What is Teramocerus Schoenherr, 1840? A new definition from revision and phylogeny of the group (Insecta, Coleoptera, Brentidae) Author Mantilleri, Antoine text Zoosystema 2015 2015-06-30 37 2 285 322 http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2015n2a1 journal article 10.5252/z2015n2a1 1638-9387 5155587 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:153F755B-D1DD-4B27-9AC8-B7ECA6F09746 Teramocerus pulchriformis n. sp. ( Figs 6E ; 14C ) HOLOTYPE . — ♂ , “Colombien; ex musaeo Desbrochers 1913; prép. micro. n°AM00255; Teramocerus pulchriformis n. sp. , A. Mantilleri det. 2014; holotype ; MNHN-EC-EC4483” ( MNHN ). Fig. 6E. PARATYPES . — 1 ♂ , Amaz., H. W . Bates, Muséum Paris 1952 coll. R. Oberthür , prép. micro. n°AM00251, MNHN-EC-EC4484”; 1 ♂ , Colombia , coll. Armitage , Muséum Paris 1952 coll. R. Oberthür , prép. micro. n°AM00331, MNHN-EC-EC4485” ; 1 ♂ , ex musaeo Desbrochers 1913, Muséum Paris 1952 coll. R. Oberthür , prép . TABLE 1.— Forty characters of the adults used in the phylogenetic analysis. The different states of characters are indicated in brackets as coded in the matrix. For Teramocerus zellibori ( Soares & Dias, 1971 ) n. comb. , as I was able to examine only the male holotype whose head and prothorax is missing, I completed the data matrix using the description provided by Soares & Dias (1971) . 1. Body at least partly metallic (1) or body not metallic (0). 2. Temples of males longer than eyes (1) or shorter than eyes (0). 3. Together, meso-and metarostrum of male longer than 1.5 × the length of prorostrum (1) or shorter than 1.5 × the length of prorostrum (0). 4. Median longitudinal part of metarostrum slightly elevated, forming a low carina (1) or this part of metarostrum without low longitudinal carina (0). 5. Sides of males’ metarostrum with well distinct sensorial pores (1) or sensorial pores hardly distinct or missing (0). 6. Interocular fovea well distinct (1) or weak or missing (0). 7. Venter of rostrum with long hairs (1) or with shorter hairs (0). 8. Venter of rostrum with sensorial pores reaching base of prorostrum (1) or sensorial pores not reaching the base of prorostrum (0). 9. Venter of metarostrum with a median longitudinal carina (1) or without median longitudinal carina (0). 10. Antennomeres 9-11 much longer than broad (1) or hardly longer than broad (0). 11. Scutellum with a deep fovea (1) or without deep fovea (0). 12. Scutellum inserted between elytra at its apex (1) or not inserted between elytra (0). 13. Elytra with hole or deep depression at base at insertion on mesonotum (1) or elytra without hole or depression (0). 14. Striae 1-2 well distinct (1) or only stria 1 well distinct (0). 15. Apex of males’ elytra with a rimmed and more or less flattened tooth (2), with a non-rimmed and cylindrical tooth (1) or apex of elytra without tooth (0). 16. Elytral tooth of female rounded at apex (2), pointed or angulous (1), or no elytral tooth (0). 17. Legs dark (1) or legs brownish-reddish (0). 18. Metacoxae of males quite hairy (1) or with only 1 or 2 setae or glabrous (0). 19. Femora of males pedunculate (1) or not pedunculate (0). 20. Metafemora foliate at base (1) or not foliate at base (0). 21. First tarsal segment longer than broad (1) or not longer than broad (0). 22. First metatarsal segment of male longer or as long as 2-3 together (1) or shorter (0). 23. Tarsomeres 2-3 impressed on upper side (1) or not impressed on upper side (0). 24. Underside of mesotarsi 5 hairy (1) or at most with few long setae (0). 25. First metatarsal segment obviously carinate on upper part (1) or not carinate (0). 26. Sternites III-IV of male with deep and narrow depression (2), with large and shallow depression (1) or not depressed (0). 27. Sternites III-IV of male pubescent (1) or almost glabrous (0). 28. Abdomen of male with two paramedian projections at apex of sternite III (1) or without paramedian projections (0). 29. Sternites V-VI smooth (0) or punctate (1). 30. Sternite VII almost completely smooth (0) or with well-marked punctures (1). 31. Membranous tergites of abdomen dark (1) or not dark (0). 32. Tegmen with parameroid lobes well developed (1) or reduced (0). 33. Penis strongly pointed at apex (2), moderately pointed at apex (1) or rounded at apex (0). 34. Temones short (1) or quite long (0). 35. Internal sac with a single large pointed sclerite (1) or sclerite differently shaped (0). 36. Base of single sclerite with a hole where ejaculatory duct is branched (3), enlarged but without hole (2), not enlarged and without hole (1) or no single sclerite (0). 37. Sclerite of internal sac thin, hook-shaped (1), hook-shaped but truncate at the apex (2) or differently shaped (0). 38. Anterior part of internal sac with numerous quite large spicules arranged in a tight group (2), with a small group of quite large spicules (1), or without large spicules (0). 39. Frena well developed (1) or reduced (0). 40. Females with sclerotized vagina (1) or vagina completely membranous (0). micro. n°AM00249, MNHN-EC-EC4486; 1 ♂ , Amaz. inf., Muséum Paris 1952 coll. R. Oberthür , prép. micro. n°AM00333, MNHN-EC-EC4487 ; 1 ♂ , Amazones , Obydos [ 1°53’S , 55°31’W ], M. de Mathan (2 e trimestre 1878), G. Power vidit, Muséum Paris 1952 coll. R. Oberthür , prép. micro. n°AM00254, MNHN-EC- EC4488 ; 1 ♂ , Amazones , Tarapote [ 6°29’S , 76°21’W ], M. de Mathan (4 e trimestre 1885), Muséum Paris 1952 coll. R. Oberthür , prép. micro. n°AM00334, MNHN-EC-EC4489 . TYPE LOCALITY. — Colombia . DISTRIBUTION. — Brazil , Colombia , Peru (Amazonian Basin). The specimen from Colombia is not mapped on Fig. 16C as the data is too vague. ETYMOLOGY. — This species is named after its very close similarity with Teramocerus pulcher n. comb. , making the two species impossible to discriminate without examination of male genitalia. DIAGNOSIS (MALES). — Elytra and pronotum metallic green; antennomeres much longer than broad; setae on venter of rostrum not reaching prorostrum; apical tooth of elytra rimmed, more or less dorso-ventrally flattened; legs brownish-reddish; first metatarsal segment not carinate on upper side; proximal sclerite of internal sac forming hook with sharp apex. DESCRIPTION Males Measurements. Length of head (rostrum included): 4.5- 10.4 mm ; length of body (from front margin of pronotum to apex of elytra): 8.3-15.5 mm ; width across humeral calli: 1.3-2.3 mm . Elytra, pronotum and head metallic green; rostrum, antennae, legs and elytral sutura reddish. Habitus: Fig. 6E . Head. Prorostrum much shorter than metarostrum and mesorostrum together. Mesorostrum elevated, longitudinally grooved. Metarostrum not grooved, with weak median carina, weakly carinate on sides. Eyes quite large but shorter than or TABLE 2. — Matrix used for data processing. Nemocephalus monilis (Fabricius, 1787) 0010111101000001001010000000110010000110 Teramocerus amazonicus n. sp. 111000000110011101101010020000011113001? Proteramocerus appendiculatus Soares & Scivittaro, 1972 111111110110012?01101111111000011113101? Proteramocerus badius (Boheman, 1840) 0110000001100112001010100010000111121010 Teramocerus belti Sharp, 1895 1111011101000121001011101001010001000000 Teramocerus brulei n. sp. 1010001101100111011010100100000111130010 Teramocerus curtirostris n. sp. 1000001001100111111010100200000111130011 Teramocerus eletus Kleine, 1927 101101110110012?01101011110000011112121? Acratus exquisitus Kleine, 1927 0110100001010111000010100000000110000000 Proteramocerus filum ( Sharp, 1895 ) 111001000101112?10101110000001000000000? Proteramocerus forficula Soares & Scivittaro, 1972 1011101101100111011010100210000111130211 Neacratus glabratus ( Lund, 1800 ) 0110110010000100100100100110011100000000 Teramocerus gracilis Boheman, 1833 01110111011001211010111000010010010?0000 Teramocerus janthinus Boheman, 1840 1111001001100112001010100000000111121010 Teramocerus mamillatus Meyer, 1959 1111011101100121101011100001000021000000 Proteramocerus opacus ( Perty, 1832 ) 0111000001100112101010100000000111121010 Acratus plumirostris (Boheman, 1840) 0110001101010100000110100000000100000000 Teramocerus pulchellus Perroud, 1853 1111010101100121111010100110000121122110 Proteramocerus pulcher Soares & Dias, 1971 111111000110012?01101010011000012112211? Teramocerus pulchriformis n. sp. 111111010110012?01101010020000012112111? Teramocerus punctirostris Schoenherr, 1840 0111101101000100001011100010110000000000 Teramocerus trichosternon n. sp. 100010000110011?01101010011000011113001? Acratus suturalis ( Lund, 1800 ) 1111000001100121001010100100000111111010 Acratus tarsatus (Gyllenhal, 1833) 0110100001011100101000100000000100000010 Proteramocerus zellibori Soares & Dias, 1971 1?1?1?11?110012?01101110100000011112101? as long as temples. Head smooth, tapering backwards, with inter-ocular fovea; collar constriction well marked. Sides and venter of head with few pores. Sides of metarostrum with few pores, venter with two longitudinal rows of small sensorial pores weakly pubescent, sometimes reaching base of prorostrum, without median carina or grooves. Venter of prorostrum smooth. Antennae. Antennae with segments 2-8 longer than broad, subconical, with long setae; 9 less than 1.5 × longer than 8. Thorax. Pronotum more than 2 × longer than broad, not punctate. Elytra weakly depressed at base of interstria 5. Apex of each elytron as one large dorso-ventrally flattened and rimmed tooth formed mainly by interstriae 9 and 11. Prosternum with few large punctures in front of bulging procoxae, area in front of procoxae depressed. Mesothorax with few punctures on sides; mesanepisternum punctate; mesepimeron with deep confluent punctures. Metanepisternum with row of punctures. Legs with mesocoxae, metacoxae and trochanters setose; femora strongly pedunculate, not depressed laterally (except profemora), glabrous except metafemora with few hairs below at base. Tibiae quite long, hairy on inner side; apex of metatibiae with acute calcar on inner side. First tarsal segment shorter than 2-3 together; segment 2 longer than broad. Abdomen. Abdomen with sternites III-IV glabrous, smooth, with quite deep and narrow longitudinal median depression. Tegmen with parameroid lobes rounded at apex, with few setae ( Fig. 14C ). Internal sac with one proximal hook-like sclerite acute and not truncate at apex, and most rearward with few spicules ( Fig. 14C ). Females I am not able to attribute with certainty any of the female Teramocerus examined to this taxon. SPECIES INCERTAE SEDIS Two additional species may be part of Teramocerus : Proteramocerus micans Kleine, 1921 and P. nitidus Kleine, 1921 . The type series of these two taxa were already on loan to another person and it was impossible, despite several requests, to have any information or even pictures of these specimens. Both descriptions by Kleine (1921) do not allow knowing the identity of these taxa. Nothing contradicts that they belong to Teramocerus , but also nothing proves it as there is no information about the shape of the scutellum, the base of elytra and the genitalia in the original descriptions. Kleine (1927c) reports P. micans from Costa Rica ; as T. suturalis n. comb. is the sole species of the genus Teramocerus known from this country, it is possible that P. micans is its synonym. P. nitidus seems to be quite close to P. micans . Soares & Dias (1971) cite these two species but their descriptions are only translations of Kleine’s text and give no additional information. In the collections of the MNHN, two specimens have an identification label as P. nitidus , written by R. Kleine: one is a female of T. janthinus , the other one is a male of Teramocerus mamillatus Meyer, 1959 … As usual with R. Kleine, identifications in the collections are very fanciful and completely unreliable, even for taxa described by himself. No further information about the identity of P. nitidus can be drawn from these two specimens . Taxa listed in the part material and methods (except for the two species above), and for which the types were not found, very probably do not belong to Teramocerus considering the descriptions and drawings available ( Kleine 1926 ; Soares 1970 ; Soares & Scivittaro 1979).