Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes Author Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M. Author Riera, Pamela pamela.riera1@gmail.com Author Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura laurapaninao@gmail.com Author Guzmán, Vicente Valdés vicente.mvg@gmail.com Author Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia phenriquezpi@student.unimelb.edu.au text Zootaxa 2021 2021-04-15 4959 1 1 178 journal article 7241 10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1 e9fcfa2b-72cd-4826-a7e5-c33cd37bf00e 1175-5326 4693464 3BAB6920-30AC-410A-995B-BBDA9E2A105D Syrphus octomaculatus Walker, 1836 Figs 201–202 Syrphus octomaculatus Walker, 1836: 344 Syrphus gayi Macquart, 1842: 90 Syrphus testaceicornis Macquart, 1850: 457 Syrphus poecilogaster Philippi, 1865: 746 Syrphus patagonus Lynch Arribálzaga, 1892: 115 Type locality and data. Chile ” (T, , BMNH ) . Material examined. Tarapacá: 1♂ , MiñeMiñe , no date, Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Pampa del Tamarugal , Pozo Almonte , no date, Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; Antofagasta : 1♂ , Laguna Miscanti , 15.XII.1997 , Leg. Castillo ( MZUC ) ; Coquimbo : 1♀ , La Serena , 8.I.1957 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Quilimari , 24.X.1965 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; Valparaíso : 1♀ , Caleta Higuerillas , ConCon , 14.X.1963 , Leg. N. Hichens ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Playa Ancha , 11.XII.1963 , Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Quinta Vergara , 8.III.1964 , Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Quebrada El Salto , 24.VIII.1965 , Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , El Granizo , 9.XII.1963 , Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Limache , 18.IX.1963 , Leg. Maldonado ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♀ , Quebrada verde, 30.VIII.1963 , Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Parque Peñuelas , 27.V.1964 , Leg. D. Lanfranco ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , ConCon , 5.V.1964 , Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Olmué IX.1975 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Villa Alemana , 8.X.1961 , Leg. Solervicens ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Cuesta el Melón , 27.XII.1977 , Leg. D. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Cerro La Campana , 8.X.1967 , Leg. C. Vivar ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♀ , El Canelillo , 23.X.1965 , Leg. Pino ( IEUMCE ) ; Metropolitana : Cuesta Lo Prado ( Boyes et al. , 1973 ) ; 1♂ , Rungue , no date, Leg. S. Sansotta ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , TilTil , Caleu 18.IX.1962 , Leg. Castillo ( MZUC ) ; 1♂ , Cerro Renca , 19.X.1952 , Leg. Orellana ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , El Arrayán , XII.1956 , Leg. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Cerro San Cristóbal , no date, Leg. M. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Agua del Chancho , Las Condes , 27.VIII.1980 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , La Reina , 1.XII.1951 , Leg. M. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE ) ; Peñalolen , II.1955 , Leg. Montero ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♀ , Macul , 1.V.1952 , Leg. M. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE ) ; 2♂ , 1♀ , La Obra , no date, Leg. M. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , El Canelo , 8.XI.1947 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC ) ; 1♂ , Isla de Maipo , no date, Leg. H. Toro ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , El Volcán , 1.II.1951 , Leg. M. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Rinconada de Maipú , 26.IV.1967 , Leg. N. Hichins ( MEUC ) ; 1♂ , Quebrada de la Plata , 03.XI.1967 ; Leg. N. Hichins ( MEUC ) ; Maule : 1♀ , Alto Vilches , 21.I.1976 , Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Los Cipreses , 1.XII.1951 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Bullileo , XII.1959 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 9♂ , 6♀ , Fundo Malcho , 1.XII.1956 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC ) ; surround Los Queules National Reserve ( Lander et al. 2009 ); Ñuble : 1♂ , Chillán , 1.VIII.1959 , Leg. NN ( MZUC ) ; Las Trancas , 1.II.1956 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Termas de Chillán , II.1965 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; Biobío : 1♀ , Caramavida , 6.I.1954 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♀ , Pemehue , 19.I.1946 , Leg. G. Kuschel ( MNHNCL ) ; La Araucanía: 1♂ , Parque Cabrería , Nahuelbuta , 11.I.1978 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta , 1.X.1978 , Leg. P. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♀ , Pichinahuel , 10.XII.1956 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( IEUMCE ) ; 2♂ , Angol , 26.VIII.1941 , Leg. J. Dandel ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♀ , Contulmo , no date, Leg. M. Etcheverry & J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 2♀ , Cerro Ñielol , Temuco , II.1954 , Leg. R. Isla ( MZUC ) ; 1♂ , Temuco , 18.XII.1970 , Leg. Castillo ( MZUC ) ; 1♂ , 1♀ , Termas de Rio Blanco , 19.II.1954 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC ) ; 1♂ , Toltén , 11.I.1955 , Leg. H. Toro ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Termas de Palguin , Leg. Etcheverry ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♀ , Lican Ray , 17.XI.1986 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; Los Ríos: 1♀ , Valdivia , 22.VI.1966 , Leg. Wagenknecht ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Cocule , 6.III.1952 , Leg. NN ( MNHNCL ) ; Isla Mancera ( Porter 1927a ); Los Lagos : 1♂ , Aduana Pajaritos , Puyehue , 7.XI.1978 , Leg. Camousseight ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Parque Nacional Puyehue , 7–10.II.1993 , Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Puerto Octay , 19.I.1956 , Leg. Castillo ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♀ , Saltos del Petrohue , 29.I.1996 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♀ , Peulla , Puerto Varas , 14.XII.1969 , Leg. M. Etcheverry ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♀ , Lago Chapo , 28.II.1983 , Leg. Arriagada ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Guabun , no date, Leg. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Ancud , 16.II.1964 , Leg. J. Herrera ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♀ , Dalcahue , 15.II.1957 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC ) ; Aysén : 1♂ , Puerto Cisnes , 8.I.1967 , Leg. Zapata ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Puerto Aysén , 3.I.1967 , Leg. Montes ( IEUMCE ) ; Magallanes : 1♂ , Chabunco , 22.I.1952 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ); 11♀ , Laguna Amarga , 20.XI.1960 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC ) ; 1♂ , Estancia Guayrabo , 23.XI.1979 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Ojo Bueno , 11.X.1974 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♀ , Ruhens , 3.XI.1969 , Leg. L.E. Peña ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♀ , Punta Arenas , 18.XI.1979 , Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Estero Maria , 25.I.1952 , Leg. Barrientos ( IEUMCE ) ; 1♂ , Punta delgada, 28.XI.1968 , Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Isla Riesco , 11.X.1968 , Leg. NN ( MNHNCL ) ; 1♂ , Rio Pérez , 7.XII.1976 , Leg. NN ( MNHNCL ) . References. Walker, 1836: 344 (desc.); Macquart, 1842: 150 , fig. 8 (head) (desc.); Macquart, 1850: 457 , fig. 12 (head) (desc.); Blanchard, 1852: 409 (desc.); Blanchard, 1852 , plate 3, fig. 9 (ill.); Philippi, 1865: 746 (des. poecilogaster species); Williston, 1886: 311 (cat.); Reed, 1888: 299 (cat.); Lynch Arribálzaga, 1892: 114 (cat.); Kertész, 1910: 115 (cat.); Porter, 1897a: 22 (cat.); Hine, 1914: 337 (cat. & dist.); Porter, 1927b: 122 (cat.); Shannon, 1927: 29 (desc.); Porter, 1932: 190 (cat. & notes); Pirión, 1933: 89 (notes); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 125 (desc.); Ruiz & Stuardo, 1935: 318 (natural history); Fluke, 1942: 3 , fig. 1 (abdomen); Stuardo, 1946: 122 (cat.); Fluke, 1956: 197 (cat.); Rojas, 1966: 175 (cat. of predators of aphids); Boyes et al. , 1973: 371 (karyotypes); Etcheverry, 1963: 83 (cat.); Thompson et al. , 1976: 8 (cat.); Zúñiga et al. , 1986: 480 (predators of aphids); Thompson et al. , 2000: 40 (key); González & Coscarón, 2005: 347 (distr.); Smith-Ramírez et al. , 2005: 412 (pollinator study); Lander et al. , 2009: 408 (pollinator study); Wakeham-Dawson et al. , 2009: 68 (cat.); Carvallo et al. , 2013: 480 (pollinator study); Smith-Ramírez et al. , 2014: 7 (ecological study, supplementary material); Montoya, 2016: 479 (cat.). World distribution. Argentina , Colombia , Costa Rica , Mexico and Chile . Chilean distribution. From Tarapacá to Magallanes region ( Fig. 205 ). Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems ( 2–4,140 m .a.s.l.). Biology and notes. Syrphus octomaculatus is a widely distributed species that has been collected visiting flowers of native trees such as G. keule ( Lander et al. , 2009 ) , Myrceugenia planipes , T. stipularis ( Smith-Ramírez et al. , 2005 ) and the exotic species Echium vulgare L. ( Carvallo et al. 2013 ). This flower fly species also visits flowers of Anisomeria littoralis (Poepp. & Endl.) Moq. (Camilo Colilaf, CSP record) and Baccharis sp. (Matías Cortés , CSP record); L. triloba , P. chilensis and Prunus sp. (Orlando Montes, CSP records); L. caustica ( César Martínez, CSP record); Pasithea caerulea (Ruiz & Pav.) D.Don (Jorge Vera, CSP record); R. ulmifolius (Ricardo Huenuanca, CSP record); R. raphanistrum (Azul de Zafiro and Edgardo Flores , CSP records); Rosa eglanteria L. (María Rojas Gómez-Lobo, CSP record) and Sophora macrocarpa Sm (Francisco Espinoza, CSP record). Conservation status. LC; EOO = 1,168,494 km 2 , AOO = 320 km 2 , 59 subpopulations and 71 localities.