<document id="38E3B6B4623091AC62FB48DAA7B0DCFF" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.235.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13631327" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725310362704" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Schumm, Felix &amp; Kalb, Klaus" docDate="2015" docId="03EF7631FFCE6A50FF584E1EFEFAFB69" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.235.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 235 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.235.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Heterodermia galactophylla W. L. Culb., Bryologist" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="450" masterDocId="FFD60E49FFFF6A62FFCF4960FF8EFF81" masterDocTitle="The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="448" pageNumber="448" updateTime="1725311109013" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3A77C3E322A3D73BCA5B0876D43CCB59">The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-II. Contributions to the genus Heterodermia sensu lato</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="30AAB1928869B9D5E8089E09A13F8D4E">Mongkolsuk, Pachara</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D56D841B2385AD70D212281E25AC1BE7">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B2D05B6DFAB209FF41340F180D4B1308">Meesim, Sanya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F59D283A09456C023F73C93F27BB54E">Poengsungnoen, Vasun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="914FF047C389FA818C0716DC0AC604C2">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E492F7F25D514545B28568A13E3BD9B5">Buaruang, Kawinnat</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FB4D98D53FF12222C28E1F8F5A8C54AC">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="57E09E7144DF28C64E69E2DD6C26E688">Schumm, Felix</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="138465BCC96EBC3408B59BF92F69978B">Mozartstrasse 9, D- 73117 Wangen, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5D194C9A2AEC918AF41C9437D555AAB8">Kalb, Klaus</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AB4AD28199FAAA8C8E23612B312A8758">Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand. &amp; Lichenologisches Institut Neumarkt, Im Tal 12, D- 92318 Neumarkt, Germany. Email: klaus. kalb @ arcor. de &amp; Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand. &amp; University of Regensburg, Institute of Plant Sciences, Universitätsstraβe 31, D- 39040 Regensburg, Germany Corresponding author-email: pm-tamrapap @ ru. ac. th &amp; Lichen Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Ramkhamhaeng 24 road, Bangkok, 10240 Thailand.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="78837594C802137B10C10EDC50CB9E30" type="email">klaus.kalb@arcor.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E768819C9B6B87A71B86415A485EB255">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="532E6994E11D364FEAF025E23CDB9BBD">2015</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCE6A53FF584E1EFB3FF816" box="[151,1201,1918,1943]" pageId="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCE6A53FF584E1EFB3FF816" blockId="49.[151,1201,1918,1943]" box="[151,1201,1918,1943]" pageId="49">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FF584E1EFF22F816" bold="true" box="[151,172,1918,1943]" pageId="49">3.</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7E136FFCE6A53FF7D4E1EFB8CF816" author="W. L. Culb." box="[178,1026,1918,1943]" journal="Bryologist" page="482" pageId="49" score="4.864797368871433" volume="69" year="1967">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCE6A53FF7D4E1EFCD6F816" ID-CoL="3L968" authority="(Tuck.) W. L. Culb., Bryologist" authorityName="W. L. Culb., Bryologist" baseAuthorityName="Tuck." box="[178,856,1918,1943]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="49" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="galactophylla">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FF7D4E1EFD50F816" bold="true" box="[178,734,1918,1943]" pageId="49">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FF7D4E1EFE61F816" bold="true" box="[178,495,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="49">Heterodermia galactophylla</emphasis>
(Tuck.) W.L. Culb.,
</emphasis>
Bryologist
</taxonomicName>
69: 482 (1967)
</treatmentCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="137DDBA2FFCE6A53FBDF4E1EFBE1F816" box="[1040,1135,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,244,1766,1787]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,275,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-166@4.[151,1436,267,1745]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Heterodermia pseudospeciosa, longitudinal section through thallus showing the periclinal hyphae of the upper cortex forming a prosoplectenchyma characterizing Heterodermia s.lat. (scale 20 µm). B. Physcia erumpens, longitudinal section through thallus showing the anticlinal hyphae of the upper cortex forming a paraplectenchyma, characteristic for Physcia s.lat. C. Leucodermia leucomelos f. albociliata, lobes dichotomously branched, ribbon-like with conspicuous long marginal rhizines. D. Polyblastidium subneglectum (Elix) Kalb, comb. nov., Mycobank MB 813851, Basionym: Heterodermia subneglecta Elix, Australas. Lichenol. 68: 17 (2011), lobes irregularly to sympodially branched, appressed to the substrate not or only slightly ascending towards the tips. E. Heterodermia galactophylla, tufts of apically ascending lobes with white marginal rhizines. F. Heterodermia comosa, thallus subfruticose, lobes affixed mainly near the base, with paddle-shaped tips and white cilia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13631329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13631329/files/figure.png" pageId="49">Figs. 1E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="137DDBA2FFCE6A53FBB54E1EFB27F816" box="[1146,1193,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="51.[151,244,1691,1712]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,202,1661]" captionTargetId="figure-159@51.[151,1436,195,1669]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 12. A. Heterodermia archeri, holotype (scale 5 mm). B. Heterodermia galactophylla, apothecia with ciliate exciple (scale 1 mm). C. Heterodermia hypochraea, holotype (scale 5 mm). D. Heterodermia incana (scale 5 mm). E. Heterodermia podocarpa (scale 1.5 mm). F. Heterodermia stellata, lectotype (scale 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13631353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13631353/files/figure.png" pageId="49">12B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCE6A53FF584EDFFDF2F7C6" pageId="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCE6A53FF584EDFFC3AF873" blockId="49.[151,1436,1983,2034]" pageId="49">
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7E136FFCE6A53FF584EDFFC36F855" author="Tuck." box="[151,952,1983,2004]" journal="Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci." page="224" pageId="49" score="73.79362050762336" volume="1" year="1847">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCE6A53FF584EDFFCA5F855" authority="Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci." box="[151,811,1983,2004]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="49" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subSpecies" species="ciliaris" subSpecies="galactophylla">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FF584EDFFEB4F855" box="[151,314,1983,2004]" italics="true" pageId="49">Parmelia ciliaris</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFCE6A53FE8F4EDFFCA5F855" box="[320,811,1983,2004]" country="United States of America" location="Oakes" municipality="Type" pageId="49" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine" typeStatus="holotype">
β 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FE9D4EDFFE58F855" box="[338,470,1983,2004]" italics="true" pageId="49">galactophylla</emphasis>
Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci.
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
1: 224 (1847)
</treatmentCitation>
.; 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5D5DFFCE6A53FC0A4EDFFC75F855" box="[965,1019,1983,2004]" pageId="49">Type</collectingMunicipality>
:— 
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCE6A53FBD54EDFFBD8F855" box="[1050,1110,1983,2004]" name="United States of America" pageId="49">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCE6A53FB944EDFFB15F855" box="[1115,1179,1983,2004]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="49">Maine</collectingRegion>
, ex herb. 
<location id="8E9991FCFFCE6A53FB384EDFFABDF855" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7631FFCE6A50FF584E1EFEFAFB69:8E9991FCFFCE6A53FB384EDFFABDF855" box="[1271,1331,1983,2004]" country="United States of America" municipality="Type" name="Oakes" pageId="49" stateProvince="Maine">Oakes</location>
(
<typeStatus id="54FD7985FFCE6A53FA8F4EDFFA16F855" box="[1344,1432,1983,2004]" pageId="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, FH-Tuck n.v.); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7E136FFCE6A53FE944EBDFC3EF873" author="Trevis." box="[347,944,2013,2034]" journal="Flora" page="52" pageId="49" score="0.3203158689424784" volume="44" year="1861">
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCE6A53FE944EBDFD64F873" ID-CoL="DG5F" authority="(Tuck.) Trevis." authorityName="Trevis." baseAuthorityName="Tuck." box="[347,746,2013,2034]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Anaptychia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="49" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="galactophylla">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FE944EBDFDDCF873" box="[347,594,2013,2034]" italics="true" pageId="49">Anaptychia galactophylla</emphasis>
(Tuck.) Trevis.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<bibCitation id="5E6CCF4BFFCE6A53FD3D4EBDFC3EF873" box="[754,944,2013,2034]" journal="Flora" page="52" pageId="49" score="0.3203158689424784" volume="44" year="1861">Flora 44: 52 (1861)</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCE6A53FF58414CFDF2F7C6" blockId="49.[151,636,2092,2121]" box="[151,636,2092,2121]" pageId="49">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FF58414CFF39F7C8" bold="true" box="[151,183,2092,2121]" pageId="49">50</emphasis>
• 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FF2E4152FECCF7C6" box="[225,322,2098,2119]" italics="true" pageId="49">Phytotaxa</emphasis>
235 (1) © 2015 
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCE6A53FE274152FDF2F7C6" ID-CoL="8VZ4K" authority="Press" authorityName="Press" box="[488,636,2098,2119]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Magnolia Press</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCE6A50FB684152FBBBFDBC" lastPageId="50" pageId="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCE6A53FB684152FA13F7C6" blockId="49.[1191,1437,2098,2119]" box="[1191,1437,2098,2119]" pageId="49">
MONGKOLSUK 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCE6A53FA974152FA13F7C6" box="[1368,1437,2098,2119]" italics="true" pageId="49">ET AL.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCD6A50FF5849F7FB5EFE72" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="50">
Thallus foliose to subfruticose, usually attached to the substrate, forming rosettes or tufts of apically ascending lobes, 
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wide, but sometimes coalescing to 
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCD6A50FD0B49DCFCD0FF54" box="[708,862,188,213]" form="colonies" pageId="50" rank="form">form colonies</taxonomicName>
up to 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FC6949DCFC61FF52" box="[934,1007,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="50" unit="cm" value="17.0">17 cm</quantity>
. Lobes 0.4–2.5 (–8.0 at sorediate tips) mm wide, sublinear, spathulate or paddle-shaped, convex, rarely branched, ascending or suberect, partially imbricate, with rounded apices when non-sorediate. Upper surface white to grayish white or seldom glaucous gray, sorediate; soredia on the undersides of reflexed and erect and widened lobe tips; marginal rhizines whitish to somewhat darkened, usually simple to furcate, but becoming thyrsiformly ramified with age. Medulla white. Lower surface ecorticate, arachnoid, uniformly white (South American material partly yellow-brown). Apothecia very rare, not present in Thai material, subterminal to terminal on ascending lobes, substipitate, 1–2.5 (–3) mm wide; margin crenate or lobulate, ciliate; disc dark brown, densely white pruinose. Ascospores 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FB0948D7FAD5FE51" box="[1222,1371,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="50">Polyblastidia</emphasis>
- 
<typeStatus id="54FD7985FFCD6A50FAAC48D8FA19FE51" box="[1379,1431,440,464]" pageId="50">type</typeStatus>
, narrowly ellipsoidal to fusiform, with 2–3 sporoblastidia, 31–35 × 13–16 µm. Pycnidia not seen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCD6A50FF09489FFBBBFDBC" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="50">Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow, C–, KC–, P+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow, C–, P–; pigmented lower surface K+ violet; containing atranorin (major), zeorin (major), japonene (submajor to minor).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCD6A50FF094B27FCBEFD04" pageId="50" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCD6A50FF094B27FCBEFD04" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="50">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FF094B27FE67FDE1" bold="true" box="[198,489,583,608]" pageId="50">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—Occurs on the twigs of trees and shrubs in a garden at 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FBAA4B27FB6AFDDE" box="[1125,1252,583,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="50" unit="m" value="775.0" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="750.0">750–800 m</quantity>
above sea level; also in North, Central and South America, Africa and Asia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCD6A50FF094BEFFCBDFCB9" pageId="50" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCD6A50FF094BEFFCBDFCB9" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="50">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FF094BEFFED6FD29" bold="true" box="[198,344,655,680]" pageId="50">Remarks:—</emphasis>
This lichen is characterized by the elongate lobes without cilia on the upper surface, soralia beneath the widened and reflexed lobe apices and a chemistry without depsidones. We could find no mention of apothecia for this species in the literature, but in our vast collections from South America we have located one fertile specimen (herb. Kalb 37797). Probably, 
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCD6A50FD714B9DFC0FFC94" box="[702,897,764,789]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Anaptychia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="50" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="galactophylla">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FD714B9DFC0FFC94" box="[702,897,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="50">H. galactophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the sorediate counterpart of 
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCD6A50FB214B9DFEB3FCB6" authority="(Kurok.) Trass" authorityName="Trass" baseAuthorityName="Kurok." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Physciaceae" genus="Heterodermia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Caliciales" pageId="50" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="trichophora">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FB214B9DFA12FC94" box="[1262,1436,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="50">H. trichophora</emphasis>
(Kurok.) Trass
</taxonomicName>
, as the two species have the same chemistry.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C94ACFFCD6A50FF094A24FEFAFB69" pageId="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCD6A50FF094A24FE31FC24" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="50">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FF094A24FE6FFCDC" bold="true" box="[198,481,836,861]" pageId="50">Material reported from</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFCD6A50FE264A24FE35FC24" collectingDate="2004-07-01" collectingDateMax="2004-07-03" collectingDateMin="2004-07-01" collectionCode="ABL" country="Thailand" elevation="775" latitude="19.119722" location="Pae" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="98.733604" municipality="Mushroom Research Centre" pageId="50" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FE264A24FDD8FCDC" bold="true" box="[489,598,836,861]" pageId="50">
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCD6A50FE264A24FDD8FCDC" box="[489,598,836,861]" name="Thailand" pageId="50">Thailand</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:— 
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCD6A50FDB84A24FC8DFCDC" box="[631,771,836,861]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="50">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5D5DFFCD6A50FCC04A24FBC2FCDC" box="[783,1100,836,861]" pageId="50">Mushroom Research Centre</collectingMunicipality>
along road to 
<location id="8E9991FCFFCD6A50FB3E4A24FA92FCDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7631FFCE6A50FF584E1EFEFAFB69:8E9991FCFFCD6A50FB3E4A24FA92FCDA" box="[1265,1308,836,859]" country="Thailand" latitude="19.119722" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="98.733604" municipality="Mushroom Research Centre" name="Pae" pageId="50" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">Pae</location>
, on bark in 
<taxonomicName id="4C46BCA4FFCD6A50FF584A07FF70FC01" box="[151,254,871,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FF584A07FF70FC01" box="[151,254,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="50">Camellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
garden in forest remnants, 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FDFC4A07FD3BFCFE" box="[563,693,871,896]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="50" unit="m" value="775.0" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="750.0">
<elevation id="006B2014FFCD6A50FDFC4A07FD3BFCFE" box="[563,693,871,896]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="50" unit="m" value="775.0" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="750.0">750–800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FD0E4A07FCC0FCFE" box="[705,846,871,896]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" precision="15" seconds="11" value="19.119722">19°07'11'' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FC964A07FC6DFCFE" box="[857,995,871,896]" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" precision="15" seconds="01" value="98.733604">98°44'01'' E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCD6A50FC204A07FB1CFC01" box="[1007,1170,871,896]" pageId="50" value="2004-07-01" valueMax="2004-07-03" valueMin="2004-07-01">
<collectingDate id="EFBC180FFFCD6A50FC204A07FB1CFC01" box="[1007,1170,871,896]" pageId="50" value="2004-07-01" valueMax="2004-07-03" valueMin="2004-07-01">1–3 July 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
, Aptroot 61331 (
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FA9C4A07FA1FFC01" box="[1363,1425,871,896]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12548" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12548" name="Adviesbureau voor Bryologie en Lichenologie" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">ABL</collectionCode>
). (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7BAD6FFCD6A50FF514AECFE3CFC24" author="Aptroot, A. &amp; Saipunkaew, W. &amp; Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Sparrius, L. B. &amp; Wolseley, P. A." box="[158,434,908,933]" pageId="50" pagination="75 - 134" refId="ref52066" refString="Aptroot, A., Saipunkaew, W., Sipman, H. J. M., Sparrius, L. B. &amp; Wolseley, P. A. (2007) New lichens from Thailand, mainly microlichens from Chiang Mai. Fungal Diversity 24: 75 - 134." type="journal article" year="2007">Aptroot &amp; al. 2007: 104</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9C727FFCD6A50FF094ACFFEFAFB69" blockId="50.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="50">
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FF094ACFFE31FC49" bold="true" box="[198,447,943,968]" pageId="50">Specimens examined</emphasis>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFCD6A50FE014ACFFE4FFB91" collectingDate="1979-07-03" collectionCode="K, G" country="Brazil" elevation="1800" latitude="-22.866667" location="Serra da Mantiqueira" longLatPrecision="1258" longitude="-46.033333" pageId="50" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCD6A50FE014ACFFDB9FC49" box="[462,567,943,968]" name="Brazil" pageId="50">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCD6A50FD8D4ACFFD52FC49" box="[578,732,943,968]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="50">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: 
<location id="8E9991FCFFCD6A50FD274ACFFC57FC49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7631FFCE6A50FF584E1EFEFAFB69:8E9991FCFFCD6A50FD274ACFFC57FC49" box="[744,985,943,968]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.866667" longLatPrecision="1258" longitude="-46.033333" name="Serra da Mantiqueira" pageId="50" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Serra da Mantiqueira</location>
; above Vila Monte Verde, ca. 
<locationDeviation id="9A4BDE05FFCD6A50FAE24ACFFEDDFC6C" location="Camanducaia" pageId="50">
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FAE24ACFFAFAFC49" box="[1325,1396,943,968]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="50" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
SE of Camanducaia
</locationDeviation>
, in a very disturbed montane rainforest, 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FCEC4AB4FCF3FC6A" box="[803,893,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="50" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation id="006B2014FFCD6A50FCEC4AB4FCF3FC6A" box="[803,893,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="50" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FC464AB4FC62FC6C" box="[905,1004,980,1005]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-22.866667">22°52' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FC364AB4FBEBFC6A" box="[1017,1125,980,1005]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-46.033333">46°02' W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCD6A50FBBE4AB4FB77FC6C" box="[1137,1273,980,1005]" pageId="50" value="1979-07-03">
<collectingDate id="EFBC180FFFCD6A50FBBE4AB4FB77FC6C" box="[1137,1273,980,1005]" pageId="50" value="1979-07-03">3 July 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FACA4AB5FF51FB91" italics="true" pageId="50">
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FACA4AB5FA95FC6D" box="[1285,1307,981,1004]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Kalb &amp; 
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FA4B4AB4FA16FC6A" box="[1412,1432,980,1003]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Plöbst
</emphasis>
(herb. Kalb 37797)
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFCD6A50FE114A97FDDEFBD9" collectingDate="1980-07-08" collectionCode="K" collectorName="Serra dos Coroados" country="Brazil" elevation="600" latitude="-15.5" location="Buriti" longLatPrecision="1284" longitude="-55.666668" municipality="Buriti" pageId="50" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCD6A50FE114A97FDC9FB91" box="[478,583,1015,1040]" name="Brazil" pageId="50">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCD6A50FD9C4A98FD65FB91" box="[595,747,1015,1040]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="50">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectorName id="26B3A2F1FFCD6A50FD384A97FC55FB91" box="[759,987,1015,1040]" pageId="50">Serra dos Coroados</collectorName>
; 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5D5DFFCD6A50FC294A97FBA5FB91" box="[998,1067,1015,1040]" pageId="50">Buriti</collectingMunicipality>
, nature reserve of the Protestant school of 
<location id="8E9991FCFFCD6A50FEC64D7CFEC0FBB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7631FFCE6A50FF584E1EFEFAFB69:8E9991FCFFCD6A50FEC64D7CFEC0FBB4" box="[265,334,1052,1077]" country="Brazil" latitude="-15.5" longLatPrecision="1284" longitude="-55.666668" municipality="Buriti" name="Buriti" pageId="50" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Buriti</location>
, ca. 
<locationDeviation id="9A4BDE05FFCD6A50FE4C4D7CFDD4FBB4" box="[387,602,1052,1077]" location="Buriti" pageId="50">
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FE4C4D7CFE33FBB4" box="[387,445,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="50" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
SW of Buriti
</locationDeviation>
in a submontane rainforest, 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FC6C4D7CFC60FBB2" box="[931,1006,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="50" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="006B2014FFCD6A50FC6C4D7CFC60FBB2" box="[931,1006,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="50" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FC344D7CFBEFFBB4" box="[1019,1121,1052,1077]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-15.5">15°30’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FBA04D7CFB6EFBB2" box="[1135,1248,1052,1077]" degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-55.666668">55°40’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCD6A50FB224D7CFAFBFBB4" box="[1261,1397,1052,1077]" pageId="50" value="1980-07-08">
<collectingDate id="EFBC180FFFCD6A50FB224D7CFAFBFBB4" box="[1261,1397,1052,1077]" pageId="50" value="1980-07-08">8 July 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FA4D4D7DFEFDFBD9" italics="true" pageId="50">
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FA4D4D7DFA16FBB5" box="[1410,1432,1053,1076]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Kalb &amp; m, Marcelli
</emphasis>
(herb. Kalb 37800)
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFCD6A50FDA24D5FFEE2FB21" collectingDate="1978-07-21" collectionCode="K, G" country="Brazil" county="Serra da Mantiqueira" elevation="1100" latitude="-22.333334" location="Parque National do Itatiaia" longLatPrecision="1260" longitude="-44.583332" municipality="Itatiaia" pageId="50" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCD6A50FDA24D5FFD5BFBD9" box="[621,725,1087,1112]" name="Brazil" pageId="50">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCD6A50FD104D5FFC0BFBD9" box="[735,901,1087,1112]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="50">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="6298BFABFFCD6A50FC5F4D5FFB0EFBD9" box="[912,1152,1087,1112]" pageId="50">Serra da Mantiqueira</collectingCounty>
; 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5D5DFFCD6A50FB444D5FFB52FBD9" box="[1163,1244,1087,1112]" pageId="50">Itatiaia</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E9991FCFFCD6A50FB284D20FE84FBFC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7631FFCE6A50FF584E1EFEFAFB69:8E9991FCFFCD6A50FB284D20FE84FBFC" country="Brazil" county="Serra da Mantiqueira" latitude="-22.333334" longLatPrecision="1260" longitude="-44.583332" municipality="Itatiaia" name="Parque National do Itatiaia" pageId="50" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">Parque National do Itatiaia</location>
, in a humid and dark primary rainforest, 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FD1E4D04FCA8FBFA" box="[721,806,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="50" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<elevation id="006B2014FFCD6A50FD1E4D04FCA8FBFA" box="[721,806,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="50" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FCFE4D04FC1BFBFC" box="[817,917,1124,1149]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-22.333334">22°20’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FC6E4D04FB81FBFA" box="[929,1039,1124,1149]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-44.583332">44°35’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCD6A50FBD64D04FB3DFBFC" box="[1049,1203,1124,1149]" pageId="50" value="1978-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EFBC180FFFCD6A50FBD64D04FB3DFBFC" box="[1049,1203,1124,1149]" pageId="50" value="1978-07-21">21. July 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FB724D05FA12FBFC" box="[1213,1436,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="50">
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FB724D05FB5DFBFD" box="[1213,1235,1125,1148]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Kalb &amp; 
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FAF94D04FAC4FBFA" box="[1334,1354,1124,1147]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Plöbst
</emphasis>
(herb. Kalb 39358)
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B2ECD7AFFCD6A50FE464DE7FEFEFB69" collectingDate="1978-03-24" collectionCode="K, G" collectorName="de Paranapiacaba" country="Brazil" county="Serra do Mar" elevation="700" latitude="-24.0" location="Rio Juquia" longLatPrecision="1253" longitude="-47.333332" municipality="Serra de Paranapiacaba" pageId="50" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">
<collectingCountry id="F35187B7FFCD6A50FE464DE7FE7FFB21" box="[393,497,1159,1184]" name="Brazil" pageId="50">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCD6A50FE334DE7FDFFFB21" box="[508,625,1159,1184]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="50">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="6298BFABFFCD6A50FDB44DE7FC9CFB1E" box="[635,786,1159,1184]" pageId="50">Serra do Mar</collectingCounty>
; 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D5D5DFFCD6A50FCD14DE7FBA8FB21" box="[798,1062,1159,1184]" pageId="50">
Serra 
<collectorName id="26B3A2F1FFCD6A50FC904DE7FBA8FB21" box="[863,1062,1159,1184]" pageId="50">de Paranapiacaba</collectorName>
</collectingMunicipality>
, ca. 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FB984DE7FB11FB21" box="[1111,1183,1159,1184]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="50" unit="km" value="80.0">80 km</quantity>
SW of 
<collectingRegion id="498209C5FFCD6A50FB3B4DE7FAE6FB21" box="[1268,1384,1159,1184]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="50">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
, in a light and humid rainforest along the 
<location id="8E9991FCFFCD6A50FDFC4DCCFD21FB44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF7631FFCE6A50FF584E1EFEFAFB69:8E9991FCFFCD6A50FDFC4DCCFD21FB44" box="[563,687,1196,1221]" country="Brazil" county="Serra do Mar" latitude="-24.0" longLatPrecision="1253" longitude="-47.333332" municipality="Serra de Paranapiacaba" name="Rio Juquia" pageId="50" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Rio Juquiá</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CBE6AC2FFCD6A50FD744DCCFC8BFB42" box="[699,773,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="50" unit="m" value="700.0">
<elevation id="006B2014FFCD6A50FD744DCCFC8BFB42" box="[699,773,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="50" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FCDE4DCCFCF8FB44" box="[785,886,1196,1221]" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-24.0">24°00’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE72A1E0FFCD6A50FC4C4DCCFC7DFB42" box="[899,1011,1196,1221]" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" precision="925" value="-47.333332">47°20’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFF8E1E7FFCD6A50FC314DCCFB23FB44" box="[1022,1197,1196,1221]" pageId="50" value="1978-03-24">
<collectingDate id="EFBC180FFFCD6A50FC314DCCFB23FB44" box="[1022,1197,1196,1221]" pageId="50" value="1978-03-24">24 March 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B9321B35FFCD6A50FB774DCDFA15FB44" box="[1208,1435,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="50">
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FB774DCDFB40FB45" box="[1208,1230,1197,1220]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Kalb &amp; 
<collectionCode id="ED575FE2FFCD6A50FAFA4DCCFAC7FB42" box="[1333,1353,1196,1219]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="50" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Plöbst
</emphasis>
(herb. Kalb 39361)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>