What is Teramocerus Schoenherr, 1840? A new definition from revision and phylogeny of the group (Insecta, Coleoptera, Brentidae) Author Mantilleri, Antoine text Zoosystema 2015 2015-06-30 37 2 285 322 http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2015n2a1 journal article 10.5252/z2015n2a1 1638-9387 5155587 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:153F755B-D1DD-4B27-9AC8-B7ECA6F09746 Teramocerus eletus Kleine, 1927 ( Figs 5 B-D; 10A-H; 13B-D) Teramocerus eletus Kleine, 1927a: 446 ; 1927b: 508 . — Blackweld- er 1947: 774. — Sforzi & Bartolozzi 2004: 589 . Proteramocerus aeneus Soares & Dias, 1971: 47 , n. syn. — Sforzi & Bartolozzi 2004: 582 . Proteramocerus oliveirai Soares & Dias, 1971: 65 , n. syn. — Sforzi & Bartolozzi 2004: 586 . TYPE MATERIAL. — Teramocerus eletus : ♂ holotype ( Fig. 5B ), Santarem [ 2°37’S , 54°42’W ]; prép. micro. n°AM-NHM00005” ( NHM ); Proteramocerus oliveirai : ♂ holotype ( Fig. 5D ), “ Estirao do Equador [ 4°32’S , 71°37’W ], R. Javari , Amazonas , Brasil , Outubro 1958, F. W. Oliveira ; prép. micro. n°AM-MNRJ00010” ( MNRJ ); 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ paratypes , same data ( MNRJ ) ; 1 ♀ paratype , “ Manaus [ 3°04’S , 60°00’W ], 1958” ( MNRJ ) ; 2 ♂ and 1 ♀ paratypes , “ Rio Javari , B. Constant , XI.1962 ” ( MZSP ) ; Proteramocerus aeneus : ♂ holotype ( Fig. 5C ), “ Brasil , Traira , Municipio de Obidos [ 1°53’S , 55°31’W ], Estado do Pará , Dirings ; prép. micro. n°AM-MZSP00005” ( MZSP ) ; 1 ♂ paratype , same data ( MZSP ) . MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Brazil . ♂ holotype T. eletus . — ♂ holotype P. oliveirai . — ♂ holotype P. aeneus ; 1 ♂ , Amaz., H. W. Bates; prép. micro. n°AM00280” ( MNHN ); 1 ♂ , Brésil , Prov. Matto Grosso , P. Germain 1886, prép. micro. n°AM00236 ( MNHN ) . DISTRIBUTION. — Brazil (Amazonian Basin). See map ( Fig. 16A ). DESCRIPTION Males Measurements. Length of head (rostrum included): 9.5- 13.2 mm ; length of body (from front margin of pronotum to apex of elytra): 17.2-18.2 mm ; width across humeral calli: 2.1-2.6 mm . Dark brown to blackish, head but above all pronotum and elytra with bright green to greenish blue metallic glints. Habitus: Fig. 5 B-D. Head. Prorostrum much shorter than metarostrum and mesorostrum together.Mesorostrum grooved, without lateral grooves. Metarostrum carinate on sides, without median groove but with longitudinal carina entire length.Eyes quite large, as long as temples. Head longer than broad, foveate between eyes, with weak wrinkles (sometimes missing) behind eyes. Sides of head with few sensorial pores ( Fig. 10A ). Sides of metarostrum with very sparse pores. Venter of head with two lines of pores converging forward on metarostrum. Metarostrum, mesorostrum and base of prorostrum with numerous small sensorial pores, arranged somewhat in confuse way,with quite long setae, without smooth median area ( Fig. 10B ). Venter of prorostrum not carinate. Antennae. Antennal segments ( Fig. 10C ) much longer than broad; segments 1-8 broader at apex than at base, with few quite long setae; antennomeres 3-8 of same length, 2nd slightly shorter; segments 9-11 with numerous short setae, long setae almost completely missing; segments 9-10 slightly longer than 8; 11 more than 1.5 × longer than 10. Thorax. Pronotum elongate. Elytra not depressed at base of interstria 5; stria 1 well distinct from base to apex; stria 2 less deep, not reaching exactly the base of elytra and forming one row of punctures at apex; stria 9 well distinct behind, very large and punctate at apex, weakly distinct and in form of punctures at base. Apex of each elytron ( Fig. 10D ) ending in one large tooth formed by interstriae 1, 9 and 11, interstria 3 not connected to 9. Prosternum not depressed in front of bulging procoxae, with few large punctures in front of them. Mesothorax punctate on sides and in front of mesocoxae. Mesanepisternum with coarse punctations; mesepimeron with line of coarse and very tight, confluent punctations. Metanepisternum with longitudinal line of punctations. Metacoxae with few setae; trochanters bearing one or two raised yellowish setae; femora very long, metafemora with stiff reddish setae on lower side; tibiae without special character, apex of metatibiae with one calcar on inner side, but not very acute; tarsal segment 1 shorter than 2-3 together; segment 2 longer than broad; segment 5 of mesotarsi hairy on lower side ( Fig. 10E ); metatarsi 1 and 2 ( Fig. 10 F-G) longitudinally carinate. Abdomen. Abdomen ( Fig. 10H ) elongate, glabrous, smooth, with large median groove on sternites III-IV; sternite VII slightly setose.Tegmen with parameroid lobes elongate, slightly truncate at apex, with long and numerous apical setae ( Fig. 13B ). Internal sac with two types of sclerites: proximally, one large hook-like sclerite with swollen base; more rearward, cluster of small aligned spicules more or less arranged in “ball”, wall of internal sac covered with micro-spicules arranged without apparent order ( Fig. 13B ). Females Female unknown to me. REMARKS Dissections of the male genitalia of the types of Proteramocerus aeneus and P. oliveirai revealed the typical cluster of spicules, character shared with Teramocerus eletus . Moreover, externally, the shape of the apical tooth of elytra and the mesotarsi 5 hairy on lower side confirms the conspecificity of these three taxa. Then I propose the following new synonymies: Proteramocerus aeneus Soares & Dias, 1971 , n. syn. for Teramocerus eletus Kleine, 1927 , and P. oliveirai Soares & Dias, 1971 , n. syn. for Teramocerus eletus Kleine, 1927 . Teramocerus zellibori ( Soares & Dias, 1971 ) n. comb. ( Figs 5E ; 10 I-K; 13E) Proteramocerus zellibori Soares & Dias, 1971: 71 . — Sforzi & Bartolozzi 2004: 71 . TYPE MATERIAL. — ♂ holotype ( Fig. 5E ), “ Rio Parauary [ 3°51’S , 57°32’W ], Amaz., 15.3.37, coll. Zellibor-Hauff ; prép. micro. n°AM- MNRJ00011” ( MNRJ ) ; 27 ♂ and 10 ♀ paratypes , “ Manaus [ 3°04’S , 60°00’W ], XII.1959 , C. Elias ” ( MNRJ ) ; 1 ♂ paratype , “ Pinhal , XII.1951 , A. Maller ” ( MNRJ ) . MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Brazil . ♂ holotype ( MNRJ ). DISTRIBUTION. — Brazil (Amazonian Basin). See map ( Fig. 16A ). I was not able to examine any of the paratypes . The occurrence of T. zellibori n. comb. in Manaus is highly probable, but the male from Santa Catarina , Pinhal [ 26°37’S , 49°24’W ] is very doubtful, considering the locality data. DESCRIPTION Males The holotype , only specimen known to me, is in poor condition: head and prosternum are completely missing. I give below the description of the remaining part of the body. Measurements. Length of elytra: 11.2 mm ; width across humeral calli: 2.1 mm . Elytra golden green, sutural interstria and legs reddish ( Fig. 5E ). Thorax. Elytra hardly depressed at base of interstria 5. Apex of each elytron ending in one large dorso-ventrally flattened and rimmed tooth, formed by interstriae 9 and 11, interstria 3 not connected to 9. Mesothorax punctate on sides; mesanepisternum and mesepimeron with large punctures. Metanepisternum with row of small and shallow punctures hardly distinct. Legs with mesocoxae, metacoxae and trochanters bearing few setae; femora strongly pedunculate, not depressed laterally, glabrous except metafemora with few hairs below at base.Tibiae quite long, hairy on inner side; apex of metatibiae with one short calcar on inner side. First tarsal segment longer than 2-3 together; first metatarsomere strongly elevated, very narrow, carinate ( Fig. 10 I-J); segment 2 as long as broad. Abdomen. Abdomen ( Fig. 10K ) with sternites III-IV glabrous, smooth except punctures in front part of sternite III along metacoxae, without longitudinal median depression; sternite VII with fine setae. Tegmen with parameroid lobes rounded at apex, with few setae ( Fig. 13E ). Internal sac with one proximal hook-like sclerite, swollen at base, walls of the internal sac without small spicules ( Fig. 13E ). Females Female unknown to me. REMARKS Because of the synonymy of Proteramocerus with Teramocerus , and because of the characters of male genitalia, P. zellibori is transferred to Teramocerus , leading to the following new combination: Teramocerus zellibori ( Soares & Dias, 1971 ) n. comb.