A molecular phylogeny and revision of the genus Pyropteron Newman, 1832 (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) reveals unexpected diversity and frequent hostplant switch as a driver of speciation Author Bartsch, Daniel daniel.bartsch@smns-bw.de Author Pühringer, Franz f.puehringer@sesiidae.net Author Milla, Liz liz.milla@csiro.au Author Lingenhöle, Arthur arthur.lingenhöle@gmx.de Author Kallies, Axel 0000-0002-3778-2187 axel.kallies@unimelb.edu.au text Zootaxa 2021 2021-05-18 4972 1 1 75 journal article 6247 10.11646/zootaxa.4972.1.1 cdd9688e-9a3f-4602-992e-1f8693caab9b 1175-5326 4771798 E78473FE-5662-409A-90C2-7C4912DC57E8 Pyropteron leucomelaena leucomelaena ( Zeller, 1847 ) ( Figs 120–122 , 221, 222 , 229, 230 ) Sesia leucomelaena Zeller, 1847 : Isis, 40 (1): 12. Lectotype : Macri [ Turkey , Fethiye] (NHMUK). Sesia therevaeformis Lederer, 1853 : Verhandlungen des zoologisch-botanischen Vereins in Wien , Abhandlungen 2 [“1852”], 2: 82. Syntypes : 2♂ (?), 4♀ , Spalato [ Croatia , Split] and Brussa [ Turkey , Bursa ] (lost? Not in MFNB). Sesia cretica Rebel, 1916 : Annalen des k.k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 30: 143. Syntypes : 2♀ , Greece , Crete , Kristallenia and Mallaes (NHMW). Chamaesphecia leucomelaena f. cyrnea Le Cerf, 1920 : Études de Lépidoptérologie Comparée , 17: 506. Syntypes : 15♂ , 5♀ , France , Corsica (MNHN). Distribution. The typical subspecies is known from southern France in the west across southern Europe to Turkey in the east. It also occurs on the Mediterranean islands of Corsica , Sardinia, Sicily, Crete and Cyprus ( Laštůvka & Laštůvka 1995 , 2001 , Špatenka et al. 1999 ). Based on Gorbunov (pers. communication), this species is absent from Crimea. Specimens from central and northern Spain are here provisionally assigned to the typical subspecies; however, more detailed analyses are needed to map the precise distribution of the two subspecies of P. leucomelaena in the Iberian Peninsula. Specimens examined. 17♂ , Spain , Huesca , Graus , 30. VI .–10. VII .2009, leg. Riefenstahl & Wagenblass ( Bartsch gen. prep. 2020-04) ( Fig. 222 ) ; 2♂ , Spain , Teruel , Frias / Albarracin , 1400m , 1.–10. VII .1999, leg. Riefenstahl & Wagenblass (SMNS); 1♂ , Spain , Castillia-La-Mancha, Umgeb. Los Alares , 26. VI . 2012, 580m , leg. AL; 1♀ , same locality, 19. VI . 2012, 580m , leg. AL; 1♂ , Spain , Castilla-La-Mancha, Horcaja de los Montes , 435m , 18. VI .2012, leg. AL; 1♀ , same locality, 19. VI .2012, leg. AL (CAL); 6♂ , Spain , Teruel , Portillo de Guadalaviar ( El Portillo ), 1760–1770 m , 9. VII .2018, leg. FP (CFP); 1♂ , Spain , Teruel , Albarracin , 1200m , 30. VI .1993, leg. DB; 1♂ , Spain , Huesca , Graus , 500m , 30. VI .2009, leg. AL ( Bartsch gen. prep. 2019-52) ( CDB ) ; 1♂ , Spain , Teruel ( Aragon ), Albarracin, 25. VI .1928, leg. Predota; 1♂ , Spain , Catalonia , Vidreras nr. Gerona , 12. VI .1993, leg. A. Pürstinger; 1♂ , same data, 15. VI .1993 ( CFP ) . 1♂ , France , Ardeche , Saint-Maurice-d’Ibie, 350 m , 6. VII .1998, leg. B. Vanholder (CCDB-02110 B07, gen. prep. FP 98/64); 1♂ , France , Corsica, Castirla NW Corte , 950 m , 10. VI .1999, leg. H. Fischer (BOX-2219 H11, gen. prep. FP 99/11) (CFP); 1♀ , France , Alpes de Haut Provence , Luberon , Manosque , 14. VI .2006, leg. E. Blum ( Bartsch gen. prep. 2019-53) ( Fig. 230 ) ( CDB ) . 5♂ , Provence , Montbrun les Bains , 6., 7. and 8. VII .1991, leg. DB; 1♀ , France , Drome , Séderon , Col de la Pigiere , 25. VII .1992, leg. DB; 1♂ , France , Provence , Esterel , Agay , 25. VI .1991, leg. DB (CDB). 3♂ , Italy , Sicily , PA, N Castelbuono , 120 m , 10. VI .2001, leg. FP (DNAtax 02-18, gen. prep. FP 02/08); 12♂ , Italy , Sicily , SR, Pedagaggi NW Sortino , 700 m , 15. VI .2001, leg. FP (DNAtax 02-19, gen. prep. FP 02/06); 2♂ , Italy , Sicily , SR, W Sortino , 530 m , 13. VI .2001, leg. FP; 2♂ , ibid., 600 m , 15. VI .2001, leg. FP (BOX-2219 H12, gen. prep. FP 02/09) (CFP); 1♂ , Italy , Sicily , W of Sortino , 600m , 15. VI .2001, leg. FP; 1♂ , Italy , Abruzzi , Tuffo , 800m , 22. VII .1991, leg. HR (CRS); 1♂ , Albania , Lezha , W Reps , 260 m , 8. VII .2016, leg. FP; 1♂ , Bulgaria , Burgas , Chernomorets , 30 m , 9. VII .2014, leg. FP; 5♂ , Bulgaria , Slivno, N Sliven ( Slivno ), 390 m , 3. VII .2014, leg. FP; 2♂ , ibid., 400 m , 10. VII .2014, leg. FP; 1♂ , ibid., 25. VI .2016, leg. FP; 1♂ , Greece , Crete , Chania , Marathi ( Halbinsel Akrotiri ), 10 m , 6. VI .2000, leg. FP; 1♂ , ibid., 50 m , 7. VI .2000, leg. FP (CCDB-02113 F04); 2♂ , Greece , Crete , Rethymnon , Skaleta E Rethymnon , 2. VI .1996, leg. FP (photo 24/1/40-42, 2/35-41); 1♂ , ibid., 4. VI .1996, leg. FP; 6♂ , ibid., 6. VI .2000, leg. FP (CCDB-02110 B10, photo 41/6/1- 4); 2♂ , ibid., 7. VI .1996, leg. FP; 1♂ , Greece , Fthiotis , 5 km N Bralos , 450 m , 30. VI .2002, leg. FP (DNAtax 01-16); 3♂ , ibid., 3. VII .2003, leg. FP (BOX-2221 F11); 1♂ , Greece , Fthiotis , Iti ( Oiti ), 670 m , 22. VI .2002, leg. FP (photo 51/5/33-41); 1♂ , Greece , Fthiotis , Pavliani , 1000 m , 22. VI .2002, leg. FP; 5♂ , Greece , Ioannina , Kipi (= Kipoi , Timfi Mts ), 780 m , 28. VI .2002, leg. FP (DNAtax 02502, photo 52/5/11-13); 3♂ , Greece , Ioannina , Koukouli , 930 m , 30. VI .2003, leg. FP (CCDB-02110 B08); 1♂ , Greece , Komotini , N Drama , 350 m , 6. VII .2003, leg. FP; 1♂ , Greece , Larissa , Ossa Mts , SW Stomio (n), 1000–1090 m , 20. VI .2002, leg. FP; 5♂ , ibid., 2. VII .2003, leg. FP (BOX- 2220 A05) (CFP); 1♂ , Greece , Peloponnese , inner Mani , Kendro , 1200–1800m , 7. VII .2005, leg. DB; 1♀ ( Fig. 122 ), Greece , Peloponnese , outer Mani , Kariovouni , 600m , e.l. ex. Sanguisorba minor , larva 19.IX.2000 adult 30. V .2001, leg. DB (CDB); 1♂ , Bulgaria , Vlas , 27. VI .–3. VII .2005, leg. Riefenstahl; 1♂ , Turkey , Antalya , Saklikent , 640m , 28. VI .2002, leg. Riefenstahl; 2♂ , ibid., 1380m , 28. VI .2002, leg. Riefenstahl; 9♂ , ibid., 900m , 28.–29. VI .2002, leg. Riefenstahl; 2♂ , ibid., 1610m , 29.–30. VI .2002, leg. Riefenstahl; 10♂ , Turkey , Anatolia, Feke , 1000m , 5. VII .1992, leg. Riefenstahl (SMNS); 7♂ , Turkey , Toros Daglari , road Antalya-Saklikent , 1000m , 29. and 30. VI .1998, leg. DB; 7♂ ( Figs 120–121 ), ibid., 600m , 16. VI . and 3. VII .2002, leg. DB; 1♂ , Turkey , Mersin , Pusatli Dagi , 10 km S Kirobasi, 1260m , 29. VI .2002, leg. AL ( Bartsch gen. prep. 2019-50) ( Fig. 221 ) ; 9♂ , ibid., 1280m , 29. VI .2002, leg. DB; 1♀ , Turkey , Konya , Beysehir , 1170m , 27. VI .2002, leg. AL ( Bartsch gen. prep. 2019-51) ( Fig. 230 ) ; 2♂ , Konya , Taskent , 1570m , 1. VII .2002, leg. DB; 2♂ , Turkey , Konya , 45km S Beysehir , Bakaran , 1420m , 18. VI . and 2. VII .2002, leg. DB; 1♂ , 1♀ , Turkey , Adiyaman , 25km W Gölbasi , 24. VI . 1993, leg. G. & M. Novak; 2♂ , Cyprus , Limassol , Souni , 400m , 19. V .2001, leg. G. & M. Novak; 1♂ , Cyprus , Paphos , Akamas , Ag. Minas , 23. V .2001, leg. G. & M. Novak; 1♂ , 2♀ , Cyprus , Troodos , 2km NW Fioni , 1200m , larvae 25. III .2000, e.l. ex. P. minor , leg. DB (CDB).