally; median apophysis present next to embolus; median apophysis broad, elongate, bending prolaterally, skewed diagonally; sperm duct present on retrolateral surface of tegulum, curved basally; sperm duct “S” shaped before ending at embolus; embolus broad at base, strongly curved retrolaterally, tip elongate; cymbium elongate, widest near middle; cymbial tip rounded, two small spines ventrally on tip; three ventralterminalspinesinfrontof embolus (
Figs 119, 120
).
Distribution.
Micaria bimaculata
sp. nov.
is only known from the
type
locality (
Map 2
).