A taxonomic review of the neotropical genus Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)
Author
Edmonds, W. D.
Author
Zidek, J.
Coprophanaeus bonariensis (Gory)
text
Insecta Mundi
2010
2010-07-02
2010
129
1
111
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.5352924
1942-1354
5352924
Coprophanaeus
(
Megaphanaeus
)
bellicosus
(
Olivier, 1789
)
Fig. 16, 27-34
Scarabaeus bellicosus
Olivier, 1789: 109
Phanaeus sylvanus
Castelnau, 1840: 80
(syn. by
Nevinson 1892: 2
)
Megaphanaeus bellicosus
(Olivier)
(recomb. by
Blackwelder 1944: 209
)
Coprophanaeus bellicosus
(Olivier)
(recomb. by
Edmonds 1972: 841
)
Type.
S. bellicosus
–
holotype
male,
Hunterian Museum
,
University
of
Glasgow
(examined by photo)
;
P. sylvanus
–
unknown to us.
Figure 29-34
.
Coprophanaeus bellicosus
.
29-30)
Female habitus.
31-33)
Male habitus (arrow in 32 indicates posterolateral ridge).
34)
Aedeagus (lateral view below; dorsal view above).
Diagnosis.
General
– Pronotum (
Fig. 30-31
) punctate posteromedially, not granulate. Posterolateral pronotal ridge long, extending to lateral pronotal fossa (
Fig. 32
, arrow). Metasternal shield largely smooth (as in
Fig.18
); anterior portion of metasternum smooth. Elytral striae (
Fig. 16
) narrow, sides carinulate, straight, converging apically; interstriae 1-4 smooth, 5-7 finely rugose. Dorsal color black or dark brown, sometimes dark blue or bluish violet. Length
28-38 mm
.
Male
(
Fig. 31-33
) – Pronotal concavity broad, shallow, lacking lateral protuberances. Dorsal prominence with narrow, median, scoop-shaped element. Apical process of parameres rounded in profile.
Female
(
Fig. 29-30
) – Cephalic process tridentate, middle tubercle much larger than laterals. Pronotal prominence a transverse, weakly bitumid, narrow process near posterior margin; pronotal concavity very broad, shallow, similar to that of male. Protarsi present.
Specimens examined
– 150.
Distribution.
Atlantic coast forests of
Brazil
(Paranaian subregion) (
Fig. 28
).
Collection Records
.
BRAZIL
:
Bahia
–
Entre Rios
(
Jan
)
;
Encruzilhada
(
Dec
)
.
Espiritu Santo
–
Sooretama
(
Jun
,
Nov
)
;
Tijuco Prêto
(
Dec
)
;
Fazenda Lagoa do Macuco
[Municipio Linhares],
19
o
03’50”S
39
o
58’43”W
(
Jan
)
;
Timbuhy.
Minas Gerais
– Viçosa [Mata do Paraiso],
20
o
48’18”S
42
o
51’20”W
,
750 m
(
Feb
,
Nov
).
Rio Grande do Sul
–
São Alberto
(
Jan
).
Rio de Janeiro
–
Nova Friburgo
(
Jan
,
Oct
)
;
17 km
E Nova Friburgo
,
22
o
23’04”S
42
o
33’30”W
,
750 m
(
Jan
).
Santa Catarina
–
Joinville
(
Nov-Dec
)
;
Tijuca Forest
(
Jan
).
São Paulo
–
São João dos Campos
(
Feb
)
;
Nova
Cantareira (
Apr
)
;
50 km
SE Mogi
das Cruzes
[
Serra do Mar Biological Station
“
Boraceia
”],
800-900 m
(
Apr
)
;
Tremembé
(
Dec
)
.
Comments.
Arnaud (2002c)
transferred this species to the subgenus
Coprophanaeus
s. str.
stating only that, while it was isolated from other members of that subgenus, it could not “… en aucune manière, si ce n’est sa taille, être associé au groupe
lancifer
.” We disagree and maintain its placement in
Megaphanaeus
because of the suite of characters it shares with
C. lancifer
,
C. ensifer
and
C. bonariensis
(see key to subgenera). But we do agree that it is a taxonomic isolate within the subgenus with, in our view, a closer affinity with the saphirinus group of
Metallophanaeus
than with any constituent of
Coprophanaeus
s. str.
In this context, the affinity is suggested by secondary sexual characteristics of both sexes and the texture of the elytra. Interestingly,
Nevinson (1892)
in his “Suggested order of the species, and the groups into which they more-or-less naturally fall,” proposed
C. bellicosus
as an isolated annectant between the lancifer and saphirinus groups. To
Martínez (1944)
the females of
C. bellicosus
“ … se asemejan a ciertos [
two male
symbols] del subgenero
Coprophanaeus
del grupo
jasius
.”
Coprophanaeus bellicosus
is a denizen of the Atlantic coast forests of
Brazil
, and its range, along with that of
C. cerberus
, has undoubtedly contracted in recent decades because of widespread agriculturization and urbanization of Brazil’s eastern seaboard.