Caladomyia bruneola, Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, 2012

Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, 2012, A systematic review of Neotropical Caladomyia Säwedal (Diptera: Chironomidae), Zootaxa 3495, pp. 1-41 : 13-16

Caladomyia bruneola sp. n.

( Figs 17–26 )

Type material. Holotype: male, BRAZIL, SP, Cananéia (25º 01' S, 47º 53' W), leg. F. O. Roque, 5/iii/2003 (C2–01, LEIA /UFSCar). Paratypes: 1 male (C2– 6, LEIA /UFSCar), 2 larvae (euparal) in the same slide, 2 larvae (Hoyer) in the same slide, 3 pupal exuviae (C2–03, LEIA /UFSCar), in the same slide, 1 female (C2–08, LEIA / UFSCar), as holotype, 1 larva with pharate pupa (Hoyer), as holotype except 17/vii/2001.

Etymology. The name bruneola is given in allusion to the brown coloration of the antenna, thorax and legs of the adults of this species.

Diagnostic characters. Caladomyia bruneola sp. n. differs from all other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters. Adult male: thorax yellowish brown, posnotum dark brown, legs and antenna brown; AR 0.70; hypopygium with anal tergite bands Y-shaped, fused part 41 µm long; anal point 26 µm long with posterior ending divided in three protrusions; bars 29 µm long; digitus 35 µm long, reaching well beyond posteromedian margin of superior volsella. Adult female: AR 0.52; wing membrane as male; genitalia with nearly straight GcaVIII; GcIX with 1 seta; GpVIII simple, rounded. Pupa: frontal apotome wrinkled, without cephalic tubercle; thorax with weak granulation close to anterior median suture; tergite III and IV with longitudinal paired band of long spines; T V and T VI with paired patches of short multiple spines. Larva: Antenna white brown; antennal pedestal with spur; clypeal S3 plumose.

Description

Male (n = 2)

Dimensions. Small, length about 1.90 mm. Wing length 1.09–1.10 mm.

Coloration. Head yellow, flagellum and palps brown. Thorax white brown, postnotum dark brown, abdomen yellow brown, legs brown.

Head. Eyes ration 1.8. Frontal tubercles 8–9 µm long. Antennal flagellum 719–725 µm long; AR 0.66–0.70. Palpomere 2–5 lengths: 25, 100, 87, 181 µm. Temporal setae 5–6, uniserial. Clypeus with 12–13 setae.

Thorax. Ac 10–12, biserial, beginning near antepronotum; Dc 4–5; Pa 1; Scts 4. Halteres with 4 setae.

Wing. Width 0.31 mm. VR 1.19–1.25. Membrane macrotrichia restricted to distal portion of the wing.

Legs. Front tibia with one short white spur. Mid and hind tibiae with two black combs, each one with one spur. Lengths and proportions as in Table 4.

fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR p1 615–625 243–261 769–819 369–394 319–323 261–269 107–112 2.94–3.37 p2 569–575 431–444 261–269 112–123 75–77 56–61 37–46 0.61 p3 575–600 530–556 362–384 225–261 169–219 125–138 56–61 0.65–0.72 Hypopygium ( Fig. 17 ). Anal tergite near 69 µm long, with 2 distal setae. Anal tergite bands Y-shaped; fused part about 38–40 µm long. Anal point 26–28 µm long, with slightly concave margins; lateral margin bearing 2 setae. AnPR 2.3–2.5. Anal point bars 29–30 µm long, their tips reaching beyond apex of anal point; AnPBR 1.3. Superior volsella with 4 dorsal setae and 2 on anterior part of median margin. Digitus 35 µm long, reaching well beyond median corner of superior volsella. Median volsella 14 µm long, with 2 lamelliform and 4 simple setae. Gonostylus 64 µm long. Hypopygium ratio 0.86.

Female (n = 2)

Dimension and coloration. Length 1.11–1.30 mm. Wing length 0.92–1.03 mm. Coloration as male.

Head. Eyes bare, with little dorsomedian extension. Eyes ratio 2.5–3.5. Antennal flagellum slightly shorter than palp; Fm lengths 1–5: 30–33, 61–65, 40–45, 49, 94 µm. AR 0.50–0.51. Palpomere 2–5 lengths: 24–27, 88–91, 82–85, 128–168 µm. Frontal tubercles short, 3 µm long. Temporal 5 setae. Clypeus with 12 setae.

Thorax. Ac 10–12 biserial, beginning near antepronotum; Dc 5–6; Pa 1 prealars; Scts 4. Scutal tubercle absent. Each halteres with 4 setae

Wing. Width 0.31–0.34 mm. VR 1.17–1.20. Macrotrichia covering all cells and veins except M and basal third of M1+2. R 2+3 not indistinct; R4+5 ends proximal of M 3+4.

Legs. Fore tibia with one short spur; mid and hind tibial combs with one black spur. Lengths and proportions as in Table 5.

fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR p1 531–569 237–261 694–800 331–369 287–338 215–219 108–137 2.06–2.92 p2 500–523 387–415 200–230 87–107 61–75 44–46 31 0.51–0.55 p3 494–583 456–492 281–307 184–187 162–169 81–107 56–62 0.57–0.62 Genitalia ( Fig. 18 ). Sternite VIII bearing 14 setae distributed regularly; SVIII form a large floor under anterior part of vagina; posteromedian contour of SVIII rounded. GpVIII not divided, and densely covered with caudolateral microtrichia. Notum, 69 µm long, 1.6 times as long as seminal capsules. Seminal capsules ovoid, near 43 µm long, without neck. Spermathecal duct very long and forming a loop, with enlarged portion near the seminal capsules connection. GcaVIII somewhat curved, running diagonally to posteromedian corner of SVIII. GcIX with 1 seta.

Pupal exuviae (n = 3)

Dimensions. Small, male abdomen lenght near 2.1 mm, female 0.8 mm.Wing sheath 706 µm.Coloration yellow brown.

Cephalothorax. Frontal setae elongate, slender, 76 µm long; cephalic tubercles absent ( Fig. 19 ). Thoracic horn slender and smooth. Thorax with weak granulation close to median suture; wing sheath with prominent nose ( Fig. 20 ). Thoracic setation on both sides: 3 precorneals (Pc1–3), 176, 137, 145 µm long, and 2 lateral antepronotals (LAps1–3). Dc 1–4 present and situated in two groups widely separated; distance between D C1– D C3 128 µm.

Abdomen. Tergite I bare; II with central transverse field of fine shagreen; T III with longitudinal paired bands of long spines diverging posteriorly; T IV with longitudinal paired bands diverging slightly posterior; T V–VI with paired patches of short multiple (bifid or trifid) spinules ( Figs 21 and 22 ). Hook row continuous, occupying near 1/ 3 width of segment II. Segment VIII with posterolateral combs consisting of 5–6 large marginal teeth and 8–9 overlapping ventral teeth ( Fig. 23 ). Anal lobe with 23–24 taeniate setae and 2 dorsal taeniae. Segments II–IV with 3 L setae; segments V–VI with 3 taeniae;segment VIII with 4 taeniae; segment VIII with 5 taeniae.

4th instar larva (n = 5)

Dimensions. Small, total length 3.4–3.7 mm.

Head. Width 200–218 µm, length 244–262 µm; IC 0.82–0.83. Clypeal (S3) plumose ( Fig. 25 ). Antenna somewhat brownish, 5-segmented, placed on prominent pedestal, 45–46 µm long with spur; basal segment 1.5 times as long as flagellum, with basal ring organ and small seta in distal 2/3; segment 2 as long as segments 3–5; Lauterborn organs large, pedicels, including LO, 75–77 µm long, proximal half sclerotized ( Fig. 24 ). Pecten epipharyngis of 3 distally serrated scales. Premandible with 3 teeth; brush well developed. Mandible with pale dorsal tooth; apical and two inner teeth brown. Mentum 61 µm long, with pale median tooth slightly notched laterally, 5 pairs of lateral teeth brown, decreasing in size laterally ( Fig. 26 ).

Abdomen with anal tubules short, near 43 µm long. Posterior parapods with simple hooks.

Remarks. The brown coloration of the antenna, thorax and legs are the main characteristics that differentiate the males of C. bruneola sp. n. from other species. The patterns and distribution of spines on abdominal tergite of the pupa are similar to those of C. carolensis sp. n. and C. kapilei sp. n. The brown coloration of the larval antenna and the plumose clypeal seta (S3) separate the larvae of this species from others of the genus.

The larvae were collected in one “restinga” stream in the littoral of Cananéia municipality. The larvae were maintained in the laboratory in trays of creation until the emergence of adults.

Figures

FIGURES 17 – 18. Caladomyia bruneola sp. n. 17. Male hypopygium, dorsal (left), ventral (right). 18. Female genitalia, ventral.

FIGURES 19 – 26. Caladomyia bruneola sp. n. Pupa. 19. Frontal apotome. 20. Thorax, lateral. 21. Abdominal tergites. 22. Spines of tergites III – V. 23. Posterolateral comb of segment VIII. Larva. 24. Antenna. 25. Clypeal seta S 3. 26. Mentum and ventromental plate.