An update on the spider genus Hexophthalma (Araneae: Sicariidae) in the Afrotropical region, with descriptions of new species
Author
Lotz, Leon N.
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2018
2018-04-10
424
1
18
journal article
30007
10.5852/ejt.2018.424
eb57c406-2497-4874-973d-fadf11c1e9ba
1255328
2A452A63-0B25-4110-B9E1-61A69CD0E7FB
Hexophthalma hahni
(
Karsch, 1878
)
Figs 11–15
,
21
, 26
Hexomma hahnii
Karsch, 1878
: 325
.
Sicarius testaceus
Purcell, 1908
: 224
.
Syn. nov.
Hexophthalma hahni
–
Karsch, 1879
: 109
. —
Magalhaes
et al.
2017
: 850
, figs 13B, 14B–C, 16G, 18G, 19C, 23A–C, 24A, 61A–D.
Sicarius hahni
–
Simon, 1893
: 269
. —
Purcell 1908
: 225
. —
Newlands 1986
: 51
. —
Lotz 2012
: 8
.
Sicarius testaceus
–
Newlands 1986
: 57
. —
Lotz 2012
: 12
.
Hexophthalma testacea
–
Magalhaes
et al.
2017
: 852
.
Note:
Sicarius oweni
Newlands, 1986
: 53
is an unpublished synonym.
Diagnosis
Female inner spermathecae consist of finger-like sacs that branch close to the copulatory tube end, similar to in
H. albospinosa
except that the finger-like tubes are shorter and more bulbous (
Figs 11–15
). Male embolus consisting of a thin pointed apical part and a straight-sided thicker basal section (
Fig. 21
), similar to in
H. albospinosa
except that the thin apical part is shorter in relation to the thicker basal part.
Material examined
Figs 17–23. 17–22
. Male palps (right side prolateral).
17
.
Hexophthalma albospinosa
(
Purcell, 1908
)
.
18
.
H. goanikontesensis
sp.
nov.
19
.
H. damarensis
(
Lawrence, 1928
)
.
20
.
H. dolichocephala
(
Lawrence, 1928
)
.
21
.
H. hahni
(
Karsch, 1878
)
.
22
.
H. spatulata
(
Pocock, 1900
)
.
23
.
H. spatulata
, enlarged femoral seta (not to scale). Scale bars=
1 mm
.
COUNTRY UNKNOWN
:
2 ♂♂
,
2 ♀♀
,
4
imm. (
SAMC B7732
,
B8870
).
NAMIBIA
:
1 ♂
[no locality or date],
G. Brown
leg. (
SAMC B5704
);
1 ♂
,
Ganab
,
23°04′ S
,
15°10′ E
,
13– 16 Sep. 1971
,
P.G. Olivier
leg. (
NMNW 35311
);
1 ♀
, same data as for preceding (
NMNW 35313
);
1 ♀
,
Grootfontein
,
Nosib Cave
, 1917Bd,
8 Feb. 1995
,
SEGL
leg. (
NMNW 43454
);
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
,
Keetmanshoop
,
Khabus 146
, 2618Ac,
7 Dec. 1987
–
17 Jan. 1988
,
Mar. 1992
, N. and G. Olivier leg. (
NMNW 40752
);
2 ♂♂
, same data as for preceding but
23 Jul.–1 Dec. 1988
(
NMNW 42120
,
42788
);
1 ♀
,
Naukluft Park
,
Gifgat 2
, 2215Da,
11 Jul. 1995
,
E. Marais
leg. (
NMNW 43673
);
1 ♀
,
1
imm.,
Naukluft Park
,
Gobabeb
,
23°33′28.2″ S
,
15°02′14.32″ E
,
25 Oct. 1968
,
R.F. Lawrence
leg. (AMSA);
1 ♂
,
2 ♀♀
, same data as for preceding but
21 Aug. 2005
,
G. Binford
leg. (
NMNW 45835
);
1 ♂
,
2 ♀♀
,
Naukluft Park, Kuiseb River, near Gobabeb
[
23°34′ S
,
15°03′ E
],
18 Feb.–20 Mar. 1983
,
Kuiseb survey
leg. (
PPRI 83/341
);
1 ♂
, same data as for preceding but
27 Aug. 1985
,
C.S. Crawford
leg. (
NMNW 41116
);
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
,
Otjiwarongo
,
Waterberg Plateau Park
,
20°30′17.94″ S
,
17°14′32.16″ E
,
14 Aug. 2005
,
G. Binford
leg. (
NMNW 45838
);
1 ♂
,
Sossusvlei
,
24.7° S
,
15.42° E
,
Dec. 1988
,
B. Grobbelaar
leg. (
PPRI 92/54
);
1 ♂
,
Valencia
,
96 km
SW of Windhoek
, 2316Ab,
23 Jun. 1969
,
A. Kemp
leg. (AMSA);
1 ♂
,
1
imm.,
Windhoek
,
Daan Viljoen Game Reserve
,
22°32′16.14″ S
,
16°54′44.16″ E
,
12 Aug. 2005
,
G. Binford
leg. (
NMNW 45845
);
1 ♂
,
Windhoek
,
Verloren Cave
,
23°09′ S
,
16°20′ E
,
28 Jun. 1993
,
J. Irish
leg. (
NMBA 7361
);
1 ♂
,
1
imm.,
Messum Crater
,
21°20.430′ S
,
14°13.218′ E
,
4–10 Apr. 2000
,
E. Griffin
leg. (
NMNW 44724
);
1 ♀
,
10 miles
W of Okombahe
[ca
21°24′ S
,
15°14′ E
],
10 May 1958
,
E.S. Ross
and
R.E. Leech
leg. (CAS).
SOUTH AFRICA
–
Limpopo Province
:
1 ♂
,
Kruger National Park, Pafuri area
,
22.46° S
,
31.3° E
,
14 Oct. 1995
,
A. Leroy
leg. (
PPRI 98/405
);
1 ♀
,
Limpopo Valley National Park
,
22.22° S
,
29.13° E
,
29 Apr. 1997
,
J. Leroy
leg. (
PPRI 97/816
);
4 ♂♂
,
Makgabeng area
,
W of
Senwabawana
,
23.24° S
,
28.85° E
,
22 Dec. 2006
,
M. Burger
and
R. Hawkins
leg. (
PPRI 2008/3788, 2008/3807
);
1 ♂
,
Rochdale
,
near
Waterpoort
,
22.54° S
,
29.41° E
,
4 Apr. 1993
,
A. Leroy
leg. (
PPRI 2007/1626
);
1 ♂
,
Vhembi Biosphere
,
Gondeni
,
22.914° S
,
30.050° E
,
4 Dec. 2012
,
C. Schoeman
leg. (
PPRI 2015/632
).
–
Mpumalanga
:
1 ♀
,
2
imm.,
Bango Poort
,
Cave Poort
,
24.58° S
,
31.1° E
,
Mar. 1984
,
L. Braak
leg. (
PPRI 85/174
). –
Northern Cape Province
:
1 ♂
,
Blackridge
,
E of Langberge, E-NE of
Groblershoop
,
28°49′ S
,
22°32′ E
,
22 Dec. 2005
,
M. Burger
leg. (
PPRI 2009/3835
);
1 ♂
,
Bo-Seekoebaard
,
SE of
Groblershoop
[
29°05′ S
,
22°17′ E
],
13 Dec. 2005
,
M. Burger
leg. (
PPRI 2009/3834
);
1 ♂
,
Bushmanland
,
Krapohl Island
[
28°50′30″ S
,
18°43′30″ E
],
1909
(
SAMC 14708
);
2 ♀♀
,
4
imm.,
Calvinia
,
Klein Arendskraal
,
31°24′ S
,
19°03′ E
,
19 Feb. 2004
,
L.N. Lotz
leg. (
NMBA 9259
,
9269
);
1 ♂
,
Douglas
[
29°04′ S
,
23°47′ E
],
R. Broom
leg. (AMSA);
3 ♂♂
,
Eselsfontein
,
south of
Grootdrink
,
28.62° S
,
21.68° E
,
13 Nov. 2005
,
M. Burger
,
P. Braad
and
A. Hill
leg. (
PPRI 2009/3830–32
);
1 ♂
, same data as for precedings but
22 Nov. 2005
,
M. Burger
leg. (
PPRI 2009/3833
);
1♂
,
1
imm.,
Little Namaqualand
,
Kamies [Kamieskroon?]
[ca
30°13′ S
,
17°56′ E
] (
SAMC B7442
);
1♂
,
1
imm.,
Namaqualand
,
Kap Kap 382
,
30°16′ S
,
18°22′ E
,
20 Oct. 1990
,
L.N. Lotz
leg. (
NMBA 5122
);
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
,
Nieuwoudtville
,
Oorlogskloof Nature Reserve
,
31.45° S
,
19.1° E
,
27 Apr. 2000
,
A. Leroy
leg. (
PPRI 2010/187
);
1 ♀
,
2
imm.,
NW Gordonia
,
C.A. Anderson
leg. (
AMSA 1967
);
1 ♂
,
Port Nolloth
, 2916Bd,
13 Mar. 1973
,
M.-L. Penrith
leg. (
NMNW 35722
);
2 ♂♂
,
1 ♀
,
Quaggafontein 476
,
15 km S-SW of
Soebatsfontein
,
30°11′14.6″ S
,
17°32′58.6″ E
,
29 Sept. 2002
,
BIOTA
leg. (
PPRI 2009/5561, 2009/5562
). –
North West Province
:
1 ♀
,
Groot Marico
,
25.6° S
,
26.43° E
,
21 Jan. 1991
,
M. Filmer
leg. (
PPRI 91/1323
). –
Western Cape Province
:
1 ♀
,
10 km
N of Bitterfontein
[ca
30°59′ S
,
18°14′ E
],
15 Sept. 1983
,
J.V.
leg. (
SAMC C1981
);
1 ♀
,
Clanwilliam District
(
SAMC 3548
);
1 ♀
,
Clanwilliam
,
Sanddrif (Dwarsrivier 330)
,
32.16° S
,
18.89° E
,
Feb. 1993
,
G. Müller
leg. (
PPRI 93/261
);
1 ♀
,
Donkins Bay
, 3118Cd,
14 Mar. 1973
,
M.J. and M.-L. Penrith
leg. (
NMNW 35729
);
1 ♀
,
Doringbaai
[
31°49′ S
,
18°14′ E
],
Nov. 1956
,
SAMC Expedition
leg. (
SAMC C1235
);
3 ♀♀
,
Swartberg Nature Reserve
,
Gamkaskloof
,
33.36° S
,
21.69° E
,
Dec. 1995
,
M. de Jager
leg. (
PPRI 96/399
);
1 ♀
,
12
imm., same data as for preceding but
1 Jul. 2000
,
Z. van der Walt
leg. (
PPRI 2002/44
);
1 ♀
,
Hans Strydom Dam Nature Reserve, Mogol
,
33.95° S
,
22.46° E
,
19 Jan. 1983
,
M. Mansell
leg. (
PPRI 83/198
);
1 ♂
,
The Island, S of Herbertsdale
,
34.08° S
,
21.77° E
,
3 Jan. 2006
,
M. Burger
leg. (
PPRI 2009/3828
);
1 ♂
, same data as for preceding but
30 Jan. 2006
(
PPRI 2009/3829
);
1 ♀
,
19 km
SE of Klawer
[ca
31°54′ S
,
18°39′ E
],
1 May 1958
(CAS);
1 ♀
,
Lutzville
,
Vlêrmuisklip, near Vredendal
,
31.39° S
,
18.32° E
,
2 Oct. 1986
,
M.W. Mansell
and
J. Hoffman
leg. (
PPRI 86/650
);
1 ♀
,
Papendorp
,
near Olifants River Estuary
[ca
31°42′ S
,
18°13′ E
],
12 Nov. 1949
,
B. Malkin
leg. (CAS);
2 ♂♂
,
1 ♀
,
1
imm.,
Prince Albert
,
Swartberg Nature Reserve,
Gamkaskloof
, Die Hel
,
33°20′ S
,
21°40′ E
,
Sep. 1998
,
Z. van der Walt
leg. (
NMBA 8695
,
8860
);
1 ♀
,
3
imm.,
Vanrhynsdorp
,
Van Rhyn’s Pass
,
31.6° S
,
18.75° E
,
3 Oct. 1986
,
M.W. Mansell
and
J. Hoffman
leg. (
PPRI 86/648
).
ZIMBABWE
:
1 ♀
,
Pande Mine,
2230Ad,
9 Feb. 1994
,
F. Nyathi
leg. (
NMZB A/11518
);
1 ♀
,
1
imm.,
Sentinel Ranch, Hunters Camp
, 2229Ab,
16 Apr. 1990
,
Falcon Collage-NHMZ
leg. (
NMZB A/9940
).
Natural history
Hexophthalma hahni
have been collected in the Fynbos, Grassland, Karoo, Desert and Savanna biomes, by pitfall traps and by hand, in caves and from under rocks and logs.
Distribution
Hexophthalma hahni
is distributed in
Namibia
,
South Africa
and southern
Zimbabwe
(
Fig. 26
).