Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa
Author
Noort, Simon van
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-9741
Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, P. O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa & Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
svannoort@iziko.org.za
Author
Smith, Rosali
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Centre for Biological Control, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
Author
Coetzee, Julie A.
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Centre for Biological Control, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
text
African Invertebrates
2021
2021-03-09
62
1
287
314
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
2305-2562-1-287
DD1C36510E8A4F508D6632474969C0F3
0321137FE48A5A169DC4D9B172218B54
Chaenusa (Chaenusa) anervata van Achterberg, 2012
Figs 1
, 2
, 3
, 4
Holotype
.
South Africa
• female;
Mpumalanga Prov.
,
Lydenburg Fisheries
,
Lydenburg
;
25°11'S
,
30°48'E
;
21.xi.2008
;
J.R. Baars
,
J.A. Coetzee
,
G.D. Martin
; ex leaf-miner
on
Lagarosiphon major
Hydrocharitaceae
(
SANC
examined).
Figure 1.
Chaenusa anervata
Holotype
female TYPH01927 (
SANC
)
A
habitus, lateral view
B
habitus, dorsal view
C
head and mesosoma, lateral view
D
head and mesosoma, dorsal view
E
head, anterior view
F
head, ventrolateral view.
Paratypes
.
South Africa
•
1 female
;
KwaZulu-Natal Prov.
,
Mooi River
,
Mearns Dam
;
29°25'S
, 29°97'E;
18.xi.2008
;
J.R. Baars
,
J.A. Coetzee
,
G.D. Martin
; ex leaf-miner
on
Lagarosiphon major
Hydrocharitaceae
(
RMNH
not seen)
•
1 male
:
Underberg
,
Farm Dam on
Bushman's
Nek
road;
30°27'S
,
29°14'E
;
16.xi.2008
(
SANC
examined)
•
1 male
;
Mooi River
,
Mearns Weir
,
29°15'S
,
29°57'E
,
17.xi.2008
(
RMNH
not seen)
.
Figure 2.
Chaenusa anervata
Holotype
female TYPH01927 (
SANC
)
A
propodeum and metasoma, dorsal view
B
propodeum and metasoma, lateral view
C
scutellum, metanotum and propodeum, dorsal view
D
first tergite, dorsal view
E
wings
F
data labels.
Other material.
South Africa
•
1 male
;
KwaZulu-Natal
,
Midmar Dam
,
29°32'21.35"S
,
30°11'40.15"E
,
June 2019
,
R. Smith
, Collected from
Egeria densa
infestation with
Hydrellia egeriae
pupae, reared in lab, MDMR-FOR-R05, SAM-HYM-P092803 (
SAMC
)
.
Biology.
Parasitoid of aquatic leaf-mining flies (
Ephydridae
):
Hydrellia lagarosiphon
on
Lagarosiphon major
(
Hydrocharitaceae
) and
Hydrellia egeriae
on
Egeria densa
(
Hydrocharitaceae
).
Figure 3.
Chaenusa anervata
Paratype
male (
SANC
)
A
habitus, lateral view
B
habitus, dorsal view
C
head, anterior view
D
wings, inset: data labels.
Distribution.
South Africa
.
Comments.
According to van
Achterberg and Prinsloo (2012)
, this species is similar to
Chaenusa glabra
Kula, 2009 (
India
,
Pakistan
), which has a two-segmented labial palp (three-segmented in
C. anervata
and
C. seminervata
), females with 12-14 antennal segments (at least
15 in
C. anervata
and
16-18 in
C. seminervata
) and males with 14-17 segments (
22 in
C. anervata
and
17-24 in
C. seminervata
). The body is brown or brownish-yellow as opposed to black in
C. anervata
and
C. seminervata
(van
Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012
). Other sexually dimorphic characters in
C. anervata
encompass the forewing pterostigma, which is light brown in females and dark brown in males; the male first metasomal tergite is generally longer (1.1-1.3 times its apical width) than in the female (1.1 times apical width) (van
Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012
); in addition, the compound eyes in females converge far more strongly (narrowest ventral width of face 0.55
x
broadest dorsal width) towards the clypeus than in the males (narrowest ventral width of face 0.90
x
broadest dorsal width); however, the overall relative dimensions of the face relative to the broadest width just below the toruli are equivalent in the two sexes, being slightly wider than high (females H:W = 9:10; males H:W = 10:11).
Figure 4.
Chaenusa anervata
male SAM-HYM-P
092803
(
SAMC
)
A
habitus, lateral view
B
habitus, dorsal view
C
head, anterior view
D
wings, inset: data labels.