A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands
Author
Hong-Wa, Cynthia
Missouri Botanical Garden P. O. Box 299 St. Louis MO 63166 - 0299 U. S. A & Claude E. Phillips Herbarium Delaware State University 1200 N. DuPont Hwy, Dover DE 19901 - 2277 U. S. A.
chwa@desu.edu
text
Boissiera
2016
2016-10-21
70
1
292
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.7599432
f2ceb54b-e71d-4433-9e67-b75b62f8a902
978-2-8277-0086-8
0373-2975
7599432
6.
Noronhia boivinii
Dubard
in
Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 13: 550. 1907
.
Typus
:M ADAGASCAR: [Cultivé au] Jardin botanique de Bourbon, s.d.,
Boivin s.n.
(holo-: P [P00413215]!; iso-: P [P00413216]!).
Description
Shrubs
to trees to
11 m
tall, trunk to
8 cm
diameter; young twigs cylindrical,
0.7-1.7 mm
diameter, glabrous; bark medium to light gray or whitish, smooth.
Leaves
oppo-site, persistent; bud scales persistent; blades dark green above, lighter below, oblong to elliptic, 4.5-13
3
1.6-4 cm
, coriaceous, glabrous, domatia absent, base acute to atten-uate, margin flat to slightly revolute, apex cuspidate to mucronate, the cusp or mucro (0-)
2-17 mm
long, midrib sunken above, raised below, secondary veins conspicuous, 6-12 per side,
6-16 mm
apart, looping
1.2-4 mm
from the margin; petiole grayish to whitish, 3-10
3
1-2.8 mm
, entirely woody, glabrous.
Flowers
fasciculate; pedicel
2-22 mm
long, glabrescent to glabrous; calyx sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes broadly triangular, 0.9-2
3
1-2.5 mm
; corolla pink to reddish, sometimes whit-ish, urceolate to slightly campanulate,
3.5-9 mm
long, glabrous on both sides, the tube
1.5-7 mm
long, lobes deltate, apex obtuse; corona present,
1-2 mm
long, undivided; stamens
1.3-2.5 mm
long, anthers elliptic, apex rounded,
1-1.7 mm
long; pistil
1.5- 2.7 mm
long, stigma capitate.
Fruiting pedicel
2-12
3
0.8-2 mm
; young fruits green, dark brown when mature, ovoid, 11.5-34
3
8-23.5 mm
, surface smooth, apex flat to apiculate; dry pericarp
0.7-1.1 mm
thick; endocarp woody; seed 11.5-14
3
4-7 mm
.
Distribution, ecology and phenology
Noronhia boivinii
occurs in littoral to mid-elevation humid forests in the east, from Masoala to south of Fort-Dauphin (Taolagnaro) and towards Andohahela (
Fig. 3
). It produces flowers and fruits throughout the year except in June and July.
Conservation status
The assessment was based on 23 collections representing 21 localities and resulted in an EOO of
54,801 km
2
, an AOO of
84 km
2
, and 16 subpopulations representing 12 loca-tions, of which eight occur within protected areas (Andohahela, Betampona, Mandena, Manombo, Masoala, Nosy Mangabe, Petriky, and Ste Luce). The AOO is likely larger than estimated here; however,
N. boivinii
is mainly found on the littoral forests of eastern
Mad-agascar
, which now consist only of isolated patches that are affected by ongoing habitat degradation and destruction, resulting mainly from slash-and-burn agriculture and min-ing.
Noronhia boivinii
is assigned a preliminary status of “Near Threatened” [NT].
Notes
Noronhia boivinii
can be recognized by its oblong to elliptic leaf blades terminated by a short cusp or mucro and its fasciculate, pink to red flowers. It differs from
N. ovalifolia
H. Perrier
by its oblong to elliptic (vs. ovate), cuspidate to mucronate (vs. acuminate) leaf blades, and fasciculate (vs. solitary) and urceolate (vs. cupuliform) flowers.
52
Boissiera 70
Additional specimens examined
MADAGASCAR
.
Prov.
Fianarantsoa
:
Manombo
RS,
23°00’S
47°42’E
,
5.III.2009
,
Hong-Wa 614
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
.
Prov.
Toamasina
:
Nosy Mangabe
,
15°29’49”S
49°45’20”E
,
0-320 m
,
8.XII.1998
,
Abdul-Salim
et al. 44
(
MO
)
;
Maroantsetra
,
Anjahana
,
Ambani-zana
,
15°37’16”S
49°58’56”E
,
200 m
,
15.IX.2002
,
Antilahimena
et al. 1392
(
G
,
MO
,
P
)
;
Masoala PN
,
15°38’S
49°58’E
,
0-520 m
,
8.XI.1999
,
Aridy
et al. 316
(
G
,
MO
)
;
Fénérive-Est
,
Tampolo
STF,
17°17’10”S
49°25’16”E
,
5 m
,
15.IV.1995
,
Gereau
5720
(
MO
,
TAN
)
;
Mahatsara
STF,
17°38’18”S
49°29’07”E
,
5-10 m
,
24.IX.2002
,
Hong-Wa et al. 83
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
,
TEF
)
;
Ambila-Lemaitso
,
18°54’S
49°07’E
,
10 m
,
17.
I
.1999
,
Lowry
5129
(
MO
,
P
)
;
Forêt d’Analamazaotra
, [
18°55’48”S
48°25’48”E
],
800 m
,
Perrier de la Bâthie
5133
(
P
)
;
Brickaville
,
Ambinaninony
, forêt de
Vohibola
,
18°35’33”S
49°14’05”E
,
4 m
,
13.
II
.2003
,
Rabenantoandro
et al. 1267
(
G
,
MO
,
P
)
;
Ambodiriana
, [
17°56’S
49°15’E
],
250-500 m
,
23.VIII.1957
,
Service Forestier
18123
(
MO
,
P
,
TEF
)
;
Masoala PN
,
15°38’12”S
49°58’20”E
,
19.XI.1993
,
van
Nek
2121
(
MO
,
TAN
,
WAG
)
.
Prov.
Toli-ara
:
Forêt de Mandena
,
24°57’S
47°00’E
,
10 m
,
17.III.1985
,
Dorr
4012
(
G
,
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
ibid. loc.
,
24°57’S
47°00’E
,
0-10 m
,
19.IV.1989
,
Gereau
et al. 3394
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
Manantenina
, on road to
Manafiafy
,
24°46’S
47°08’E
,
0-10 m
,
24.IV.1989
,
Gereau
et al. 3421
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
)
;
Fort-Dauphin
,
Petriky
,
25°04’S
46°51’E
,
0-10 m
,
10.IV.1989
,
Rabevohitra
et al. 1819
(
MO
,
P
,
TAN
,
TEF
)
;
Andohahela
PN,
Eminiminy
,
24°40’30”S
46°48’30”E
,
17.IX-30.X.1991
,
Randriamanantena
&
Durbin
137
(
K
,
MO
)
;
Manambaro
,
Ambovo
, forêt de
Petriky
,
25°03’57”S
46°51’18”E
,
10 m
,
11.
II
.2004
,
Randriatafika
et al. 379
(
MO
,
P
,
TEF
)
;
Iaboko
,
Antsotso
, forêt
d’Ivohibe
,
24°33’52”S
47°14’25”E
,
112 m
,
26.XI.2005
,
Razakamalala
et al. 2378
(
G
,
MO
,
P
,
TAN
).