Survey of Linyphiidae spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Wulipo National Nature Reserve, Chongqing, China Author Irfan, Muhammad 81552C4A-93FC-4B6E-8EA1-0B4E38CC6466 Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. irfanuos94@yahoo.com Author Wang, Lu-Yu F4C0A3AD-7EC6-4E0D-9B32-ABCDC3FD58E0 Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. wangluyu1989@163.com Author Zhang, Zhi-Sheng B3A56DD2-41DD-4C80-A749-19AAC88A5E4A Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. zhangzs327@qq.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-06-05 871 1 85 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2023.871.2129 95a709fe-604c-4b77-aa73-7510df404384 2118-9773 8007049 0578106F-841E-4CD0-90F1-39CEDE96959C Wuliphantes trigyrus gen. et sp. nov. (三圈五里蛛) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E42DFF20-0133-4382-A787-90B1DE1CAF06 Figs 61–63 Differential diagnosis The new species resembles Wuliphantes guanshan ( Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2022 ) gen. et comb. nov. and W. tongluensis ( Chen & Song, 1988 ) gen. et comb. nov. in having similar genital organs of both male palp and epigyne ( Figs 55–56 , 58–59 , 61–62 ), but can be distinguished from both of the species by the embolus with about three coils in the new species ( Fig. 61A ), whereas with four coils in W. guanshan ( Fig. 55A ) and with two coils in W. tongluensis ( Fig. 58A ); base of protegulum with about eight small teeth in new species ( Fig. 58B ), whereas teeth absent in both W. guanshan ( Fig. 55B ) and W. tongluensis ( Fig. 58B ). In epigyne, copulatory ducts with about seven coils before entering the spermathecae in the new species ( Fig. 62B–C ), whereas with eight coils in W. guanshan ( Fig. 59B–C ) and with five coils in W. tongluensis ( Fig. 59B–C ). All of the three species have conspicuous differences in the shape of spermathecae ( Figs 56C , 59C , 62C ). Etymology The epithet is derived from the Latin prefix ‘ tri ’ and the noun ‘ gyrus ’ meaning ‘three and coils’ and referring to the embolus with three circles in male palp ( Fig. 61A ). Fig. 55. Wuliphantes guanshan ( Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2022 ) gen. et comb. nov. , ♂ (SWUC-T-LIN-01-01), left palp. A . Prolateral view. B . Retrolateral view. C . Dorsal view. D . Ventral view. Fig. 56. Wuliphantes guanshan ( Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2022 ) gen. et comb. nov. , ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-01-02). A–B . Epigynum, ventral view. C . Vulva, dorsal view. Type material Holotype CHINA • ♂ ; Chongqing , Wushan County , Dangyang Town ; 31°24′8.26″ N , 109°58′45.57″ E ; elev. 823 m ; 1 Oct. 2020 ; L.Y. Wang , X.W. Zhou , T.Y. Ren , J.X. Zhao and L. Xiao leg.; SWUC-T-LIN-25-01 . Paratypes CHINA • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; SWUC-T-LIN-25-02 • 2 ♂♂ ; Wushan County , Dangyang Town , Wushanya ; 31°28′21.35″ N , 109°59′10.29″ E ; elev. 1740 m ; 2 Oct. 2020 ; L.Y. Wang , X.W. Zhou , T.Y. Ren , J.X. Zhao and L. Xiao leg.; SWUC-T-LIN-25-03–04 • 1 ♀ ; Wushan County , Guanyang Town , Zhuxian Township , Putao Village ; 31°15′26.72″ N , 110°4′34.11″ E ; elev. 1542 m ; 6 Oct. 2020 ; L.Y. Wang , X.W. Zhou , T.Y. Ren , J.X. Zhao and L. Xiao leg.; SWUC-T-LIN-25-05 . Fig. 57. Wuliphantes guanshan ( Irfan, Wang & Zhang, 2022 ) gen. et comb. nov. , habitus, dorsal view. A . ♂ (SWUC-T-LIN-01-01). B . ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-01-02). Fig. 58. Wuliphantes tongluensis ( Chen & Song, 1988 ) gen. et comb. nov. , ♂ (SWUC-T-LIN-24-01), left palp. A . Prolateral view. B . Retrolateral view. C . Dorsal view. D . Ventral view. Fig. 59. Wuliphantes tongluensis ( Chen & Song, 1988 ) gen. et comb. nov. , ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-24-02). A–B . Epigyne, ventral view. C . Vulva, anterior view. Description Male ( holotype , Figs 62 , 63A ) MEASUREMENTS . Total 1.87 long; carapace 0.70 long, 0.73 wide; abdomen 1.17 long, 0.71 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PLE 0.04, ALE–ALE 0.33, PLE–PLE 0.36, ALE–PLE 0.01, AME–PME 0.07. Fig. 60. Wuliphantes tongluensis ( Chen & Song, 1988 ) gen. et comb. nov. , habitus, dorsal view. A . ♂ (SWUC-T-LIN-24-01). B . ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-24-02). Fig. 61. Wuliphantes trigyrus gen. et sp. nov. , ♂ holotype (SWUC-T-LIN-25-01), left palp. A . Prolateral view. B . Retrolateral view. C . Dorsal view. D . Ventral view. Fig. 62. Wuliphantes trigyrus gen. et sp. nov. , ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-25-02). A–B . Epigyne, ventral view. C . Vulva, anterior view. CEPHALOTHORAX . Carapace yellowish-brown; cephalic region slightly elevated; fovea, cervical and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus 0.15 high. CHELICERAE . With three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. LEG MEASUREMENTS . Legs long, yellow. Length of legs: I 3.64 (0.96, 1.19, 0.78, 0.71), II 3.22 (0.91, 1.06,0.67,0.58), III 2.54 (0.77, 0.76,0.54,0.47), IV 3.55 (0.95, 1.17, 0.76, 0.76, 0.67). Leg formula IV-I-II-III. TmI 0.31 and TmIV absent. Tibial spine formula: 2-2-2-2. ABDOMEN . Oval, gray, dorsally with transverse dark chevrons, ventral side gray. Fig. 63. Wuliphantes trigyrus gen. et sp. nov. , habitus, dorsal view. A . Holotype, ♂ (SWUC-T-LIN-25-01). B . Paratype, ♀ (SWUC-T-LIN-25-02). PALP ( Fig. 61 ). Tibia conic, with two retrolateral and one dorsal trichobothrium, with many short and long spine-like hairs on all surfaces. Paracymbium sclerotized, simple, proximal end wide with thick spines, distal arm slightly curved extending towards cymbium with relatively broad tip covered by lateral margin of cymbium; tegulum longer than wide with a well-developed protegulum bulge on ectal side, eight small teeth present at the base of protegulum; embolic plate highly developed, with a short finger-shaped dorsal projection of embolic plate and a long ventral projection of embolic plate extending towards distal end with curved pointed tip; embolic plate dorsally with a long, thick spine (pointed with white arrow on the Fig. 5A ); embolus with three coils, originating at 12 o’clock on prolateral side of palp. Female ( paratype , SWUC-T-LIN-25-02, Figs 62 , 63B ) MEASUREMENTS . Total 1.65 long; carapace 0.85 long, 0.64 wide; abdomen 1.02 long, 0.65 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.07, PME 0.07, PLE 0.07, AME–AME 0.02, PME–PME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PLE 0.04, ALE–ALE 0.28, PLE–PLE 0.30, ALE–PLE contiguous, AME–PME 0.07. CEPHALOTHORAX . Same as in male. Clypeus 0.12 high. CHELICERAE . With three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. LEG MEASUREMENTS . Legs long, yellow. Length of legs: I 3.26 (0.87, 1.07, 0.74, 0.58), II 3.09 (0.84, 0.95, 0.74, 0.56), III 2.42 (0.71, 0.75, 0.51, 0.45), IV 3.17 (0.92, 0.99, 0.72, 0.54). Leg formula IV-I-II-III. TmI 0.23 and TmIV absent. Tibial spine formula: 2-2-2-2. ABDOMEN . Same as in male. EPIGYNE ( Fig. 62 ). Ventral plate unmodified; dorsal plate somewhat rectangular; copulatory opening inconspicuous, present posteriorly; copulatory ducts forming seven coils before joining the spermathecae; spermathecae compact, present at the apex of the dorsal plate; fertilization ducts extending mesally. Distribution Known from type locality.