Batillipes similis Schulz, 1955

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Bartels, Paul J., Roszkowska, Milena & Nelson, Diane R., 2015, The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada, Zootaxa 4037 (1), pp. 1-189 : 35-37

27. Batillipes similis Schulz, 1955

Batillipes similis nov. spec. ( Schulz 1955)

Batillipes similis Schulz ( Moore 1979)

B. similis, Schulz 1955 (Grimaldi de Zio et al. 1983b) Batillipes similis ( Accogli et al. 2009, Jørgensen et al. 2010) Terra typica: Tyrrhenian Sea ( Italy, Europe)

Adriatic Sea:

• 42°08′N, 15°29′E [42°07′N, 15°30′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Foggia Province, Tremiti Islands, San Domino Island, I Pagliai. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 41°05′N, 17°01′E; 0-3 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Bari Province, Calo Colombo, coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2009) • 40 ° 31.59′N, 18°05.51′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Brindisi Province, Lendinuso, coarse sand in Posidonia meadows. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40 ° 31.59′N, 18°05.51′E; 20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Brindisi Province, Lendinuso, coarse sand in Posidonia meadows. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40 ° 27.24′N, 18°14.63′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Lecce Bacino (San Cataldo), coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40 ° 27.24′N, 18°14.63′E [40°22′N, 18°20′E]; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Ceisne (Marne protected area), coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40 ° 27.17′N, 18°14.58′E [40°22′N, 18°20′E]; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Ceisne (Marne protected area), coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40 ° 19.36′N, 18°23.16′E; 20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Torre Specchia, fine sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40°13′42′′N, 18°27′40′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Frassanito, intertidal, medium-fine sand, mainly siliceous (61%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

• 40°03′N, 17°41′E / 40°03′17′′N, 17°45′58′′E [41°04′N, 17°05′E]; 3 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Bari Province, near Bari, Mola di Bari-Porto Colombo, 150 m offshore of Porto Colombo, sand. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

Atlantic Ocean:

• 61°17′42′′N, 08°32′18′′W; 104–260 m bsl: [FAO27] Faroe Islands, Faroe Bank, shell gravel, coarse shell gravel, carbonate fine sand, carbonate sand, or fine shell sand. Hansen et al. (2001)

Balearic Sea:

• 40°49′N, 08°30′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Sardinia, Sassari Province, Gulf of Asinara, medium and medium fine sand. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2007)

• 40°20′N, 08°22′E; 5 and 7 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Sardinia, Sassari or Oristano Province, Gulf of Alghero, medium sand. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2007)

East China Sea:

• 33°30′N, 126°57′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, Jeju Province, Udo Island, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

Ionian Sea:

• 40°23′07′′N, 17°18′29′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Tarento Province, Lido Gandoli, intertidal, heterogenous sand with high calcareous content. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

• 40°16′10′′N, 17°53′08′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Porto Cesareo, intertidal, on the shoreline, medium-fine sand (max 0.354 mm). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1980b, 1983b)

• 40°16′N, 17°54′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Apulia, Lecce Province, Gulf of Taranto, Porto Cesareo. et al. (2010)

• 40 ° 15.40′N, 17°52.57′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Porto Cesareo (marine protected area), coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40°13′90′′N, 17°54′59′′E [40°13′N, 17°55′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, San Isidoro [Sant’Isidoro]. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 40 ° 12.94′N, 17°5.07′E [40°13′N, 17°55′E]; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, San Isidoro, coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40 ° 12.94′N, 17°5.07′E [40°13′N, 17°55′E]; 20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, San Isidoro, medium sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40°09′N, 17°58′E; 0-20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Nard, Corvine cave, coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2009)

• 40 ° 0 3.92′N, 17°59.64′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Gallipoli, medium sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 40°03′00′′N, 18°00′00′′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, near Gallipoli, Lido Conchiglie, intertidal, on the shoreline, medium sand (max 0.354 mm), mainly calcareous (97%). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1980b, 1983b)

• 39 ° 55.55′N, 18°02.81′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Torre San Giovanni Mancaversa, sand, coarse organogenous debris. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 39°55′55′′N, 18°02′71′′E [39°54′N, 18°06′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, San Giovanni [Torre San Giovanni]. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 39 ° 51.26′N, 18°23.55′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Gagliano, coarse sand. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 39 ° 50.46′N, 18°07.38′E; 20 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Torre Mozza (industry for fish processing), sand, coarse organogenous debris. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 39 ° 50.14′N, 18°06.45′E; 10 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, Torre Mozza (industry for fish processing), sand, coarse organogenous debris. Accogli et al. (2011)

• 39°48′40′′N, 18°40′38′′E [39°49′N, 18°19′E]; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Lecce Province, San Gregorio, intertidal, coarse sand, organogenic (98% calcareous). Grimaldi de Zio et al. (1983b)

Irish Sea:

• 54°09′N, 04°29′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Isle of Man, Douglas, intertidal, quartz sand. Moore (1979)

Ligurian Sea:

• 43°32 ′ N, 10°12′E; 7 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Livorno Province, 300 m NW of Meloria Shoals Lighthouse, sediment samples. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (1999a)

Mediterranean Sea:

• 35°54′N, 14°32′E; 35 m bsl: [FAO37] Republic of Malta, SE coast of Malta, Sicily Channel, 1.75 km SE of the entrance of Grand Harbour and 1.4 km NW of the coastal settlement Xghajra, fine sand. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

Sea of Japan:

• 37°03′N, 129°25′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, North Gyeongsang Province, Chukpyon, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

• 36°40′N, 129°26′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, North Gyeongsang Province, Taejin, Sajin, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

• 36°12′N, 129°22′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, North Gyeongsang Province, Wolpo, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

• 36°00′N, 129°35′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, North Gyeongsang Province, Samjung-2-ri, Kuryongpo, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

• 35°53′N, 129°31′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, North Gyeongsang Province, Yangpo, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

• 35°44′N, 129°29′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, North Gyeongsang Province, Ponggil [Bonggil-ri], intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

Tyrrhenian Sea:

• 40°50′N, 14°16′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Type Locality: Italy, Province of Naples, Naples, Gulf of Naples, Amphioxus sand. Schulz (1955)

• 40°50′N, 14°18′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Province of Naples, Napoli Gulf [Gulf of Naples]. Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 40°20′30′′N, 09°40′15′′E; 21 and> 80 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Sardinia Island, Nuoro Province, Orosei Gulf, sand in Posidonia seagrass meadow and coralligenous detritus. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001), Grimaldi de Zio et al. (2003)

• 40°13′N, 09°38′E; 5 and 7 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Sardinia, Nuoro Province, Gulf of Orosei, coarse sand. D’Addabbo Gallo et al. (2007)

• 38°36′N, 14°55′E; 46 m bsl: [FAO37] Italy, Aeolian Islands, Secca del Capo, coralligenous bank, subtidal zone, medium carbonate sand. Grimaldi de Zio & D’Addabbo Gallo (2001)

Yellow Sea:

• 36°48′N, 126°09′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO61] South Korea, South Chungcheong Province, Manripo, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. Rho et al. (1999)

Record numbers (Sea/Ocean classification): Adriatic Sea: 10, Atlantic Ocean: 1, Balearic Sea: 2, East China Sea: 1, Ionian Sea: 16, Irish Sea: 1, Ligurian Sea: 1, Mediterranean Sea: 1, Sea of Japan: 6, Tyrrhenian Sea: 5, Yellow Sea: 1; total: 45.

Record numbers (FAO classification): FAO27: 2, FAO37: 35, FAO61: 8; total: 45.

Remarks: This species is known from many European and Asian localities in the temperate zone. Reported mainly from the intertidal zone, it has also been found from the subtidal down to ca. 80 m bsl, inhabiting different types of sand and gravel.