A revision of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) in the Neotropical Region 3030
Author
Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz
text
Zootaxa
2011
2011-09-16
3030
1
1
62
https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3030.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3030.1.1
11755334
5280554
Gasteruption bertae
n. sp.
(
Figs. 4
,
27a
)
Etymology.
The epithet for this species is in honor of Dr.
Carolina Berta
, curator of
Hymenoptera, Fundación Miguel Lillo.
Diagnosis.
Differs from other Neotropical species by the following combination of characters: head longer than wide, with posterior ocellus inserted behind the level of upper eye margin (
Fig. 4a
); metacoxa without striae (
Fig. 27a
); hind tarsus yellow basally; ovipositor sheath longer than metasoma (
Fig. 4e
); and fore wing discal cell absent.
FIGURE 4.
Gasteruption bertae
. a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
Description.
Female
(
Fig. 4e
). Length:
11.4 mm
(
7.1–13.4 mm
) (n=13); ovipositor sheath length 0.83 (0.73– 0.95) × body length.
Head.
Subtrapezoidal in dorsal view, longer than wide (
Fig. 4a
), imbricate; mandible pre-apical tooth distinct; malar space short, almost separated from gena; posterior ocellus inserted behind the level of upper eye margin; occipital carina relatively wide dorsally and laterally (
Fig. 4b
). Head length 1.49 (1.36–1.67) × eye length; eye length 21.12 (15.50–26.50) × malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 1.98 (1.67–2.50) × distance between posterior ocelli; 1
st
flagellomere 1.08 (1.00–1.33) × as long as scape, 1.26 (1.10–1.50) × as long as pedicel, 0.50 (0.36–0.79) × as long as 2
nd
flagellomere. Color: black, clypeus with anterior portion lighter than remaining, antenna black to dark brown.
Mesosoma.
Propleuron imbricate; pronotal process distinct; pronotum imbricate to punctate, area between lobes crenulate; mesonotum rounded in lateral view (
Fig. 4d
); mesoscutum and mesoscutelum punctate to sparsely punctate (
Fig. 4c
); mesepisternum imbricate dorsally and imbricate or rugulose ventrally; mesepimeron scrobiculate to rugulose; metapleuron rugulose or areolate, ventral region rugulose; propodeum areolate, longitudinal carina distinct (
Fig. 27a
); metacoxa without transversal striae. Mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 2.26 (2.01–2.53) × as long as high; propleuron 2.55 (2.07–3.28) × longer than its largest wide, 1.32 (1.21–1.43) × pronotum length; metacoxa 2.80 (2.55–3.00) × as long as wide; metatibia 4.41 (4.06–4.68) × as long as wide, 1.45 (1.36–1.54) × as long as femur, 3.17 (2.69–3.51) × as long as 1
st
tarsomere. Fore wing discal cell absent; hind wing with 3 hamuli, not or almost equidistant. Color: black; fore and middle legs with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia yellow brown to dark brown, tibia with or without a yellow longitudinal stripe, tarsus yellow, with apical tarsomeres gradually darker than basal ones; hind leg with coxa and trochanter black to dark brown, femur and tibia dark brown, subbasal portion of tibia yellow (yellow part inconspicuous in some specimens), tarsus dark brown, with base of 1
st
tarsomere yellow.
Metasoma.
Imbricate, 2.83 (2.56–3.09) × as long as mesosoma; subgenital sternun notched, Y-shaped; ovipositor sheath 1.41 (1.24–1.66) × as long as metasoma. Color: terga dark brown, with posterior regions lighter; ovipositor sheath black to dark brown, with apex yellow brown.
Male.
Similar to female.
Geographic distribution:
Argentina
(
Buenos Aires
,
Catamarca
,
Mendoza
,
Neuquén
,
Salta
)
,
Brazil
(
Santa Catarina
),
Paraguay
.
Material examined.
Holotype
, female (
IMLA
):
ARGENTINA
Catamarca
:
Los Nacimíentos de Abajo
,
Malaise
,
16–30.XI.1968
,
A. Willink
,
A. Terán
&
L.A. Stange.
Paratypes
:
ARGENTINA
:
Buenos Aires
:
unspecified locality, 1968,
J.B. Daguerre
,
1♀
(
USNM
)
;
Catamarca
:
6 km
N Belén
,
1240 m
,
Malaise
,
16–30.XI.1968
,
A. Willink
,
A. Terán
&
L.A. Stange
,
2♀
(
IMLA
)
;
La Ciénaga
,
21–22.XI.1967
,
A. Terán
&
L.A. Stange
,
1♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Los Nacimíentos de Abajo
,
16–31.X.1968
,
16– 30.XI.1968
,
16–31.XII.1968
,
16–31.I.1969
, A.
Willink
, A.
Terán
& L.A.
Stange
,
4♀
,
2♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Mendoza
:
Las Vegas
,
10 km
Potrerillos
,
20.II.1966
, L.A.
Stange
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
Uspallata
,
Haquarará, A
.
Willink
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
Neuquén
:
Collón Curá
,
19.I.1980
,
A. Willink
,
Fidalgo
,
Dominguez
&
Claps
,
2♀
,
1♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Salta
:
Yacochuia
,
Cafayete
,
1950 m
,
16–31.XII.1968
,
A. Willink
,
A. Terán
&
L.A. Stange
,
1♂
, 1 unknown gender (
IMLA
)
;
BRA-
ZIL
:
Santa Catarina
:
Nova Teutônia
,
4.XI.1955
,
F. Plaumann
,
1♀
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
PARAGUAY
:
Departamento Central
:
Areguá
,
XI.1980
, D.C.
Lowrie
,
1♀
(
USNM
)
;
Paraguarí
:
Caballero
,
24.XI.1971
,
L.E. Peña
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
.
Gasteruption bispinosum
Kieffer, 1904
(
Figs. 1a, 1c–e
,
5
,
27b
)
Gasteruption bispinosum
Kieffer, 1904: 17
(description);
Kieffer, 1912: 238
(in key), 310–311 (redescription);
Hedicke, 1939: 34
(catalog);
De Santis, 1980: 297
(catalog);
Macedo, 2009: 7
(cladistic analysis).
Gasteruption fallaciosum
Szépligeti, 1903: 374–375
(description) [name preoccupied by
G fallaciosum
Semenow, 1892
];
Enderlein, 1906: 245
(male record).
Gasteruption fallax
Kieffer, 1909
(new name for
G. fallaciosum
Szépligeti
) [name preoccupied by
G. fallax
Schletterer, 1890
].
Gasteruption fallens
Kieffer, 1911b: 213
(new name for
G. fallaciosum
Szépligeti
);
Kieffer, 1912: 238–239
(in key); 308 (redescription);
Hedicke, 1939: 35
(catalog).
New synonymy
Gasteruption fiebrigi
Schrottky, 1907: 73–74
(description);
Kieffer, 1912: 238
(in key), 307 (redescription);
Hedicke, 1939: 35
(catalog);
Rasmussen
et al.,
2009: 26
(catalog).
New synonymy
Gasteruption Strandi
Kieffer, 1910a: 74–75
(description).
New synonymy
Gasteruption strandi:
Kieffer, 1912: 238–239
(in key), 311 (redescription);
Strand, 1912: 27–28
(redescription);
Hedicke, 1939: 36
(catalog).
Gasteruption bihamatum
Kieffer, 1911b: 190
(in key), 192–193 (description);
Kieffer, 1912: 235
(in key), 297–298 (description, incorrectly recorded in Southern
China
);
Hedicke, 1939: 34
(catalog);
Pasteels, 1958a: 175
(incorrectly keyed to Palearctic region), 202–204 (redescription).
New synonymy
Gasteruption leptodomum
Kieffer, 1911b: 192
(in key), 210–211 (description);
Kieffer, 1912: 244
(in key), 340 (description);
Hedicke, 1939: 35
(catalog).
New synonymy
Gasteruption montivagum
Kieffer, 1911b: 192
(in key), 209 (description);
Kieffer, 1912: 239
(in key), 314 (redescription);
Hedicke, 1939: 36
(catalog).
New synonymy
Diagnosis.
Differs from both
G. brachychaetum
and
G. amputatum
by the longer ovipositor sheath (0.41–0.66 times as long as metasoma); and the subgenital sternun notched, Y-shaped. Differs from other Neotropical species by the shorter ovipositor sheath; and the fore wing discal cell present (
Fig. 1a
).
Redescription.
Female
(
Figs. 1a
,
5e
). Length:
14.9 mm
(10.5–16.0 mm) (n=40); ovipositor sheath length 0.36 (0.26–0.42) × body length.
Head.
Subtrapezoidal in dorsal view, as long as wide (
Fig. 5a
), punctulate; mandible pre-apical tooth distinct; malar space short, almost separated from gena; posterior ocellus inserted at the level of upper eye margin; occipital carina relatively wide dorsally and laterally (
Fig. 5b
). Head length 1.26 (1.19–1.35) × eye length; eye length 18.93 (10.83–25.67) × malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 1.90 (1.63–2.15) × distance between posterior ocelli; 1
st
flagellomere 1.27 (1.08–1.47) × as long as scape, 1.83 (1.45–2.25) × as long as pedicel, 0.75 (0.56–0.91) × as long as 2
nd
flagellomere. Color: black, clypeus with anterior portion lighter than remaining, antenna black to dark brown (or apical flagellomeres lighter).
Mesosoma.
Propleuron rugulose dorsally, sparsely punctate laterally; pronotal process distinct; pronotum ventral lobe imbricate rugulose, dorsal and posterior lobes imbricate, area between lobes crenulate; mesonotum rounded in lateral view (
Fig. 5d
); mesoscutum sparsely to densely punctate (
Fig. 5c
); mesoscutelum imbricate, with sparse punctation; mesepisternum imbricate dorsally and areolate ventrally; mesepimeron scrobiculate; metapleuron areolate, ventral region with a reduced smooth portion; propodeum areolate, longitudinal carina indistinct (
Fig. 27b
); metacoxa finely striate. Mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.65 (1.50–1.79) × as long as high; propleuron 1.68 (1.51–1.96) × longer than its largest wide, 1.11 (0.99–1.26) × pronotum length; metacoxa 3.07 (2.64–3.56) × as long as wide; metatibia 5.10 (4.69–5.80) × as long as wide, 1.36 (1.26–1.45) × as long as femur, 2.68 (2.51– 3.09) × as long as 1
st
tarsomere. Fore wing discal cell subtrapezoidal, subtriangular, or petiolate (
Figs. 1c–e
); hind wing with 3 hamuli (rarely 2 or 4), not equidistant. Color: propleuron and mesonotum black; pronotum red brown; mesopleuron and metapleuron red brown (with some black areas in several specimens); propodeum red brown (mesosoma, except for legs, can be entirely black or entirely red brown in some specimens); fore and middle legs with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia red brown to dark brown, tibia with a yellow longitudinal stripe, tarsus yellow; hind leg with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia dark brown, subbasal portion of tibia yellow, 1
st
tarsomere yellow, with base dark brown, 2
nd
yellow, 3
rd
–5
th
dark brown.
Metasoma.
Imbricate, 3.09 (2.83–3.42) × as long as mesosoma; subgenital sternun notched, Y-shaped; ovipositor sheath 0.57 (0.41–0.66) × as long as metasoma. Color: dark brown to black (rarely yellow brown); ovipositor sheath dark brown, with apex yellow brown.
Male.
First record. Similar to female; hind tarsus usually entirely dark brown.
Geographic distribution:
Argentina
(
Corrientes
,
Misiones
,
Salta
,
Tucumán
)
,
Bolivia
,
Brazil
(
Distrito Federal
,
Espírito Santo
,
Maranhão
,
Minas Gerais
,
Mato Grosso
, Pará,
Paraná
,
Rio de Janeiro
,
Rio Grande do Sul
,
Santa Catarina
,
São Paulo
)
,
Colombia
,
Costa Rica
,
Ecuador
,
Guyana
,
Mexico
(
Chiapas
,
Guerrero
,
Oaxaca
,
Veracruz
)
,
Panama
,
Paraguay
,
Peru
,
Suriname
,
Trinidad and Tobago
,
Venezuela
.
Material examined.
Gasteruption bispinosum
,
syntype
female (
MNHN
).
BRAZIL
:
Goiás
:
Jataí. Label information of locality is the same of the type locality.
Gasteruption fallaciosum
Szépligeti
,
syntype
female (
HNHM
).
BRAZIL
:
São Paulo
:
São Paulo
.
Gasteruption strandi
,
3 syntypes
(
ZMHB
):
PARAGUAY
:
Cordillera
:
San Bernardino, K
. Fiebrig
,
1 female
,
1 male
;
COLOMBIA
:
San Benito, Micholitz
,
1 female
.
Gasteruption bihamatum
,
syntype
female (
BMNH
no. 3a 204):
BRAZIL
:
“
Fleuve des Amazones
”
.
Gasteruption leptodomum
,
syntype
male (
BMNH
no. 3a 212):
GUYANA
:
Muso
.
Gasteruption montivagum
,
syntype
male (
BMNH
no. 3a 200):
MEXICO
:
Guerrero
:
Sierra Colorada
,
666 m
,
H.H. Smith.
FIGURE 5.
Gasteruption bispinosum
. a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
Other material.
ARGENTINA
:
Corrientes
:
Ca. Virasoro
,
Lãs Marias
,
10–15.XI.1969
,
C. Porter
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
Misiones
:
San Pedro
,
16.XI.1973
,
A. Willink
&
Tomsic
,
1♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Reserva de la Vida Silvestre Uruguaí
,
25.58ºS
54.07º,
400 m
,
Malaise
,
10.XII.2003
,
B. Brown
&
G. Kung
,
1♂
(
HIC
)
;
Iguazú Nat. Park
,
10– 11.IV.1974
, C.
R
.
Vardy
,
1♀
(
BMNH
)
;
Salta
:
Tartagal
,
I.1972
,
M. Fritz
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Tucumán
:
Burruyacú
, Far-
allón
Blanco
,
7.II.1961
,
R
.
Golbach
,
1♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Burruyacú
,
V
.
Padre Monti
,
17.I–7.II.1948
,
R
.
Golbach
,
3♀
(
IMLA
)
;
Quebrada de Lules
,
14.IV.1966
,
L.A. Stange
,
1♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Raco
,
18.I.1973
,
L.A. Stange
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
S.
Pedro de Colalao
,
1200 m
,
J.M. Arnau
,
1♂
(
CNCI
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
,
IV.1941
,
Girard
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
,
22.XII.1965
,
26.XII.1965
,
L.A. Stange
,
1♀
,
2♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
,
26.XII.1965
,
1.I.1966
,
18.I.1966
,
9.I.1966
,
H. & M. Townes
,
27♀
,
4♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
,
Malaise
,
4–12.I.1966
,
8–14.V.1966
,
L.A. Stange
,
6♀
,
2♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
,
19.I.1966
,
26.III.1966
,
29.III.1966
,
4.III.1975
,
L.A. Stange
,
5♀
,
5♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
,
20–27.I.1966
,
28.I–3.II.1966
,
7–13.III.1966
,
L.A. Stange
,
6♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
2–9.X.1969,
9.II.1970
,
4.IV.1970
,
C. Porter
,
1♀
,
2♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Tafi
,
Horco Molle
,
XII.1978
,
C. Porter
,
2♀
(
CNCI
)
;
Villa Nougués
,
XII.1928
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Villa Nogués
,
23.XII.1965
,
1.I.1966
,
3–17.I.1966
,
3–17.I.1966
,
H. & M. Townes
,
7♀
,
2♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Villa P. Monti
,
1.II.1948
,
R
.
Golbach
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
BOLIVIA
:
Beni
:
40 km
E San Borja
,
Estacion Biologica Beni
,
Palm Camp
at
Rio Curiraba
,
6–15.IX.1987
,
R
.
J. McGinley
,
1♂
(
USNM
)
;
Cochabamba
:
Villa Tunari
,
16º54'55''S
65º22'06''W
,
1♀
(
CNCI
)
;
La Paz
:
Alto Beni, S
.
Inicua
,
1100 m
,
15–18.I.1976
, L.E.
Peña
,
2♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Santa Cruz
:
Estac. Experimental General Saavedra
,
9.VII.1972
, C.
Porter
&
L.A. Stange
,
3♂
(
IMLA
)
;
Rio Mamore
,
2 km
N mouth of
Rio Chapare
,
20–31.VII.1965
,
J.K. Bouseman
,
1♀
(
AMNH
)
;
BRA-
ZIL
:
Distrito Federal
:
Brasília
,
Res. Ecol.
IBGE
,
BR 251
, km 0,
22–26.XII.1978
,
1♀
,
1♂
(
DIVE
)
;
Espírito Santo
:
Domingos Martins
,
Mata Pico do Eldorado
,
20
o
22’17”S
40
o
30’29”W
,
Malaise
,
03–10.XII.2004
, M.
T
.
Tavares
& equipe,
1♀
(
MZSP
)
;
Goiás
:
Goiás Velho
,
4.VII.1981
,
1♂
(
DIVE
)
;
Maranhão
:
Imperatriz
,
Ribeirãozinho
,
Malaise
,
5–10.VIII.1989
,
F.F. Ramos
,
1♀
(
MPEG
)
;
Minas Gerais
:
Barbacena
,
14–16.I.1962
,
M. Alvarenga
,
1♀
(
DZUP
)
;
São Gonçalo
Rio Abaixo
,
Est. Amb. Peti Cemig
,
18–25.X.2002
,
A.F. Kumagai
,
1♀
(
MZSP
)
;
Mato Grosso
:
Corumbá
,
Serra do Urucum
,
25.XI.1960
,
K. Lenko
,
1♂
(
MZSP
)
;
Cáceres
,
XI.1984
,
M. Alvarenga
,
6♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Chapada
dos
Guimarães
,
800 m
,
VII.1983
,
M. Alvarenga
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Sinop
,
12º31'S
55º37'W
,
X.1974
,
M. Alvarenga
,
1♀
,
14♂
(
AEIC
)
;
12
o
50'S
51
o
47'W
,
10.X.1968
, O.W.
Richards
,
1♂
(
BMNH
)
;
Pará
:
Belém
,
Mocambo
,
9.XI.1991
,
1♀
(
MPEG
)
;
Óbidos
,
Ramal do Benedito
,
Prox. Lagoa Curumu
,
01º49'22''S
55º07'01''W
,
29–31.VIII.2001
,
J.A. Rafael
&
J. Vidal
,
1♀
(
INPA
)
;
Serra Norte
,
Est. da Serraria
,
Malaise
,
10–15.IX.1983
,
F.F. Ramos
,
1♀
(
MPEG
)
;
Paraná
:
unspecified locality,
03.XII.2003
,
A. Menezes Jr.
,
1♀
(
UEL
)
;
8 km
NW Antonina
,
Rio Catitu
, PR 405,
15.
VI
.2001
, G.A.
R
.
Melo
,
1♀
(
DZUP
)
;
Caviúna
,
XII.1945
,
IX.1947
,
A. Maller
,
3♀
,
1♂
(
AMNH
)
;
Jundiaí do Sul
,
Fazenda Monte Verde
,
11.VIII.1986
,
18.VIII.1986
,
13.X.1986
,
3♀
(
DZUP
)
;
Morretes
,
Malaise
,
29.X–5.XI.1984
,
04–11.III.1985
,
2♀
(
DZUP
)
;
Morretes
,
Alto da Serra
,
6.II.1966
,
H. & M. Townes
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Pedra do Indaiá
,
1.II.2004
,
A. Menezes Jr.
,
1♀
,
1♂
(
UEL
)
;
Ponta Grossa
,
Vila Velha
,
Reserva
IAPAR
,
Malaise
,
01.IX.1986
,
15.IX.1986
,
06.X.1986
,
20.X.1986
,
2.XI.1987
,
1.XII.1987
,
4.I.1988
,
11.I.1988
,
4.IV.1988
,
18.IV.1988
,
Lev. Ent. Profaupar
,
7♀
,
6♂
(
DZUP
)
;
Porto Cabral
,
1–25.IV.1944
,
Exp.Dep.Zool.
,
1♂
(
DZUP
)
;
Telêmaco Borba
,
Reserva Samuel Klabin
,
Malaise
,
18.VIII.1986
,
15.IX.1986
,
15.XII.1986
,
22.XII.1986
,
29.XII.1986
,
02.II.1987
,
02.III.1987
,
09.III.1987
,
09.III.1987
,
13.IV.1987
,
27.IV.1987
,
01.VIII.1987
,
17.VIII.1987
,
31.VIII.1987
,
21.IX.1987
,
5.X.1987
,
12.X.1987
,
19.X.1987
,
2.XI.1987
,
21.XI.1987
,
14.XII.1987
,
28.XII.1987
,
Lev. Ent. Profaupar
,
12♀
,
26♂
(
DZUP
)
;
Rio de Janeiro
:
Estrada Rio - São Paulo
, km 47,
15.XI.1948
, J.F.
Zikán
,
1♀
(
MNRJ
)
;
Itatiaia
,
I.1974
,
F. Lane
,
1♀
(
MZSP
)
;
Itatiaia
,
700 m
,
1.IV.1941
,
J.F. Zikán
,
1♀
,
1♂
(
FIOC
)
;
Rio Grande do Sul
:
Tenente Portela
,
Parguedo Turvo
,
02–05.XII.1985
,
J.Q. Cure
,
1♀
(
DZUP
)
;
Santa Catarina
:
Nova Teutônia
,
22.III.1936
,
24.III.1936
,
25.III.1936
,
25.II.1937
,
26.II.1937
,
7.IV.1937
,
VI.1937
,
3.II.1938
,
14.II.1938
,
12.IX.1938
,
8.XI.1938
,
24.XI.1938
,
12.XII.1938
,
24.I.1939
,
3.II.1939
,
4.II.1939
,
9.II.1939
, F.
Plaumann
,
16♀
,
3♂
(
BMNH
)
;
Nova Teutônia
,
21.III.1941
,
24.III.1941
,
1.VIII.1941
,
18.III.1948
,
25.IV.1948
,
29.IV.1948
,
12.III.1951
,
23.III.1951
,
27.III.1951
,
25.III.1952
,
13.IV.1952
,
21.IV.1952
,
3.V.1952
,
26.IX.1952
,
10.X.1952
,
22.X.1952
,
3.XII.1952
,
27.XII.1952
,
17.I.1956
,
IV.1968
,
VI.1970
,
X.1970
,
F. Plaumann
,
13♀
,
12♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Nova Teutônia
,
1.IX.1948
,
12.III.1951
,
14.I.1960
,
23.III.1960
,
5.IV.1960
,
13.IV.1960
,
23.IV.1960
,
1.II.1961
,
1.VI.1961
, 1962,
V.1966
,
XI.1968
,
F. Plaumann
,
10♀
,
7♂
(
CNCI
)
;
Nova Teutônia
,
III.1977
,
X.1977
,
F. Plaumann
,
4♀
(
DZUP
)
;
São Paulo
:
Araçatuba
,
X.1961
,
J. Lane
&
Rabello
,
15♂
(
MZSP
)
;
Barueri
,
25.VIII.1955
,
K. Lenko
,
1♀
(
MNRJ
)
;
Cajuru
, Faz.
Rio Grande
,
21º12'S
47º09'W
,
Malaise
branca,
18.XII.1999
–
10.I.2000
, G.A.
R
.
Melo
&
Nascimento
,
3♀
(
DZUP
)
;
Campinas
,
Bairro Cidade Universitária
,
Malaise
,
29.IX–13.X.1986
,
A. Ruszczyk
,
2♀
(
DZUP
)
;
Campinas
,
Bosque dos Jequitibás
,
Malaise
,
15.VII–01.VIII.1986
;
16–29.IX.1986
,
13–28.X.1986
0–
24.XI.1986
,
24.XI– 11.XII.1986
,
05–19.I.1987
,
A. Ruszczyk
,
7♀
,
4♂
(
DZUP
)
;
Campinas
,
Reserva Municipal de Santa Genebra
,
Malaise
,
1–15.XI.1990
,
21.III–07.IV.1991
,
A. Ruszczyk
,
2♀
,
1♂
(
DZUP
)
;
Esperança do Sul
,
28.IV.1968
,
K. Lenko
,
1♀
(
MZSP
)
;
Ribeirão Preto
,
EERP-MST
,
21
o
13’33”S
47
o
51’21”,
02.II.2009
,
G. Biffi
&
E.A. Nascimento
,
1♂
(
MZSP
); Rio Claro,
FEENA
, Malaise,
10.IX–01.X.2005
, J.
T
. Dias,
1♀
(
MZSP
); Salesópolis, Est. Biológica de Boracéia,
23º39'0,1"S
45º53'51,0", Malaise,
18–28.IV.2003
,
A. P. Aguiar
&
F. M. Rodrigues
,
2♀
(
MZSP
)
;
Salesópolis
,
Est. Biológica de Boracéia
,
23
o
38’17”S
45
o
51’13”W
,
Malaise
,
30.iii–13.iv.2008
,
Nihei
,
Figueiredo
&
Andrade
,
1♀
(
MZSP
)
;
São José
do Barreiro, Serra
da Bocaina
,
1650 m
,
XI.1968
,
M. Alvarenga
&
Seabra
,
2♀
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Teodoro Sampaio
,
XI.1977
,
M. Alvarenga
,
3♀
,
19♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Teodoro Sampaio
,
XI.1985
,
F.M. Oliveira
,
3♀
,
8♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Ubatuba, P
.
Est. Serra do Mar
, N.
Picinguaba
,
23º17'56.4"S
44º47'49.2"W
,
600 m
,
24.I.2002
,
N.W. Perioto
,
1♀
(
MZSP
)
;
Ubatuba, P
.
Est. Serra do Mar
, N.
Picinguaba
,
23º17'56.4"S
44º47'49.2"W
,
600 m
,
Malaise
,
20– 23.I.2006
,
E.F. Santos
&
C.P. Scott-Santos
,
2♀
(
MZSP
)
;
COLOMBIA
:
Magdalena
:
PNN
Tayrona Cañaveral
,
11
o
20`N
74
o
2`W
,
30 m
,
15.XII.2000
–
2.I.2001
, 30.VIII.
19.IX.2000
,
R
.
Henriquez
,
2♀
(
IAVH
)
;
Valle del Cauca
:
15 km
NW Cali
,
Rio Cauca
com
Rio Amaíme
,
5.IX.1975
,
L.A. Stange
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
COSTA RICA
:
Alajuela
:
5 km
W San Ramón
,
1200 m
,
VII.1997
,
O. Castro
&
P. Hanson
,
1♀
(
MUCR
)
;
Est. Biol. San Ramón
,
900 m
,
IV–
V
.2000
,
P. Hanson
,
2♀
(
MUCR
)
;
P.N. Arenal
,
San
Carlos, La Fortuna,
Cmno
a
Estacíon
,
600 m
,
27.
VI
.2001
,
G. Garballo
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
P.N. Arenal
,
San
Carlos, La Fortuna, Send. Mena,
600 m
,
16.VII.2001
,
G. Garballo
,
1♂
(
INBC
)
;
Pena Blanca
,
700 m
,
7.VII.1987
,
E. Cruz
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
R
.
B. San Ramón
,
800 m
,
Malaise
,
IV.1997
,
G. Garballo
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
San Ramón
,
Res. Biol. A. Brenes
,
900 m
,
V
.2000
,
P. Hanson
,
1♀
(
MUCR
)
;
Cartago
:
Dulce Nombre
,
Veveiro Linda Vista
,
1300 m
,
VIII–X.1993
, P.
Hanson
,
1♀
(
MUCR
)
;
Quebrada Segunda, P.N
.
Tapanti
,
1150 m
,
V
.1994
, G.
Mora
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
Quebrada Segunda, P.N
.
Tapanti
,
1250 m
,
X.1992
, G.
Mora
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
Turrialba
,
Tayutic, P.N
.
Barbilla
,
Sector
el
Jardin
,
1400 m
,
9.
VI
.2002
,
E. Leon
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
Guanacaste
:
6 km
NE Queb. Grande de Libéria
,
700 m
,
II.1992
, III curso
Parataxon
,
1♂
(
INBC
)
;
Est. Los Almendors
,
300 m
,
6–20.I.1995
,
E.E. Lopez
,
1♂
(
INBC
)
;
Est. Cacao
, lado NW del
Volcan Cação
,
1000–1400 m
,
Malaise
,
III–VIII.1990
,
2♀
(
INBC
)
;
Est. Cacao
, lado noroeste del
Volcan Cação
,
1000–1400 m
,
Malaise
,
IX.1989
,
R
.
Blanco
&
C. Chaves
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
Est. Pitilla
,
9 km
S Cecília
,
P. N. Guanacaste
,
700 m
,
Malaise
,
19.
V
–3.
VI
.1993
, C.
Moraga
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
Est. Pitilla, P.N
.
Guanacaste
,
680 m
,
XI.1988
,
I. Gauld
&
Mitchell
,
1♀
(
MUCR
)
;
Est. Pitilla
, Sta
Cecília
,
700 m
,
Malaise
,
1– 15.VII.1992
,
P. Rios
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
P.N. Santa Rosa
,
50 m
, I.
Gauld
,
1♀
(
MUCR
)
;
P.N. Santa Rosa
,
Hacienda
4–C,
1♀
(
MUCR
)
;
Santa Rosa Park
,
Riparian
,
17.
V
.1976
,
D.H. Janzen
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Heredia
:
Est. El Ceibo, P.N.Bráulio Carrillo
,
400–600 m
,
II.1990
, C.
Chaves
,
1♂
(
INBC
)
;
La Selva
, OEC,
Pto. Viejo
,
100 m
,
IV.1991
,
P. Hanson
&
C. Godoy
,
1♀
(
MUCR
)
;
Limón
:
Valle
de la Estrela,
R
.
B. Hitory Cerere
,
Sendero Bobócara
,
300 m
,
18–30.XI.2000
, F.
Umana
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
Puntarenas
:
Fca. Cafrosa
,
Send.
al
Progresso
,
1.5 km
NE de Progresso
,
Rede de Golpe
,
11.IX.1997
,
A. Picado
,
1♀
(
INBC
)
;
San
Vito, Estac. Biol. Las Alturas,
1500 m
,
I.1992
,
II.1992
,
III.1992
,
P. Hanson
&
C. Godoy
,
3♀
(
MUCR
)
;
San José
:
Escazú
,
20.
V
.1987
,
H. & M. Townes
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
San José
,
3.X.1927
,
H. Schmidt
,
1♀
(
DEIC
)
;
San José
,
Bosquecito
, UCR,
15.X.1983
,
1♀
(
MNCR
)
;
Zurquí de Moravia
,
1600 m
,
II.1995
,
VI.1995
,
VIII.1995
, P.
Hanson
,
3♀
(
MUCR
)
;
ECUADOR
:
Azuay
:
Banos
,
1900 m
,
8.V.1937
,
7.VI.1937
,
W. Clarke
&
MacIntryre
,
1♀
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Manabí
:
Garrapata
,
W Sto. Domingo
,
28.VII.1970
,
L.E. Peña
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Napo
:
Res. Ethnica Waorani
,
1 km
S Onkone Gare Camp.
,
Camp.Trans.Ent.
,
00
o
39´10"S
076
o
26`W
,
220 m
,
Insectidal
fogging,
6.X.1994
,
T
.
L. Erwin
,
1♀
(
USNM
)
;
Tena
:
Libertad
,
10–13.
V
.1963
,
L.E. Peña
,
1♀
(
CNCI
)
;
MEX- ICO:
unspecified locality,
1♀
(
ANSP
)
;
unspecified locality, 1867, O.
Sichl.
,
2♀
,
1♂
(
MNHN
)
;
Chiapas
:
Palenque
,
100 m
,
2–23.VII.1983
,
S. & J. Peck
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Oaxaca
:
6 mi
S Valle Nacional
,
18.
V
.1971
,
H. Howden
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Veracruz
:
Cordoba
,
Crawford
,
2♀
,
2♂
(
USNM
)
;
S. Lucrecia
,
Crawford
,
1♂
(
USNM
)
;
PANAMA
:
Darién
:
P.N. Darién
,
Pirre Est. Rancho Frio
,
80 m
,
Malaise
, 21.III–04.IV.2000,
16.IX.2000
–
17.I.2001
,
R
.
Cambra
,
A. Santos
&
Bermudez
,
2♀
(
GBFM
)
;
Veraguas
:
P.N. Coíba
,
Isla Coíba
,
Cerrola Torre
,
270 m
,
Malaise
,
7– 13.III.1998
,
R
.
Cambra
& A.
Santos
,
1♀
(
GBFM
)
;
PARAGUAY
:
Sommerfield
,
IV.1960
,
Andrade
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
Cordillera
:
Colonia Pirareta
,
23.XII.1971
,
24.XII.1971
,
L.E. Peña
,
2♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Itapúa
:
Pirapó
,
29.XII.1971
,
L.E. Peña
,
1♀
,
2♂
(
AEIC
)
;
PERU
:
Cusco
:
Machu Piccho
,
28.XI.1965
,
H. & M. Townes
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Santa Isabel
,
River Ceosnipata
,
Rain Forest
,
7.XII.1951
,
Woytkowski
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Quincemil
,
IX.1972
,
L.E. Peña
,
1♀
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
La Liberdad
:
Samne
,
40 km
NE Trujillo
,
7
o
9'S
78
o
41'W
,
1500 m
,
12–17.VII.1975
,
C. Porter
&
L.A. Stange
,
1♀
(
IMLA
)
;
Loreto
:
Avispas
, nr.
Marcapata
,
IX.1972
,
L.E. Peña
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
Pucallpa
,
17.IV.1962
,
J.M. Schunke
,
1♀
(
BMNH
)
;
SURINAME
:
45 km
S Paramaribo
,
24–26.IX.1963
, D.C.
Geijskes
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
;
TRINI- DAD AND
TOBAGO
:
8 km
N Arima
,
Simla Res. Sta.
,
240 m
tropical for.,
6–10.
VI
.1993
,
S. & J. Peck
,
1♀
,
1♂
(
CNCI
)
;
Balandra Bay
,
12–15.VIII.1969
,
F. Bennett
,
1♂
(
CNCI
)
;
Maracas
,
Valley
above
Loango
,
600 m
, montane rainforest,
9–22.
VI
.1993
,
S. & J. Peck
,
1♀
,
3♂
(
CNCI
)
;
Morne Bleu
,
4.VIII.1969
,
H. & A. Howden
,
2♀
(
CNCI
)
;
Morne Bleu
,
7–28.VIII.1969
,
H. & A. Howden
,
10♀
,
5♂
(
AEIC
)
;
St. George
,
St. Augustine
,
VIII.1976
,
F.D. Bennett
,
3♀
(
BMNH
)
;
Verdant Vale
,
28–30.X.1918
,
Urich
&
Morrison
,
1♀
(
USNM
)
;
VENEZUELA
:
Aragua
:
El Límon
,
480 m
,
16–22.IV.1973
,
C.J. Rosales
,
1♂
(
MIZA
)
;
Rancho Grande N.P.
,
1100 m
, cloud for.,
Maxinet
18.VIII–3.IX.1992
,
L. Masner
,
1♀
(
CNCI
)
;
Rancho Grande
,
1100 m
,
25.VIII.1955
,
1♀
(
MIZA
)
;
Rancho Grande
,
1100 m
,
22.
VI
.1972
,
A. Montagne
,
1♀
(
MIZA
)
;
Rancho Grande
,
La Toma
,
1100 m
,
Maxinet
23.
VI
.1994
,
J. L. García
&
A. Chacon
,
1♀
(
MIZA
)
;
Tiara
,
1200 m
,
Malaise
,
13–20.
V
.1996
,
A. Chacón
,
1♂
(
MIZA
)
;
Villa de Cura
,
Est. Exp. Cataurito
,
18.III.1981
,
J.L. García
,
1♀
(
MIZA
)
;
Barinas
:
Barinas
,
I.1943
,
P. Anduza
,
1♂
(
AEIC
)
;
Cojedes
:
El Pao. Higuerotal
,
9
o
49'27"N
68
o
2'50"W
,
376 m
,
10–17.
V
.1995
,
A. Alemán
,
1♀
,
3♂
(
MIZA
)
;
Táchira
:
Pregonero
,
Camp. Siberia
,
Hospital
,
1280 m
,
Malaise
,
10–31.VII.1989
, S. & J.
Peck
,
1♀
(
AEIC
)
.
Comments.
The
holotype
female of
Gasteruption fiebrigi
was not found, and presumably was lost with part of Schrottky’s collection (
De Santis 1996
;
Rasmussen
et al.
2009
). The locality data cited by
Schrottky (1907)
in the description is
PARAGUAY
:
Cordillera
:
San Bernardino, K. Fiebrig (the same as
G. strandi
Kieffer
). Several specimens identified by H.K. Townes and C.B. de Fernandez as
G. fiebrigi
are identical to the
paratype
of
G. bispinosum
.
Gasteruption bihamatum
was incorrectly included by
Kieffer (1912)
and
Pasteels (1958a)
with the Palearctic fauna, whereas the label data shows that the
syntype
is from “Fleuve des
Amazones
”.