Review of the species of Anastatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) known from China, with description of two new species with brachypterous females
Author
Peng, Lingfei
Author
Gibson, Gary A. P.
Author
Tang, Lu
Author
Xiang, Jiawei
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-04-28
4767
3
351
401
journal article
22513
10.11646/zootaxa.4767.3.1
de8e73dd-ebec-4674-b9e9-6e7c62bc486b
1175-5334
3772901
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BAF472F8-CD4E-4518-A279-CCAA12F01737
Anastatus
Motschulsky, 1859
Diagnosis
. FEMALE. Mandibles bidentate, with truncate dorsoapical margin and small, acute, ventroapical tooth (
Fig. 10B
, insert]. Mesotibia anteroapically with mesotibial groove (
Fig. 3J
: mgr) between mesotibial apical pegs (
Fig. 3J
: map) and part of tibia above tarsus. Propodeum (
e.g.
,
Fig. 10A
, insert) with anterior margin V-like incised medially for reception of dorsellum and foramen broadly, ∩-like incurved almost to apex of V-like incision so as to differentiate more or less bowtie-like medial region formed by inclined surface of plical region on either side of very short medial region. Fore wing discal region infuscate with either hyaline cross-band (
e.g
.,
Fig. 1D
) or anterior and posterior hyaline spots (
e.g.
,
Fig. 6H
) with white setae behind marginal vein. Gaster with subbasal white band in dorsal and lateral views (
e.g.
,
Figs 3A, B
), and syntergum apically reflexed into paler syntergal flange.
MALE. Mandible bidentate (
Figs. 17F
,
21C
) similar to female (
Fig. 10B
, insert). Head with toruli inserted near lower margin of eyes, not distinctly closer to each other than to oral margin or to inner orbits, gena with subequally short setae, and maxillary palpus not conspicuously long (
e.g.,
Fig. 5E
). Antenna with short, subglobular pedicel lacking line of apically curved setae (
Fig. 5D
: pdl); flagellum of regional species robust-filiform (
e.g.
,
Figs 2E
,
5D
) with first flagellomere so strongly reduced that at most seven funiculars clearly visible, the funiculars and clava variably long (
cf.
Figs 2E
,
5D
: clv), but all flagellomeres microsetose with multiple rows of multiporous plate sensilla (
Fig. 5D
: mps). Metapleuron bare. Fore wing hyaline, without or with variably large speculum (
cf.
Figs 5H
,
17I
: spc).
Remarks
. The extensive generic synonymy of
Anastatus
was reviewed by
Gibson (2020)
, who listed 16 junior synonyms. The key to genera based on females by
Gibson (1995)
can be used to differentiate females from those of other genera of Eulpelminae. Because of similar fore wing colour patterns, macropterous females of Chinese species of
Anastatus
could be mistaken for females of two other eupelmine genera,
Zaischnopsis
Ashmead, 1904
or some
Mesocomys
Cameron, 1905
. However,
Zaischnopsis
females have tridentate mandibles, the gaster lacks a subbasal white region, and propodeal structure is different (
Peng
et al
. 2018
). Females of some
Mesocomys
species are superficially more similar to
Anastatus
females because they have similar bidentate mandibles, a subbasally white gaster, and similar fore wing colour patterns, but in addition to having a different propodeal structure are differentiated by the mesotibia lacking both an apical groove and apical pegs, among several other features detailed by
Gibson (1995)
.
Males can also be identified to genus using the key to genera based on males in
Gibson (1995)
, who keyed out males of
Anastatus
in eight different places, which reflects their morphological diversity, particularly in flagellar structure. Males of most species from
China
will key through couplet eight in the key of
Gibson (1995)
only with difficulty because the fore wing often has a large, quadrangular speculum between the parastigma and mediocubital fold (
e.g.
,
Figs 5H
,
9I
,
24I
: spc), which is otherwise characteristic of males of
Eupelmus
Dalman, 1820
and
Xenanastatus
Bouček, 1988
. However, males of these latter two genera have different flagellar structures than described for regional males of
Anastatus
, and males of the much more common of the two genera,
Eupelmus
, often have one seta on the gena that is much longer than the others and a more elongate-triangular pedicel with a line of apically curved setae ventrally (see figures in
Gibson 2011
;
Gibson and Fusu 2016
).