Three new species of Trivalvaria (Annonaceae) from Thailand, with a key to the Thai species
Author
Johnson, David M.
0000-0003-2896-7419
dmjohnso @ owu. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2896 - 7419
dmjohnso@owu.edu
Author
Chaowasku, Tanawat
0000-0002-1602-8468
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & tanawat. chaowasku @ cmu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1602 - 8468
tanawat.chaowasku@cmu.ac.th
Author
Murray, Nancy A.
0000-0003-4076-6169
namurray @ owu. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4076 - 6169
namurray@owu.edu
Author
Chalermglin, Piya
0000-0002-9098-0916
Agricultural Technology Department, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, 35 Mu 3, Khlong Ha, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province 12120, Thailand & piya. chalerm @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9098 - 0916
piya.chalerm@gmail.com
text
Phytotaxa
2021
2021-03-03
489
1
79
86
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.489.1.6
journal article
10.11646/phytotaxa.489.1.6
1179-3163
5757631
Trivalvaria
in
Thailand
With the addition of these new species,
Thailand
now appears to be the centre of
Trivalvaria
species
diversity. The Thai species, along with
T. pumila
from Peninsular
Malaysia
, are distinguished in the following key.
Trivalvaria pumila
occurs throughout Peninsular
Malaysia
and may be expected in
Thailand
.
Ridley (1915)
reported it from
Thailand
as
Ellipeia pumila
King (1892: 27)
from the Koh Samui and Koh Pennan [= Pha-ngan] region on the basis of a collection by H.C. Robinson. We cannot locate his specimen. We consider
T. pumila
a distinct species, as distinguished in the key, but
van Heusden (1997)
treated it a synonym of
T. dubia
, and
Turner (2009)
considered
T. pumila
a synonym of
T. costata
. In the material we studied,
T. pumila
was most similar to
T. stenopetala
.
FIGURE 3.
Trivalvaria
species
with which the new species have previously been confused. A–C.
Trivalvaria macrophylla
, Songkhla Province, Thailand. A. Flower, viewed from above. B. Flower, side view. C. Fruit, showing the large number of short-stiped monocarps. D–E.
Trivalvaria costata
, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand. D. Flower, viewed from above. E. Flower, side view. F–G.
Trivalvaria dubia
,
s. l.
, Phuket Province, Thailand. F. Flower, viewed from above. G. Flower, side view.A–C by Charan Leeratiwong from
Leeratiwong 20-1521
, D–E by Charan Leeratiwong from
Leeratiwong 16-487
, F–G by Simon Gardner from
Gardner & Sidisunthorn ST 2595
.
Trivalvaria costata
and
T. dubia
are treated as distinct species here.
Trivalvaria costata
s.str.
(
Fig. 3D,E
) is widespread in southeastern and Peninsular
Thailand
. The
type
of
Trivalvaria dubia
is from the Andaman Islands. Specimens resembling the
type
of
T. dubia
in their rounded petals and hairy anther connectives have been collected in
Phuket Province
in Peninsular
Thailand
(
Fig. 3F,G
); these have slightly different indument and leaf shape from
T. dubia
s.str.
; additional material is required to determine if they represent a distinct taxon. One of these specimens was used in the molecular phylogenetic analysis by
Chaowasku
et al.
(2020
, as “
Trivalvaria
sp. 1
). Both the Andaman and Thai specimens are clearly distinct from
T. costata
s.str.
The dome formed by the connivent inner petals in
T. costata
has led to confusion of this species with
T. macrophylla
; the latter has larger flowers with dense silky pubescence on the inner petals and a greater number of carpels and monocarps (
Fig. 3A–C
).