Three new species of the subgenus Ashima (Diptera: Drosophildae: Phortica) from southwestern China, with DNA barcoding information
Author
Lin Zhu
Author
Ting Qin
Author
Hongwei Chen
text
Journal of Natural History
2017
51
1
70
82
journal article
36247
10.1080/00222933.2016.1247480
44c67350-9095-4b8e-a48d-252be1fce4e0
0022-2933
400713
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F6FF55B2-B1D8-4B79-B559-68654CAF286C
Key to all species of the subgenus
Ashima
from China (males)
1. Arista not expanded apica ll y; a ll tibiae with 2 dark rings; 5th tarsomere of fore l eg without l ong seta apica ll y.............................................................................................................. 2
–
Arista expanded apica ll y; a ll tibiae without dark rings; 5th tarsomere of fore l eg with 1 l ong seta apica ll y (
Cao et a l. 2011
, fig. 1D). ............................................................ 4
2. Vertica l process of gonopods narrow l y sc l erotized among margin; aedeaga l median rod not furcated dista ll y, with 2 sma ll projections (
An et a l. 2015
, figs 14, 15).. ...................................................................................
qingsongi
An and Chen in
An et a l. 2015
–
Vertica l process of gonopods sc l erotized dorsa ll y (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, figs 3, 4;
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 3); aedeaga l median rod furcated or trifo l iated dista ll y. ... 3
3. Vertica l process of gonopods near l y symmetric dorsa ll y (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, figs 3, 4); aedeaga l median rod bifurcated dista ll y, with 1 bifurcated sc l erite (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, figs 3, 4)................... ..................
afoliolata
Chen and Toda in
Chen et a l. 2005b
–
Vertica l process of gonopods distinct l y asymmetric dorsta ll y (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 3); aedeaga l median rod trifo l iated dista ll y, with 2 sma ll sc l erites (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 3)...................... .....................
xishuangbanna
Cheng and Chen in
Cheng et a l. 2008
4. Sursty l us with prensisetae.............................................................................................................. 5
–
Sursty l us without prensisetae....................................................................................................... 9
5. Hypandrium distinct l y asymmetric; aedeaga l outer membrane l acking spinu l es or processes (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, figs 17, 18).................................................................................... .............................................................................
glabra
Chen and Toda in
Chen et a l. 2005b
–
Hypandrium near l y symmetrica l; aedeaga l outer membrane with spinu l es or processes. .............................................................................................................................................. 6
6. Vertica l process of gonopods near l y unsc l erotized; aedeaga l median rod apica ll y hooked, somewhat l ike anchor (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, fig. 32)................................................. ...........................................................................
tanabei
Chen and Toda in
Chen et a l. 2005b
–
Vertica l process of gonopods near l y entire l y sc l erotized apica ll y; aedeagus l acking sc l erotized median rod, with numerous spinu l es (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, fig. 23)........ 7
7. Arista with 1 (most l y) or 2 (occasiona ll y) dorsa l branches, and severa l spinu l es at tip (
An et a l. 2015
, fig. 7)...............................
montipagana
An and Chen in
An et a l. 2015
–
Arista with 2 dorsa l branches, and 1 or 3 spinu l es at tip................................................ 8
8. Paramere pointed apica ll y in l atera l view (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, fig. 23); arista with 1 media l spinu l e at tip (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, fig. 19)..................................................................... .............................................................................
spinosa
Chen and Gao in
Chen et a l. 2005b
–
Paramere round apica ll y in l atera l view (
Chen et a l. 2005a
, fig. 4C); arista tip with 3 sma ll processes media ll y and l atera ll y (
Chen et a l. 2005a
, fig. 4A)................................... ........................................................................
longipenis
Chen and Gao in
Chen et a l. 2005a
9. Arista tip deep l y bifurcated apica ll y (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 4); aedeaga l median rod broken submedia ll y, aedeaga l median rod broken submedia ll y, and separated into 2 apica ll y pointed sc l erites; aedeaga l outer membrane with spinu l es (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 7).................................................
huiluoi
Cheng and Chen in
Cheng et a l. 2008
–
Arista tip unbifurcated apica ll y; aedeaga l median rod desc l erotized, l acking sc l er- ites; aedeaga l outer membrane without spinu l es............................................................. 10
10. Vertica l process of gonopods comp l ete l y symmetrica l (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, fig. 27).. .....................................................................
symmetria
Chen and Toda in
Chen et a l. 2005b
–
Vertica l process of gonopods
asymmetrica
l. ....................................................................... 11
11. Vertica l process of gonopods near l y triangu l ar.................................................................. 12
–
Vertica l process of gonopods distinct l y separated into 2 sc l erotized processes posterior l y. .......................................................................................................................................... 15
12. Arista with 1 or 2 dorsa l branches basa ll y.......................................................................................... 1 3
–
Arista without distinct l y dorsa l branches.............................................................................. 14
13. Arista micropubescent ventra ll y (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 19); expanded tip 3 times as wide as base (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 19).....................
speculum
(
Máca and Lin 1993
)
–
Arista l acking micropubescence ventra ll y (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 14); expanded tip as wide as base (
Cheng et a l. 2008
, fig. 14)................................................................................ ..................................................................
pavriarista
Cheng and Chen in
Cheng et a l. 2008
14. Gonopods pointed and recurved apicomedia ll y (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, fig. 8)................. ...............................................................
brachychaeta
Chen and Toda in
Chen et a l. 2005b
–
Gonopods rounded apicomedia ll y (Cheng et a l. fig. 11)....................................................... ...................................................................
nudiarista
Cheng and Chen in
Cheng et a l. 2008
15. Arista basa ll y without distinct dorsa l branches.................................................................. 16
–
Arista basa ll y with 1
–
3 distinct dorsa l branches................................................................ 19
16. Arista l tip broadened, the width is 2/3 of the l ength (
Chen et a l. 2005a
, fig. 3A); paramere strong l y curved dista ll y (
Chen et a l. 2005a
, fig. 3D)........................................... ....................................................................
saltiaristula
Chen and Wen in
Chen et a l. 2005a
–
Arista l tip narrow, navicu l ar; paramere s l ight l y curved dista ll y................................... 17
17. Both l atera l l obes of the vertica l process of gonopods pointed and curved, the anterior projection on right side not bifurcated (
An et a l. 2015
, fig. 5)......................... ............................................................................................
haba
An and Chen in
An et a l. 2015
–
Latera l l obes of vertica l process of gonopods not pointed, the anterior projection on right side bifurcated. ............................................................................................................... 18
18. One of the two anterior projections on the right l atera l l obe of gonopods serrated (
Chen et a l. 2005b
, figs 12, 13)...
foliisetoides
Chen and Toda in
Chen et a l. 2005b
;
–
One of the two anterior projections on the right l atera l l obe of gonopods not serrated (
Chen et a l. 2005a
, fig. 2C)................................................................................................ .................................................................
sagittaristula
Chen and Wen in
Chen et a l. 2005a
19. Left l atera l l obe of vertica l process of gonopods l acking projection (
Figure 2
(d)). 20
–
Left l atera l l obe of vertica l process of gonopods with projection (
Figures 1
(d), 3 (d)). ......................................................................................................................................................... 21
20. Two l atera l l obes of vertica l process of gonopods near l y equa l in size (
Tsacas and Okada 1983, fig. 4
)............................................ ...........................................
foliiseta
Duda 1923
–
Left l atera l l obe of vertica l process of gonopods more e l ongated than the right (
Figure 2
(d))...........................................................................................................
yalianae
sp. nov.
21. Arista most l y with 2 dorsa l branches subbasa ll y (
Figure 1
(a)); vertica l process of gonopods submedia ll y with 1 rod- l ike process on l eft side (
Figure 1
(d), pr l), and 1 near l y triangu l ar process on right side (
Figure 1
(d, e), pr r).....................
libo
sp. nov.
–
Arista with 3 distinct dorsa l branches basa ll y (
Figure 3
(a)); vertica l process of the l eft side of gonopods bifurcated posterior l y, l acking process on right side (
Figure 3
(d), pr l)............................................................. ............................................................
yiqini
sp. nov.