Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Author
Vilela, Lucas
Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Rua do Matão, 277, ed. Sobre-as-Ondas, 05508 - 090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. & Universidade Anhembi-Morumbi, Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Rua Dr. Almeida Lima, 1134, 03101 - 001, Mooca, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
vilela.lucas@hotmail.com
Author
Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho
Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Rua do Matão, 277, ed. Sobre-as-Ondas, 05508 - 090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
jenifer.clopes@gmail.com
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2022
2022-07-11
828
75
108
http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
c5427427-07fc-4449-ba86-25f19cd47482
2118-9773
6823766
Hornschuchia mediterranea
Mello-Silva & D.M.Johnson
Figs 4B–C
,
5
Phytotaxa
483 (3): 286, figs 1–2 (
Mello-Silva
et al.
2021
).
Type
:
BRAZIL
–
Bahia
• “
Jussari
.
Fazenda São Roque
,
2.8 km
em estrada vicinal à direita da estrada Jussari-Palmira, entrada a
13.8 km
além da ponte sobre o rio Piabanha, na saída de Jussari (entrada à esquerda a
2 km
de Palmira no sentido Palmira – Jussari)
,
mata semidecidual de encosta, antropizada
”;
15°08′17.4″ S
39°34′16.8″ W
; alt.
211 m
;
28 Oct. 2008
;
R. Mello-Silva
3138
;
holotype
:
SPF
[
SPF00220462
]!; isotypes:
CEPEC
!,
K
!,
NY
!,
OWU
!,
RB
!,
W
!.
Material examined
BRAZIL
–
Bahia
• “
Antônio Cardoso
,
20 km
de Feira de Santana, na BR-116, Fazenda Sossego
”;
12°21′56″ S
,
39°06′33″ W
;
11 Aug. 1999
;
E. Mello
et al. 2774
;
SPF
! •
“
Jussari
,
ca
2.5 km
N of Palmira on road connecting Palmira to the Itaju do Colonia-Itapé road
,
Fazenda São Roque
(
owner Luis Fernando Verde
)”;
15°08.3′ S
,
39°34.3′ W
; alt.
300–450 m
;
2 Feb 1999
;
W.W. Thomas
11935
;
SPF
! •
ibid.;
15°08.476′ S
,
39°34.749′ W
; alt.
250–300 m
;
14 Mar. 2001
;
W.W. Thomas
12313
;
SPF
! •
“
Fazenda Serra do Teimoso
,
Reserva Serra do Teimoso
”;
15°09′12″ S
,
39°31′50″ W
;
16 Mar. 2003
;
W.W. Thomas
13393
;
SPF
! •
“
Mundo Novo
,
entrada para a cidade próximo a BA-052 (Estrada do Feijão)
”;
11°52′35″ S
,
40°27′9″ W
; alt.
465 m
;
11 Aug. 1999
;
E. Mello
et al. 2784
;
SPF
!.
Description
Shrubs or trees,
1.5–8 m
tall. Leaves chartaceous to coriaceous, petiole
2–6 mm
long, lamina 4.4– 15.5 ×
2.3–5.8 cm
, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, narrowly ovate or lanceolate to oblanceolate, adaxial surface glabrous and abaxial surface glabrous to glabrescent, base cuneate to acute, apex attenuate to acute, slightly acuminate or obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 7–12 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40–60°. Inflorescence one-flowered, axillary, supra-axillary, terminal or leaf-opposed, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel
4–6 mm
long, flower buds 3–6 ×
1–3 mm
, globose to ovoid to conical with acute apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate to triangular, 3–6 ×
4–7 mm
, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, rarely yellowish,
6–9 mm
long, covered in trichomes, stamens 3–6, 2–3 × ca
1 mm
long, carpels 5–8,
2–3 mm
long. Monocarps 2–5, globose to ellipsoid, 8–13 ×
5–9 mm
, densely covered in trichomes, sessile, calyx caducous. Seeds 3–4, wide obovoid to ellipsoid, 7–7.2 ×
4 mm
, obovoid to ellipsoid, brownish, rugose, with aril.
Distribution and habitat
Hornschuchia mediterranea
occurs inland in
Bahia
. It inhabits seasonal semideciduous forest, seasonal deciduous forest and lowland tropical moist forest (
Gouvêa
et al.
1976
;
Thomas & Barbosa 2008
), with one occurrence near the Caatinga domain, a xeric vegetation
type
, in the municipality of Mundo Novo (
Figs 5
,
7A
).
Fig. 5.
Geographical distribution of
Hornschuchia mediterranea
Mello-Silva & D.M.Johnson
,
H. myrtillus
Nees
and
H. obliqua
Maas & Setten.
Abbreviations: BA = Bahia; ES = Espírito Santo.
Phenology
Flowering from February to April and fruiting from February to August.
Preliminary conservation status
Endangered, EN B2ab(iii) (
Mello-Silva
et al.
2021
).
Notes
Hornschuchia mediterranea
is similar to
H. mellosilvae
in its larger calyx and globose, rounded or conical floral bud (
Fig. 4B–C
). However,
H. mediterranea
has smaller petals (
6–9 mm
long vs
9–24 mm
long) fewer stamens (3–6 vs 10), more carpels (5–8 vs 4) and globose to ellipsoid monocarps, 6–11 ×
3–9 mm
, with rounded apex and densely covered in trichomes (vs obloid with acute apex, 20–24 ×
9–12 mm
, glabrous).