Systematic revision of endemic southern African genera of Bolboceratinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Bolboceratidae)
Author
Gussmann S. M.
Author
Scholtz, C. H.
text
Journal of Natural History
2000
2000-12-31
34
1045
1123
journal article
10.1080/00222930050020122
1464-5262
4747979
Meridiobolbus quinquedens
(Kolbe)
(®gures 9a±d, 15c, d, 16d±f, 18a, b, 20)
Bolboceras quinquedens
Kolbe, 1894: 171
;
Boucomont 1902: 6
;
1912: 12
;
Paulian 1941: 27
.
Meridiobolbus quinquedens
(Kolbe)
:
Krikken 1984: 38
.
Bolboceras damarinum
PeÂringuey, 1901: 481
, plate xxxvi ®gure 19;
Boucomont 1912: 9
;
Paulian 1941: 27
(syn. of
Bolboceras quinquedens
).
Bolboceras fortuitum
PeÂringuey, 1901: 482
, plate xxxvi ®gure 23, plate xxxix ®gure 7;
Boucomont 1912: 9
;
Paulian 1941: 27
(syn. of
Bolboceras quinquedens
).
Bolboceras hebes
PeÂringuey, 1908: 640
;
Boucomont 1912: 10
;
Paulian 1941: 66
.
Meridiobolbus hebes
(PeÂringuey)
:
Krikken 1984: 38
.
Syn. nov.
Description
Body length
.
9.5±13.6 mm
.
Colour
. Light to dark brown.
Head
.
Outer margin of mandible
rounded but anteriorly more strongly curved inward (®gure 15c).
Labrum
(®gure 15c) declivous anteriad and posteriad from feebly developed to obsolete transverse carina; anterior margin distinctly sinuate.
Clypeus
(®gures 15c, 17, a, b) with strongly elevated transverse anterior carina, in dorsal view straight or very slightly arcuate; with well-de®ned, short diagonal, posteriorly steeply inclined carina, the latter connecting the antero-lateral marginal angle and the respective endpoint of the transverse anterior carina; with distinct lateral carina from endpoint of anterior carina extending to above antennal insertion, from there extending posteriorly in a slightly curved line past eye-canthus on frons reaching posterior end of frons.
Frons
(®gures 15c, 17a, b) with strongly elevated trituberculate transverse carina, positioned between eye-canthi.
Pronotum
(®gure 17a, b). With four protrusions in anterior half to two-thirds, ranging from very feebly tuberculate swellings (minor males) to conical horns (major males); median pair of protrusions approximated in major males, more widely spaced in minor males (compare ®gures 17a and 17b); median pair of protrusions often more developed than lateral protrusions; area encompassed by protrusions feebly to moderately depressed, with densely spaced large and few ®ne punctures; protrusions with ®ne punctures only; sometimes with feebly indented midline, not reaching area between median tubercles/horns or posterior pronotal margin; posterior part of pronotum swollen near posterior margin, with ®ne punctation; anterior of swollen band and posterior to protrusions with slight depression, the latter with large and ®ne punctation; towards sides ®ne punctation increasingly replaced by large, shallow, often conūent punctures.
Scutellum
(®gure 15d). Basal width about 1.37Ölength; with small to moderately sized, scattered punctures.
Elytron
(®gure 15d). Striae moderately impressed, their punctures small and separated by four to six puncture diameters; intervals with single punctation (approximately three to four ®ne punctures between two striae).
Legs
.
Protibia
®ve-dentate.
Metafemur
with punctation and setation of ventral side as in
Namibiobolbus
, ®gure 9d.
Metatibia
in lateral view distinctly broadening apically; with subapical carina unlobed; with knoblike projections randomly spread over surface above subapical carina.
Male genitalia
. Aedeagus as in ®gure 16d±f.
Distribution
(®gure 19).
Angola
,
Namibia
,
Botswana
, western
Zimbabwe
and central and northern
South Africa
. The single locality from
Angola
is beyond the boundary of the map and therefore not plotted.
Type material examined
.
LECTOTYPE
(here designated),
Bolboceras quinquedens
Kolbe
:`
quinquedens Kolbe
*’ [unknown handwriting on blue label]/`163 ’ [handwritten]/`Damara bis Ngami-See, Fleck S.’ [printed on blue label]/`Type ’ [printed on red label]/`66126 ’ [printed]/`Zool. Mus. Berlin’ /`damarinu m PeÂring.’ [unknown handwriting] (ZMHB); PARALECTOTYP E (here designated):`quinquedens
n.sp.
Kolbe’ [handwriting Kolbe]/`Damara bis Ngami-See, Fleck S.’ [printed on blue label]/`162’ [hand-written]/`Zool. Mus. Berlin’ (ZMHB);
HOLOTYPE
,
Bolboceras damarinum
PeÂringuey
:`
Bolboceras
damarinus Typ. Py’ [handwriting PeÂringuey]/`4’ [handwritten]/`... Holgers [?, illegible], Damaraland 1876’ [unknown handwriting]/`
quinquedens Kolbe, H.Andreae
det.’ [handwriting Andreae, curator ex SAMC]/`SAM ’ [black print on white label]/`Type SAM/Ent 5072’ [black print and handwriting on red label] (SAMC);
LECTOTYPE
(here designated),
Bolboceras fortuitum
PeÂringuey
:`
Bolboceras
fortuitus Typ. Py’ [handwriting PeÂringuey]/`611’ /`Type SAM/Ent 5075’ [black print and handwriting on red label] (SAMC); PARALECTOTYP E (here designated):`
fortuitum PeÂring.
Allotype’ [handwriting Andreae, curator ex SAMC]/`611’ /`Type SAM/Ent 5077’ [black print and handwriting on red label] (SAMC);
HOLOTYPE
,
Bolboceras hebes
PeÂringuey
:`
Bolboceras hebes Typ.
Py’ [handwriting PeÂringuey]/`D.Arnot, Colesberg, C.C.’ [handwriting PeÂringuey]/`m’/`fortuitu m PeÂr., H.Andreae det.’ [handwriting Andreae, curator ex SAMC]/`SAM ’ [black print on white label]/`Type SAM/Ent 5076’ [black print and handwriting on red label] (SAMC).
Additional material examined
(
141 specimens
).
Angola
:
1, l
Dondo
(
Cambambe
) [
ca
09.40S
14.30E
], 957, R. v.d.
Luhe
(
TMSA
)
.
Botswana
:
1, l
Chobe R.
,
5 km
E Kasane
,
17.48S
25.09E
,
Holm
,
Marais
,
Nel
,
Saieva
,
20.i.1986
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Moremi, SE
19 23
Bc
,
9.i.1981
(
UPSA
)
;
1, l12x,
Okavango
,
Thamalakane
riv., SE 19 23
Dc
/
Cd
/ SE 20 23
Ab
,
xii.1973
,
P. Reavel
(
TMSA
)
;
1, l same data but:
ii.1974
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
Okavango
,
Thama River area
,
ii.1974
, leg.
V. E. Reavel
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
Botswana
(B7),
Kuke Pan
[
20.59S
22.25E
],
14.iv.1972
, at light (
BMNH
)
;
5x,
Botswana
(B1), 42 mls W
Kalkfontein
[Tshootsha] [
22.13S
20.15E
], 11±
12.iv.1972
,
Southern African Exp. B.M.
1972-1/at light (
BMNH
)
;
1x,
Botswana
(B4),
Ghanzi
[
21.34S
21.47E
], 13±
14.iv.1972
,
Southern African Exp. B.M.
1972-1. (
BMNH
)
;
5x,
Sitatunga
,
Crocodile
fm.,
10 km
S Maun
,
20.02S
23.22E
, 10/
12.i.1986
,
Holm
,
Marais
,
Nel Saieva
(
UPSA
)
;
1, l
Molepolole
,
Kweneng Distr.
, SE 24 25
Bc
, 21±
23.iv.1982
,
S.Louw
(
BMSA
,
No.
7430)
;
2x,
Botswana
,
Dinokwe
[SE 23 26 Bc],
12.xii.1979
,
A. Joubert
(
AJCS
)
;
1m
,
20 km
N Maun
, SE 19 23
Dc
,
16.i.1978
,
Holm
,
Jakobs
,
Kirsten
,
Scholtz
(
UPSA
)
;
1, l
1m
,
5 km
N Nata
, on river,
20.08S
26.11E
, 7/
10.i.1986
,
Holm
,
Marais
,
Nel
,
Saieva
(
UPSA
)
.
Namibia
:
1m
,
Kaudom Game Reserve
,
18.37S
20.37E
,
17.i.1991
, E.
Marais
(
SMWN
)
;
2mm
,
Kaudom Game Reserve
, at
18.30S
20.44E
,
11.i.1991
, E.
Marais
(
SMWN
)
;
1m
, 1x,
Mangetti Forest
[not traced], betw.
Tsumkwe
±
Chassie Kungveld
,
iii.1958
,
C.Koch
(
TMSA
)
;
2x,
Narugas
[
28.09S
20.09E
],
i.1919
,
R. Lightfoot
(
SAMC
)
;
1x,
Rietfontein
[ambiguous],
ii.1897
,
Borchmann S.
(
ZMHB
)
;
1x,
Damara
(
BMNH
)
;
1m
,
60 km
E Windhoek
,
Fris
[c]hgewaagd [
22.34S
17.53E
],
Scherz
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
Windkhoek distr.
,
Valencia Ranch
42 [
23.10S
16.30E
], 14 ±
24.iv.1974
,
A.Strydom
(
TMSA
)
;
2x,
D.S.W. Afrika
(
ZMHB
)
;
1x,
Windhoek
[
22.34S
17.06E
],
S.Techow
(
ZMHB
)
;
1x,
Damaraland
,
Neuhof-Kowas
[
23.01S
18.02],
ii.1952
, A.
Viereck
(
TMSA
)
;
2 ll, 31x,
Mariental District
,
Viljoenskroon
507,
25.10S
29.58E
, 24±
25.xii.1995
,
E. Marais
(
SMWN
)
;
4x,
Elmot
996, SE 23 18
Db
,
10.ii.1984
,
V. B. Whitehead
(
SAMC
)
;
1x,
45 km
S of Aroab
[
27.08S
19.30E
],
10.iv.1980
, V. B.
Whitehead
(
SAMC
)
;
1x,
Witvlei
[ambiguous] (
30 km
W),
23.xii.1975
,
H. H. Aschenborn
, ex
Coll.
CSIRO (
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Duineveld
[
24.36S
18.54E
],
Elephants River
Kalahari, 21±
24.xi.1957
,
Transvaal Mus. Exped.
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
Duineveld
, near
Stampriet
[
24.36S
18.54E
],
xi.1953
,
E.Patzelt
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
Rietfontein
[ambiguous], iii±
iv.1897
,
S.Borchmann
(
ZMHB
)
;
2x,
S.W. Afrika
,
Exc.
S.
Trotha
(
ZMHB
)
;
1x,
D.S.W. Afrika
, S.G.
Dinter
(
ZMHB
)
.
South Africa
:
1m
,
Cape-Karroo
,
Olifantsvlei Farm
,
30.07S
21.32E
, 4±
6.v.1985
, E-Y: 2218, veget. dune/pan, day, leg.
Penrith
,
McPhsn
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
Cape Prov.
,
7 km
N Olifantshoek
[
27.48S
22.46E
],
28.i.1989
,
W. D. Miller
,
Kalahari
thornveld/shrub bushveld (
HAHC
)
;
1x,
Northern Cape
,
Black Rock
[
27.07S
22.50E
],
10.ii.1997
,
C. R. Owen
(
COCS
)
;
1x, same data but:
19.iv.1997
(
COCS
)
;
1x,
Upington
[
28.28S
21.14E
],
i.1949
,
Fath. R. Sollier
(
SAMC
)
;
3x,
Upington
,
13.iii.1950
,
H.-J. Bredo
(
ISNB
)
;
4x,
Kalahari Park
,
Mata-Mata
,
25.45S
20.00E
,
18.xii.1974
, E-Y: 512, on light, leg.
EndroÈdy-Younga
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
S.W.A.
[incorrect],
Mata
[Mata Mata,
25.49S
20.01E
],
ii.1923
,
Mus. Exp.
(
SAMC
)
;
2mm
,
Vaalwater
[
24.18S
28.05E
],
ii.1980
,
M. Edwardes
(
UPSA
)
;
1m
,
Vaalwater
,
1.iii.1980
,
A.P.du Toit
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Nylsvlei
,
Naboomspruit, SE
24 28
Da
,
1100m
,
Savanna Ecosystem Research Project, C.S.I.R.
(
TMSA
)
;
1x,
Mosdine
,
Naboomspruit
[
ca
SE 24 28 Da],
4.iii.1978
,
A. Harrington
(
TMSA
)
;
1, l3x,
Skukuza
[
24.59S
31.36E
],
xi.1967
(
SICS
)
;
1, l same data (
HAHC
)
;
1, l2371/
Kalahari Gemsbok Nat.
P., N.CP.,
Mata Mata
[
25.49S
20.01E
],
24.i.1976
,
Culligan
& v.d.
Vegte
(
UPSA
)
;
2x,
Sentrum
,
24.18S
27.20E
,
12.iii.1989
,
E. Swanepoel
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Pietersburg
[
23.53S
29.24E
],
xii.1961
, M.
F.I.
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Kalahari Gemsbok Park
,
Nossob
,
25.22S
20.37E
,
9.i.1992
,
C.H.Scholtz
(
UPSA
)
;
2 ll,
2mm
, 17x,
Kalahari Gemsbok Park
,
Twee Rivieren
,
26.28S
20.38E
,
5.i.1992
,
C. H. Scholtz
(
UPSA
)
;
2x, N.
Cape
,
Twee Rivieren
,
Kalahari Gemsbok Park
N.P.,
26.28S
20.37E
,
23.xii.1988
,
C. H. Scholtz
(
UPSA
)
;
1x, same data but:
Twee Rivieren Camp
,
17.i.1994
(
UPSA
)
;
2x,
Twee Rivieren
, 17±
20.ii.1957
,
Kalahari Gemsbok Park Expedition
(
TMSA
)
;
2x,
Twee Rivieren
, 12±
15.iv.1989
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Twee Rivieren
,
29.xii.1988
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Twee Rivieren
,
29.i.1988
(
UPSA
)
;
1, l
Gemsbok N.P.
,
Twee Rivieren
,
9.iv.1995
,
J. Browne
, black light (
UPSA
)
;
3x,
Kalahari Gemsbok Park
,
Rooiputs
,
26.20S
20.49E
,
6.i.1992
,
C. H. Scholtz
(
UPSA
)
;
17x,
Cape Province
,
Groblershoop
,
28.53S
21.59E
,
895 m
,
iv.1985
,
C. G. E. Moolman
(
SANC
)
;
11x, same data but: 1±
7.iv.1980
, C. G.
Moolman
(
SANC
)
;
4x, same data but:
iv.1988
, C. G. E.
Moolman
(
SANC
)
;
4x, same data but:
19.iv.1984
, C.
Moolman
(
SANC
)
;
1x, same data but:
iv.1987
, C. G. E.
Moolman
(
SANC
)
;
1x, CP,
Olifantshoek
,
27.56S
22.44E
,
14.iv.1988
, C. D.
Eardley
(
SANC
)
;
4x, TVL.,
Langjan Nature Res.
,
22.52S
29.14E
, 10±
20.i.1980
,
C.Kok
,
light trap
(
SANC
)
;
1x, TVL.,
Nylsvley Nature Reserve
,
24.39S
28.42E
,
18.ii.1980
, E.
Grei
(
SANC
)
;
1x, same data but: 1982,
E. Grei
,
light trap
(
SANC
)
;
1x,
Pretoria
, UV-Lichtfalle,
Farm Roodeplaat
[
ca
25.30S
28.23E
],
ii.1961
, leg.
F. Neubecker
(
HNHM
)
;
1m
,
Radium
, 25.5 [0]S
28.17E
,
11.iii.1989
, P.
Snyman
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Waverley
,
20.iv.1989
,
P. Snyman
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Transvaal
,
Stockpoort
,
23.25S
27.22E
,
11.i.1978
,
Holm
,
Jakobs
,
Kirsten
,
Scholtz
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Port St. Johns
[
31.38S
29.33E
],
xii.1947
, R.J. [illegible] (
AMMS
)
; 1, l C592 [no locality label] (SICS);
1x,
Nyandu
sandveld [not traced],
K.N.P.
[Kruger National Park],
11.xii.1968
(
SICS
)
;
1x,
Basut.
lnd.,
Pitseeng
[not traced],
i.1935
(
TMSA
)
.
Zimbabwe
:
1x,
Wankie
N.P [
ca
18.20S
26.25E
],
15.ii.1972
,
Bornemissza
&
Kirk
(
UPSA
)
;
1x,
Victoria Falls
[
17.55S
25.49E
],
i.1955
, D. V.
Rorke
(
HAHC
)
;
1x,
Zambeze
,
Coll.
v.d.
Poll
(
MNHN
)
.
Comments
.
PeÂringuey (1901)
described
Bolboceras damarinum
from a single specimen that is therefore the
holotype
.
PeÂringuey (1901)
described
Bolboceras fortuitum
from more than
one specimen
and mentioned`Lydenburg, Transvaal’ as type locality. Two specimens were found in SAMC, one that bears a type label hand-written by PeÂringuey and another one marked as
allotype
by Andreae, curator ex SAMC. Presumably the latter specimen is part of the type series and lecto- and
paralectotype
are here designated. Both specimens no longer bear any locality labels.
The development of the pronotal protrusions varies greatly between major and minor males of
Meridiobolbus quinquedens
(Kolbe)
and females can therefore only be separated from major males. The position of the trituberculate carina on the frons and the apically strongly broadening metatibia readily distinguish
Meridiobolbus quinquedens
from
Meridiobolbus natalensis
spec. nov.
(treated below).