The millipede family Polydesmidae in the Caucasus (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)
Author
Golovatch, Sergei
Author
Evsyukov, Aleksandr
Author
Reip, Hans
text
Zootaxa
2016
2016-03-01
4085
1
1
51
journal article
31448
10.11646/zootaxa.4085.1.1
429cf011-ec4c-4a61-b894-2bd32b2ffc9b
1175-5326
1052381
7F819439-FD77-4EF2-8E26-7B46F9B5FAAB
Brachydesmus
(
Lophobrachydesmus
)
furcatus
Lohmander, 1936
Fig. 10
, Map 3
Brachydesmus
(
Lophobrachydesmus
)
furcatus
Lohmander, 1936
: 16
(D).
Brachydesmus
(
Lophobrachydesmus
)
furcatus—
Attems, 1940
: 134
(D);
Lang, 1959
: 1795
(R).
Brachydesmus furcatus
furcatus—
Strasser, 1970
: 204
(D);
Lokšina and Golovatch, 1979
: 384
(M);
Talikadze, 1984
: 143
(R).
Brachydesmus
(
Lophobrachydesmus
)
furcatus exiguus
Strasser, 1970
: 204
(D),
syn. n.
Brachydesmus furcatus
exiguus—
Lokšina and Golovatch, 1979
: 384
(M);
Talikadze, 1984
: 143
(R).
Brachydesmus
furcatus—
Chumachenko, 2012
: 452
(R);
Material examined.
1 male, 5 juv. (ZMUM),
RUSSIA
, Krasnodar Prov., Gelendjik, Mikhailovskii Pass,
Fagus
forest,
26.V.1956
; 3 females (ZMUM), same locality and Pass,
Fagus
forest,
5.VII.1956
; 1 female, 3 juv. (ZMUM), same locality,
Fagus
forest, under bark,
26.V.1956
; 1 female, 2 juv. (ZMUM), Gelendjik, forest,
28.IV.1955
; 1 female (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Tuapse Distr., Georgievskoe Forestry,
Castanea
forest,
7.V.1954
; 1 female (ZMUM), same locality, SSW slope,
Quercus
forest,
18.V.1954
; 3 males, 6 juv. (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Tuapse Distr., Cherepsinskoye Forestry,
Quersus
forest, S slope,
15.V.1954
, all leg. M. Ghilarov, all det. H. Lohmander, det. C. Dziadosz, 1968; 1 female (ZMUM), Sochi, Khosta,
Buxus
forest,
29.VI.1956
, leg. M. Ghilarov; 2 females (ZMUM), same locality, Caucasian Nature Reserve,
Taxus
and
Buxus
forest,
15.V.1985
, leg. S. Golovatch; 1 male, 1 female (ZMUM), same locality,
Taxus
and
Buxus
forest,
III.2006
, leg. Yu. Chumachenko; 1 female (ZMUM), Adygea, Guzeripl, Caucasian Nature Reserve, Pasture Abago S of Guzeripl,
1700
–
1850 m
a.s.l.,
Abies
and
Fagus
forest,
Rhododendron
thicket, litter,
24
–
26.V.1985
, leg. S. Golovatch; 1 male, 2 females (AE), Adygea, near Guzeripl,
Abies
forest,
19.VI.2011
, leg. D. Khisametdinova and E. Bortnikov; 1 female (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Sochi, Krasnaya Polyana,
6
–
8.VI.1976
; 1 female (ZMUM), same locality,
1900 m
a.s.l., under stones,
29.VI.1956
; 1 female (ZMUM), same locality,
600 m
a.s.l.,
Castanea
forest, litter,
1.VI.1956
, all leg. M. Ghilarov; 1 female (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Sochi, Dagomys,
250 m
a.s.l.,
Quercus, Corylus
,
Fagus
etc. scrub, litter, logs,
18.V.1983
; 2 females (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Sochi, Caucasian Nature Reserve, Pslukh ca
20 km
E of Krasnaya Polyana, Mt Aishkho-2, S slope,
1600 m
a.s.l.,
Abies
,
Fagus
,
Betula
etc. forest,
12.VIII.1986
; 1 male, 2 females (ZMUM), same locality, Mt Kogot,
Abies
and
Fagus
forest up to timberline,
1650
–
1850 m
a.s.l., litter, under bark and stones,
18–20.V.1985
; 1 female (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Caucasian Nature Reserve, Krasnaya Polyana,
6
–
8.VI.1978
, all leg. S. Golovatch; 2 females, 39 juv. (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Sochi, Mt Bolshoy Akhun, Cave Akhunskaya,
19.VII.2015
, leg. I. Turbanov; 9 juv. (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Kabardinka, scrub,
2.VI.1956
, leg. M. Ghilarov; 9 juv. (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Severskaya Distr.,
2
–
10 km
S of Ubinskaya,
300
–
450 m
a.s.l.,
Quercus
,
Fagus
,
Carpinus
etc. forest, litter and under bark,
3
–
4.VII.1986
; 2 females, 22 juv. (ZMUM), same locality, Mt Derbiy ca
15 km
SW of Ubinskaya,
800
–
850 m
a.s.l.,
Quercus
,
Fagus
,
Fraxinus
etc. forest, litter and under bark,
2.VII.1986
, all leg. S. Golovatch; 6 juv. (ZMUM), same locality, Ubinskoye Forestry,
FIGURE 10.
Brachydesmus furcatus
Lohmander, 1936
.
A:
habitus, entire body, dorsal view, male from Mount Kogot, Caucasian Nature Reserve, Krasnodar Prov., Russia.
B–D:
male from near Goryachiy Klyuch, Krasnodar Prov., Russia,
B:
anterior part of body, dorsal view;
C:
right half of metatergite 10, dorsal view;
D:
posterior part of body, dorsal view.
E–F:
male holotype of
B. furcatus
, right and left gonopods, lateral and mesal views, respectively (after Lohmander 1936);
G:
male holotype of
B. furcatus exiguus
Strasser, 1970
, left gonopod, lateral view (after Strasser 1970). Designations:
en,
endomere;
ex,
exomere;
t,
tooth at base of femorite. Picture A by K. Makarov, taken not to scale. Line drawings B
–
D by S. Dashdamirov, scale bar: 1.0 mm (B
–
D), not to scale (E
–
G).
Quercus
forest,
16.VI.1953
, leg. M. Ghilarov; 2 males, 3 females (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Goryachiy Klyuch, Cave Fanagoriyskaya, ca
12 km
SW of Fanagoriyskoye,
30.X.1981
; 1 male, 3 females, 3 juv. (ZMUM), same locality,
Fagus
,
Acer
,
Picea
etc. forest, litter and under logs,
19.V.1983
, all leg. S. Golovatch; 1 female (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Goryachiy Klyuch, without data; 1 male (ZMUM), same locality, Kotkh Mt. Range,
Quercus
forest, soil,
18.V.1956
; 11 juv. (ZMUM), same locality, Pshaf Mt. Range, forest on limestone,
20.V.1956
; 3 females (ZMUM), Pshaf Mt. Range, near “Belaya Latka”,
Quercus
forest,
17.VI.1956
; 3 females, 8 juv. (ZMUM), Pshaf Mt. Range, near “Belaya Latka”, S slope,
Quercus
forest,
18.VI.1956
; 8 females, 18 juv. (ZMUM), same locality, Kotkh Mt. Range, summit, S slope,
Quercus
forest,
20.VI.1956
; 2 females, 2 juv. (ZMUM), Kotkh Mt. Range, summit, S slope,
Quercus
forest,
21.VI.1956
; 1 male, 1 female (ZMUM), Kotkh Mt. Range,
Quercus
forest,
18.VI.1956
; 1 female (ZMUM), same locality, Canyon Bukovoe,
5.IV.1954
; 7 juv. (ZMUM), Bolnichi, Mt Petushok, NE slope,
Carpinus
forest,
4.VIII.1955
; 1 juv. (ZMUM), Krasnodar Prov., Mt Ostraya,
1.VIII.1954
; 1 female (ZMUM), same locality,
3.VIII.1954
; 1 juv. (ZMUM), Kuban, Azovskaya, under Tkachovskoye,
Quercus
forest belt,
24.VII.1955
, all leg. M. Ghilarov, all det. H. Lohmander, det. C. Dziadosz, 1968.
2 males, 3 females (ZMUM),
ABKHAZIA
, Myussera Nature Reserve,
20
–
130 m
a.s.l.,
Castanea
,
Alnus
etc. forest,
8
–
10.IV.1983
, leg. S. Golovatch; 1 male (SMNG 14685), Transcaucasus, Riza-See (= Lake Ritsa),
20.VI.1984
, leg. W. Dunger.
Descriptive notes.
Length ca
8.5
–
12 mm
, width of midbody metazonae
0.8
–
1.3 mm
(male, female), metazonite to prozonite width ratio <1.4 (
Fig. 10A
–
10D
). Live coloration usually uniformly pallid to light brown.
All characters as in
B. assimilis
(
Fig. 10
), except as follows. Paraterga poorly-developed, their fore margins and anterolateral corner largely broadly and regularly rounded, not angular; caudolateral corner mostly obtuseangled, pointed or nearly pointed and drawn behind rear tergal margin only in segments 16
–
18 (
Fig. 10A
–
10D
). Tergal setae mostly very short and subbacilliform. Metatergal sculpture especially superficial. Male prefemora not bulging laterad. Gonopod (
Fig. 10E
–
10G
) bipartite, strongly falcate, much as in
B. pigmentatus
, but exomere (
ex
) with a conspicuous densely pilose strip, endomere (
en
) simple and bare, while tooth (
t
) at base of femorite very prominent and strongly rounded.
Remarks.
The differences of
B. furcatus exiguus
Strasser (1970)
, described from a cave near Sochi, such as a slightly smaller and narrower body, a somewhat shorter endomere, a smaller pilose strip on the exomere and a less prominent tooth at the base of the gonofemorite (
Fig. 10
G
) as compared to the sympatric nominate subspecies, seem to represent only individual variations. Hence we do not hesitate to formally synonymize
B. furcatus exiguus
under
B. furcatus
,
syn. n.
Moreover, the name
B. f. exiguus
Strasser, 1970
has long been jeopardized by the much older homonym,
B. exiguus
Brölemann, 1894
, from
Italy
(
Brölemann 1894
).
Given the striking similarities observed in gonopod structure between
B.
(s. str.)
pigmentatus
and
B.
(
Lophobrachydesmus
)
furcatus
, the status of the latter subgenus is to be questioned.