Review of Pennella Oken, 1816 (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a description of Pennella benzi sp. nov., a parasite of Escolar, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Pisces) in the northwest Atlantic Ocean Author Hogans, W. E. text Zootaxa 2017 4244 1 1 38 journal article 36256 10.11646/zootaxa.4244.1.1 05f1a37b-29f3-4bca-a735-178a3373bb8a 1175-5326 400400 781D71C8-4632-4D1B-8D82-F77CA1146029 Pennella diodontis Oken, 1816 ( Fig. 7 ) Synonyms. Pennella cervicornis Heegaard, 1943 , P. plumosa ( Dekay, 1844 ) Type host and locality. Diodon sexmaculatus , Philippines . FIGURE 7. Pennella diodontis , a. entire parasite; b. cephalothorax, dorsal; c. same, ventral; d. first and second antenna, dorsal; e. second and third swimming legs (redrawn from Kirtisinghe, 1935). Scale bars: a = 2.0 mm; b, c = 0.2 mm; d, e = 0.02 mm. Morphology. Size: 24–28 mm . Papillae: partial coverage, clavate and club-like, consistent in size and shape, not found in organized groups. Holdfasts: two only, short. First antenna with three segments, second with two segments. Plumes: simple, single. Remarks. A valid species. Original description from porcupine fish, Diodon sexmaculatus (= D. holacanthus ) ( Oken 1816 ); redescription from the same host species, Ceylon ( Kirtisinghe 1932; Fig. 7 ). Considered incorrectly as infesting two host genera: Lophius and Diodon ( Wilson 1917 ) . The history of P. diodontis was often confused with that of P. sagitta ( Wilson 1917 ) , however, P. diodontis reported from Lophius was an error of Blainville (1822) based on a poor description and incorrect host identification; P. diodontis is in fact a parasite of porcupine fish ( Diodontidae : Diodon ) and P. sagitta is found so far only on frogfish (Antennaridae: Histrio , possibly Antennarius ) ). Lasarus and Sreenivasan (1977) reported P. diodontis from the moorish idol ( Zanculus canascens (= Z. cornuta ) in the Indian Ocean. The single habitus figure and brief description are not sufficient to confidently place their specimens (eight) in P. diodontis . However, the size of the parasite ( 26mm ) and the cephalothoracic papillae (few small at center, and larger branched papillae around the cephalothorax periphery) are reminiscent of the species. As a parasite of Diodon , P. diodontis is a small species with uniformity in most structures between specimens ( Hogans 1988a ), however, its cephalothoracic papillae may vary slightly in arrangement and number depending on the individual parasite ( Hogans 1988a ; Heegard 1943 ).