Pteropurpura polonica (Pusch, 1836)

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Merle, Didier, 2025, The Muricidae (Gastropoda, Muricoidea) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea (Haustrinae, Muricinae, Ocenebrinae, Pagodulinae, Typhinae, Muricidae incertae sedis), Zootaxa 5572 (1), pp. 1-162 : 101-103

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5572.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7AF6A560-3FAC-4490-B167-327A7912F242
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F73C87F9-FF82-803C-FF50-AF70FD74B8EE
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Pteropurpura polonica (Pusch, 1836)
status

Treatment

Figs 47 View FIGURE 47 , 50A–D View FIGURE 50

Murex brandaris Lin. View in CoL — Dubois de Montpéreux 1831: 30, pl. 1, fig. 49 [non Bolinus brandaris ( Linnaeus, 1758) View in CoL ].

* Murex triacanthus L. Var. polonica nob.—Pusch 1836: 518.

Murex triacanthus L.—Pusch 1837: 135, pl. 11, fig. 20 [non Murex triacanthus Gmelin, 1791 ].

Murex triacanthus LGm.— Eichwald 1853: 190 [non Murex triacanthus Gmelin, 1791 ].

Murex View in CoL Delbosianus Grat.—Hörnes 1856: 675, pl. 51, figs 7a–b [non Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) ].

Murex View in CoL hystrix —Quenstedt 1884: 649, pl. 211, fig. 17 [non Murex View in CoL hystrix Linnaeus, 1758].

Murex View in CoL Delbosianus Grat.—Hoernes & Auinger 1885: 199, pl. 24, figs 9–11 [non Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) ]. Murex View in CoL ( Murex View in CoL ) delbosianus Grat.— Boettger 1902: 27 [non Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) ].

Murex View in CoL ( Murex View in CoL ) delbosianus Grat.— Boettger 1906: 40 [non Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) ].

Murex View in CoL Delbosianus Grat.— Friedberg 1912: 163, pl. 9, figs 11–12 [non Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) ].

M [urex]. Friedbergi nob.— Cossmann & Peyrot 1924: 98 [pro Murex View in CoL delbosianus sensu Friedberg 1912: pl. 9, figs 11–12]. Murex Friedbergi Cossm. I Peyr. View in CoL —Friedberg 1928: 586.

Murex Friedbergi Cossm. et Peyr. View in CoL — Friedberg 1938: 115.

Murex View in CoL Delbosianus Grat.— Korobkov 1955: plate captions, pl. 70, figs 5–6 [non Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) ].

P [urpura]. (T [ritonalia].) delbosiana friedbergi Cossm. et Peyr. View in CoL — Sieber 1958: 147.

Murex (Tubicauda) friedbergi Cossmann et Peyrot 1894 View in CoL [sic]—Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 143, pl. 39, fig. 2.

Murex friedbergi Cossmann & Peyrot, 1924 View in CoL — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 186, pl. 44, figs 7–8.

Pteropurpura friedbergi ( Cossmann et Peyrot, 1924) View in CoL — Stojaspal 1978: 335.

Murex (Tubicauda) friedbergi Cossmann & Peyrot, 1924 View in CoL — Bałuk 1995: 212, pl. 22, figs 6–8.

Murex friedbergi Cossmann et Peyrot View in CoL — Wysocka et al. 2016: 373, text-fig. 11/C

Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) — Kovács et al. 2018: 123, figs 7M–O.

Pteropurpura friedbergi ( Cossmann et Peyrot, 1924) View in CoL — Kovács 2019: 132, figs 59–60.

Pteropurpura friedbergi ( Cossmann & Peyrot, 1924) View in CoL — Kovács 2020: 457, pl. 3, figs 15–16.

non Purpura (Tritonalia) delbosiana friedbergi Cossmann & Peyrot —Symeonidis 1966: 279, pl. 57, figs 4–5 [= Pteropurpura delbosiana ( Grateloup, 1845) ].

Type material. Neotype (designated herein), NHMW 1852 View Materials /0009/0080a, SL: 35.6 mm, MD: 20.9 mm, Korytnica ( Poland), Figs 50C View FIGURE 50 1 –C View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . The collection of Georg Gottlieb Pusch (1790–1846) is lost. Therefore, we designate a neotype.

Illustrated material. NHMW 1867/0019/0097a, SL: 39.0 mm, MD: 22.9 mm, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 50A View FIGURE 50 1 –A View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . NHMW 1867/0019/0097b, SL: 27.6 mm, MD: 15.3 mm, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1885: pl. 24, figs 9a–b, Figs 50B View FIGURE 50 1 –B View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 . NHMW 1855/0045/0700, SL: 35.9 mm, MD: 22.4 mm, Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1856: pl. 51, figs 7a–b), Figs 50D View FIGURE 50 1 –D View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 .

Additional material. 3 spec., NHMW 1884 View Materials /0018/1572, Grund ( Austria) ; 17 spec., NHMW 1852 View Materials /0009/0080, Korytnica ( Poland) ; 20 spec., NHMW 1853 View Materials /0038/0022, Korytnica ( Poland) ; 4 spec., NHMW 1866 View Materials /0038/0005, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) ; 6 spec., NHMW 1874 View Materials /0025/0032, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Medium-sized, moderately slender fusiform, trivaricate shell with high spire; apical angle ~40°. Protoconch worn, conical, of about 1.5 whorls. Teleoconch of seven whorls. Early teleoconch whorls with weak mid-whorl angulation; suture moderately incised, shallowly undulating. Axial sculpture of three trigonal varices and up to two weaker intervarical ribs. Subsutural ramp with delicate adis, IP, abis and secondary cords of equal strength, separated by narrower interspaces on antepenultimate and penultimate whorls. P1 forming long spines at shoulder over varices on last three teleoconch whorls. P2–P3 much weaker with weak s1–s2. Last whorl attaining ~75% of total height, with weakly concave subsutural ramp, marked shoulder, weakly convex below, strongly constricted with weak basal angulation. Weak adis, IP, abis; P1 with long, straight spines. P2 weak; P3 prominent along basal angulation, with short spines on varices and long spine on terminal varix; s1 and s2 adjoined by distinct tertiary thread on either side; s3, s4, s4 and s6 occasional. P5–P6 of variable strength. ADP prominent, occasionally with short spines, MP poorly distinct. Aperture ovate. Outer lip smooth. Anal canal subobsolete; siphonal canal very long, closed, slightly bent to the left, weakly dorsally recurved, shallowly notched. Columella smooth, almost straight. Columellar callus forming broad rim, well delimited from base; erect at siphonal canal, adherent in parietal area.

Paratethyan synonyms. Murex friedbergi Cossmann & Peyrot, 1924 [pro Murex delbosianus sensu Friedberg 1912: pl. 9, figs 11–12]. Cossmann & Peyrot (1924) proposed Murex friedbergi as name for this species, referring to the illustrations in Friedberg (1912, pl. 9, figs 11–12). Friedberg (1912) listed also the specimen illustrated by Pusch (1837) in his synonymy but had overlooked the monograph of Pusch (1836) in which this species was named Murex triacanthus polonica and described in Latin. Therefore, Murex friedbergi Cossmann & Peyrot, 1924 is a subjective junior synonym of Murex triacanthus polonica Pusch, 1836 .

Discussion. Extant species, such as the eastern Pacific Pteropurpura deroyana Berry, 1968 and the IWP species Pteropurpura modesta (Fulton, H.C., 1936) , are characterized by flaring, wing-like varices. Similarly, the Miocene Pteropurpura delbosiana (Grateloup, 1846) has wing-like varices between the spines and is much larger, attaining 70 mm in height (see Landau et al. 2013: pl. 22, figs 13–14). In contrast, Pteropurpura polonica (Pusch, 1836) has simple, isolated spines. Some specimens of P. polonica differ from typical specimens in their relatively wide delbosiana -like varices and less isolated spines (e.g., Kovács et al. 2018: figs 7M–O; Figs XC). We consider these specimens to be robust phenotypes of P. polonica and doubt that P. delbosiana is reliably recorded from the Miocene of the Paratethys Sea. Pteropurpura delbosiana is documented so far from the Aquitanian/Burdigalian (Early Miocene) of the Aquitaine Basin in France (Léognan, Martillac) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1924) and the Serravallian (Middle Miocene) of the Karaman Basin in Turkey (Lale, Akboğaz, Akpınar, Seyithasan) ( Landau et al. 2013).

Paleoenvironment. Most common in middle to outer neritic, marine environments.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Polish-Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Pinczowa, Rakowa, Szydlowa I Ataszowa, Zabiak, Zapadnia, Żukowce (Zhukivtsi) ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1912); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) (hoc opus); Pannonian Basin: Letkés, Tekeres ( Hungary) ( Kovács et al. 2018; Kovács 2020); Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Bałuk 1995); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria) (Hörnes 1856); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus, Nemeşeşti ( Romania) ( Kovács 2019; hoc opus); Dacian Basin: Bozuritsa, Opanec ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Genus Pterynopsis E.H. Vokes, 1972

Type species. Pterynopsis prosopeion E.H. Vokes, 1972 View in CoL ; by original designation. Miocene, North Sea.

NHMW	Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien

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Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Mollusca
Class	Gastropoda
Order	Neogastropoda
Family	Muricidae
Genus	Pteropurpura