Peckia (Peckia) villegasi Dodge, 1966

Buenaventura, Eliana & Pape, Thomas, 2013, <strong> Revision of the New World genus <em> Peckia </ em> Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) </ strong>, Zootaxa 3622 (1), pp. 1-87 : 68-70

Peckia (Peckia) villegasi Dodge

( Figs. 5g, 5h in Dodge 1966)

Peckia villegasi Dodge, 1966: 693 . Venezuela, Tacarigua. Holotype male, in USNM (not examined).

Description. Male. Head. Ocellar setae equal to or shorter than postoculars. Outer vertical seta stronger than postoculars. Black orbital setae. Three frontal setae situated below the dorsal limit of the lunule. Genal setae black dorsally, yellow or white ventrally. First row of occipital setae black, others yellow. Thorax. Chaetotaxy: acrostichals = 0 + 1, dorsocentrals = 0 + 3 (anterior one shorter), intra-alars = 1 + 2 (anterior one shorter), supraalars = 2 + 3, basal scutellars = 3. Prosternum and posterior surface of hind coxa with black setae. White or yellow and black antero-ventral scutellar setae. Two katepisternal setae. Postalar wall with only black setae. Lower calypter with a central dark spot and a fringe of long hair-like setae along outer margin, extending to its posterior margin. Mid femur without a ctenidium. Antero-dorsal surface of mid tibia with 1 median seta and 1 apical seta. Hind tibia with two setae in the basal third, 1 in the middle third and 1 preapical on antero-dorsal surface. Abdomen. Postero-ventral seams between T3/T4 and T4/T5 parallel. Microtrichosity of the abdomen laterally golden. ST1+3 with only black hair-like setae. One lateral seta on each side of T4. T5 with golden microtrichosity. Posterior seam of T5 not projected posteriorly and ventrally, and normal setae in postero-ventral area directed posteriorly. Terminalia. ST5 brown. Medial margin of ST5 ∏-shaped. Inner margins of ST5 arms straight. Inner margins of ST5 arms with a patch of short setae on the anterior region and long hair-like setae uniformly distributed. Syntergosternite 7+8 longer than high in lateral view, orange, with golden microtrichosity. Epandrium bright orange. Cercus completely black. Cercus in lateral view progressively narrowing towards the apex, with the dorsal margin slightly curved in lateral view, at midlength with a depression followed by a tooth-like projection. Cercal apex rounded in lateral view. Surstylus orange, triangular, with a rounded apex, with postero-distal surface less sclerotized (more smooth; lighter and more transparent colour) than the remaining surface. Pregonite triangular, becoming narrower towards the apex, curved in lateral view, with a rounded apex. Postgonite elongated, with a hooked apex. Basi- and distiphallus connected by a desclerotized strip. Juxta without demarcated connection with the phallic tube, as sclerotized as the phallic tube. Juxta with lateral plate, with a uniform outer edge in apical view, short with an acute apex in lateral view. Distiphallus with a pair of lateral styli separated, each with a longitudinal cleft, visible in lateral and apical view. Vesica with a rounded lobe proximally and distally composed of two C-like structures connected proximally and each with an acute, hook-shaped apex in lateral view.

Biology. See comments on biology of P. (Peckia) chrysostoma .

Distribution. NEOTROPICAL— Colombia (Bolívar, Sucre), Venezuela.

Material examined. Colombia: 6 males, Bolívar, Tintinan, Isla San Bernardo, Manual [sweep net], Cerdo [pig], 0m, 10.i.2003, P Duque & M Wolf ( CEUA) ; 1 male, Sucre, San Onofre, Rsva Sanguaré, jardín, larvas sobre Stapelia gigantea, Jama [sweep net], 0m, 10.v.2003, GEUA ( CEUA) .

Subgenus Sarcodexia Townsend

Sarcodexia Townsend, 1892: 105 . Type species: Sarcodexia sternodontis Townsend, 1892 [= Sarcophaga lambens Wiedemann, 1830 ], by original designation. N. syn.

Cricobrachia Enderlein, 1928a: 19 . Type species: Cricobrachia anisitsiana Enderlein, 1928 [= Sarcophaga lambens Wiedemann, 1830 ], by original designation.

Diagnosis. Male. Genal setae entirely black or black dorsally and yellow or white ventrally. First two rows of occipital setae black, others yellow. Three katepisternal setae. Lower calypter with a central dark spot, with or without a fringe of long hair-like setae along outer margin, extending to or almost to its posterior margin. Mid femur with or without a ctenidium. Anterior surface of hind femur with or without a black patch of setae near apex. Postero-ventral seams between T3/T4 and T4/T5 parallel. ST5 black or orange. Cercal apex truncated or acute in lateral view. Distal half of the dorsal margin of cercus curved in lateral view. Juxta with juxtal lateral plate with three juxtal horns. The bifurcation giving origin to the juxtal lateral plates can locate superficial at the juxtal apex, leaving the lateral plates close to each other, or it can be deeper leaving the lateral plates not very close to each other.

Remarks. We examined the phallus morphology of Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens , P. (Sarcodexia) notata , P. (Sarcodexia) dominicana and P. (Sarcodexia) cocos using optical microscopy, observing no median stylus, as Giroux et al. (2010) already noted when exploring the acrophallus of P. (Sarcodexia) lambens (figs. 17D-E in Giroux et al. 2010). We found that the lateral styli of P. (Sarcodexia) lambens are not protected by the small spiraling tubes found within the apex of the juxta as interpreted by Leite & Lopes (1989a); instead, they are short and straight, and located inside the distiphallus as also shown by Giroux et al. (2010). Leite & Lopes (1989a) established that the spiraling tubes are actually part of the juxta, and we also found these two long juxtal projections are not always spiraling like in P. (Sarcodexia) cocos , P. (Sarcodexia) lambens and P. (Sarcodexia) notata , but can be slightly curved in P. (Sarcodexia) aequata , P. (Sarcodexia) florencioi , P. (Sarcodexia) tridentata and P. (Sarcodexia) dominicana or straight in P. (Sarcodexia) chirotheca and P. (Sarcodexia) roppai . Sarcodexia is here synonymised under Peckia and redefined to include all the species where the two long juxtal lateral plates have three horn-like projections ( Figs. 97–99, 101–103, 105, 107–109 ). This is a unique configuration within Peckia and this redefinition will ensure that both Sarcodexia and Euboettcheria are monophyletic (Buenaventura, Sarmiento & Pape, in prep.). The juxta can be elongated in Sarcodexia and Euboettcheria species , but only in Sarcodexia is this structure composed of a pair of juxtal lateral plates with three juxtal horns. The curved nature of the distal half of the dorsal margin of the cercus in lateral view is shared by all species of Sarcodexia .

Peckia (Sarcodexia) aequata (Wulp) , new subgeneric affiliation

( Figs. 17 , 98 ) (fig. 17 in Aldrich 1916, figs. 3–5 in Lopes 1968)

Sarcophaga aequata Wulp, 1895: 269 . Mexico, Guerrero, Amula. Lectotype male, by present designation, in BMNH (examined).

Udamoctis garleppi Enderlein, 1928a: 25 . Unavailable name.

Udamoctis garleppi Enderlein, 1928b: 150 . Bolivia. Lectotype male, in ZMHB (designated by Lopes 1968: 339, examined by Pape 1995: 19).

Description. Male. Head. Ocellar setae stronger than postoculars. Outer vertical seta of same size as postoculars. Black orbital setae. Three frontal setae situated below the dorsal limit of the lunule. All genal setae black. First two rows of occipital setae black, others yellow. Thorax. Chaetotaxy: acrostichals = 0 + 1, dorsocentrals = 0 + 3 (anterior one shorter), intra-alars = 2 + 2 (anterior one shorter), supra-alars = 2 + 3, basal scutellars = 4. Prosternum and posterior surface of hind coxa with black setae. Black antero-ventral scutellar setae. Three katepisternal setae. Postalar wall with only black setae. Lower calypter with a central dark spot and a fringe of long hair-like setae along outer margin, extending almost to its posterior margin. Mid femur with a ctenidium. Antero-dorsal surface of mid tibia with 2 median seta and 1 apical seta. Hind femur with a row of antero-ventral and a row of posteroventral setae. Hind tibia antero-dorsally with 1 seta in the basal third, 1 in the middle third and 1 preapical.

Abdomen. Postero-ventral seams between T3/T4 and T4/T5 parallel. Posterior seam of T5 not projected posteriorly and ventrally, and normal setae in postero-ventral area directed posteriorly. T5 with golden microtrichosity. Microtrichosity of the abdomen laterally golden. ST1+3 with only black hair-like setae. Two lateral setae on each side of T4. Terminalia. ST5 orange. Medial margin of ST5 ∩-shaped. Inner margins of ST5 arms straight. Median region of the inner margins of ST5 arms with short setae, not forming patches. Posterior region of the inner margins of ST5 arms with long hair-like setae. Syntergosternite 7+8 longer than high in lateral view, orange, with golden microtrichosity. Epandrium bright orange. Cercus orange proximally and brown or dark brown distally. Cercus in lateral view progressively narrowing towards the apex, with the distal half curved in lateral view. Cercus with short dorsal spines. Cercus with 4 long and strong ventral spines at midlength, with the proximal spines directed forward and distal ones directed ventrally. Cercal apex acute in lateral view. Surstylus orange, finger-shaped with anterior margin slightly projected towards the anterior body region, with an acute apex. Pregonite tongue-shaped, curved in lateral view, a lateral projection, and an undulated apex. Postgonite elongated, with a hooked apex. Basi- and distiphallus connected by a desclerotized strip. Juxta with curved juxtal lateral plate with three juxtal horns. The bifurcation giving origin to the juxtal lateral plates is superficial at the juxtal apex and leaves the lateral plates close to each other. Juxta elongated, much longer than the vesica in lateral view. Distiphallus with a pair of lateral styli separated, each with a longitudinal cleft. Short vesica composed of one entire plate without demarcated connection with the distiphallus.

Taxonomic remarks. We examined two male syntypes of Sarcophaga aequata Wulp, 1895 deposited in BMNH. Both are double-mounted and in good condition. One specimen carries four labels: “Syn-type”, “Teapa, Tabasco., Jan. H. H. S.”, “Central America, Pres. By, F. D. Godman., O. Salvin., 1903-172”, and “B. C. A. Dipt. II, Sarcophaga , ♂ aequata v d w” (last line of the fourth label handwritten, the others printed). The other specimen carries six labels: “Syn-type”, “Co-type” [with the male terminalia glued on], “Amula, Guerrero 6000ft., Aug. H. H. Smith.”, “Central America, Pres. By, F. D. Godman., O. Salvin., 1903-172”, “B. C. A. Dipt. II, Sarcophaga , ♂ aequata v d w”, and “not aequata” (last line of the fifth and sixth labels handwritten, the others printed). Both specimens are mentioned in the original description by Wulp (1895) and were revised by Aldrich (1916), who excluded the male from Teapa which he considered near Sarcophaga amoena Aldrich, 1916 . However, either Aldrich or a subsequent curator/researcher appears to have confused the labels and left a handwritten label with “not aequata” on the wrong specimen. The specimens are not conspecific: the male from Teapa (Tabasco, Mexico) belongs to Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma Wiedemann, 1830 , whereas the one with the handwritten label “not aequata” from Amula (Guerrero, Mexico) is actually Sarcophaga aequata Wulp, 1885 as currently defined. We designate this male from Amula as lectotype by present designation to serve nomenclatural stability. The lectotype is in good condition and has terminalia extended. We have equipped the specimen with an additional, red, printed label with “ LECTOTYPE ♂ Sarcophaga aequata Wulp, 1895 Buenaventura & Pape det.”.

Distribution. NEARCTIC— Mexico (Morelos). NEOTROPICAL— Bolivia, Brazil (Santa Catarina), Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá), Ecuador, Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Tabasco), Panama, Peru, Venezuela (Aragua).

Material examined. Colombia: 1 male, Antioquia, Gómez Plata, Hda. [Hacienda] La Clara , VSR, 1000m, 09.vii.2003, GEUA ( CEUA) ; 1 male, Boyacá, Puerto Boyacá, Insp. Puerto Romero, El Oasis ., 650m, 25.iv.2001 ( ICN) ; 1 male, Boyacá, Santa María, Bosque La Almenara , sweep net, decomposing fish, 4°53'0.2''N 73°15'15''W, 1285m, 27.xii.2008, E. Buenaventura ( ICN) ; 1 male, Boyacá, Santa María, Bosque Icacuye , sweep net, decomposing fish, 4°53'42.8''N 73°16'43.1''W, 843m, 28.xii.2008, E. Buenaventura ( ICN) . Mexico: 1 male ( Sarcophaga aequata Wulp, 1895 , labelled as syntype [lectotype]), Amula , Guerrero 6000 ft. [feet], Aug. [August] H. H. Smith ( BMNH) ; 1 male, Morelos, Cuernavaca , 1800m, 01.xi–05.xii, Dampf ( MNRJ) . Peru: 1 male, Madre de Dios, Manu, Río Manu, Pakitza , 70°58'W 12°7'S, 250m, 09–23.ix.1988, Amnon Freidberg ( USNM) . Venezuela: 1 male, Aragua, Henri Pittier Nat. Park , 1100–1800m, 12–30.xi.1997, T. Pape ( ZMUC) .

Figures

FIGURES 1–7. 1. Peckia (Squamatodes) ingens. Sternite 5 regions, ventral view. 2. Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 3. Peckia (Peckia) rubella. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 4. Peckia (Peckia) uncinata. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 5. Peckia (Peckia) urceola. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 6. Peckia (Sarcodexia) chirotheca. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 7. Peckia (Sarcodexia) dominicana. Distiphallus, left lateral view. (Abbreviations: bJh—basal juxtal horn, J—juxta, Jh—juxtal horn, Jlp—juxtal lateral plate, Ls—lateral stylus, V—vesica.)

FIGURES 97–111. 97. Peckia (Sarcodexia) tridentata. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 98. Peckia (Sarcodexia) aequata. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 99. Peckia (Sarcodexia) florencioi. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 100–101. Peckia (Sarcodexia) roppai. 100. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 101. Male terminalia, apical view. 102–103. Peckia (Sarcodexia) dominicana. 102. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 103. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 104–105. Peckia (Sarcodexia) chirotheca. 104. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 105. Distiphallus, apical view. 106–107. Peckia (Sarcodexia) notata. 106. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 107. Male terminalia, ventral view. 108–109. Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens. 108. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 109. Distiphallus, pregonites and postgonites, ventral view. 110–111. Peckia (Sarcodexia) cocos n. sp. 110. Cerci and surstyli, left lateral view. 111. Distiphallus, pregonites and postgonites, left lateral view. (Abbreviations: bJh—basal juxtal horn, Ce—cercus, J—juxta, Jh—juxtal horns, Jlp—juxtal lateral plate, Ls—lateral stylus, Pog—postgonite, Prg—pregonite, Sr—surstylus, V—vesica.)

FIGURES 17–21. 17. Peckia (Sarcodexia) aequata. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 18–19. Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans. 18. Prosternum. 19. Postalar wall. 20. Peckia (Pattonella) pallidipilosa. Male terminalia, left lateral view. 21. Peckia (Peckia) cocopex n. sp. Surstylus, left lateral view. (Abbreviations: aJ—juxtal accessory, bJh—basal juxtal horn, Ce—cercus, J—juxta, Jh—juxtal horn, Jlp—juxtal lateral plate, Ls—lateral stylus, Pog—postgonite, Prg—pregonite, Sr—surstylus, V—vesica.)