Iteaphila triangula (Coquillett)

Sinclair, Bradley J. & Shamshev, Igor V., 2012, 3561, Zootaxa 3561, pp. 1-61 : 49-52

Iteaphila triangula (Coquillett)

( Figs. 13B, 14B)

Empis triangula Coquillett, 1900: 410 . Type locality: Yakutat, Alaska, USA [after lectotype designation]; Melander, 1902: 296. Iteaphila triangula (Coquillett) : Melander, 1928: 104; Melander, 1946: 37.

Type material examined. LECTOTYPE (here designated), ♂ labelled: “Yakutat, Alaska/ June 21 ’[18]99”; “Harriman Expedition’99/ T.Kincaid, Collector”; “ParatypeNo./ 5214/ U.S.N.M. [red label]”; “ Iteaphila / triangula/ Coq. [hand-written]”; “ LECTOTYPE / of Empis / triangula Coq. / det. B.J. Sinclair 2011 [red label]” ( USNM) . PARALECTOTYPES: CANADA. British Columbia: Lowe’s Inlet, 3.vi.1899, Harriman Expedition’ 99, T. Kincaid ; Paratype No. 5214, U.S.N.M. (10 ♀, USNM) . USA. Alaska: same data as lectotype (1 ♂. 2 ♀, USNM) ;

Sitka , 16.vi.1899, Harriman Expedition’99, T . Kincaid ; Paratype No. 5214, U.S. N.M. (1 ♂, USNM); Farragut Bay, 8.vi.1899, Harriman Expedition’99, T . Kincaid; Paratype No. 5214, U.S. N.M. (1 ♀, USNM) .

The following locality was not listed in the original publication, but type labels are present (presumably attached subsequently) and are likely some of the missing male syntypes: “ Orca / 6 27 99”; “ Harriman Expedition’ 99/ T. Kincaid, Collector ”; “ParatypeNo./ 5215/ U.S. N.M.” (4 ♂, USNM) .

Taxonomic notes. A male specimen was labelled lectotype accordingly to fix and stabilize the current concept of the name.

Additional material examined. CANADA. Alberta: Moraine L, 11.vii.1925, O. Bryant (1 ♀, CAS); Waterton Lakes NP , Cameron Lk , 17,18. vi.1956, O. Peck, E.E. Sterns (1 ♂, 4 ♀, CNC) . British Columbia: Bowser , 30.v., 7.vi.1955, J. R . McGillis (2 ♀, CNC); Hedley, Nickel Plate, 5000', 24.vii.1953, D.F. Harwick (1 ♀, CNC); Horne Lk , 4.vi.1955, R . Coyles (3 ♀, CNC); Kaien Is., 6.v.1979, R . J. Cannings (1 ♂, UBCZ); Kitimat , 2.vi.1960, JGC, R . Pilfrey, flowers of Vaccinium (2 ♀, CNC); Kootenay NP , Daer-Pitts Aspen Burn 1, MT , 25.vi.- 9.vii.2000, G. Gareau (1 ♀, CNC); Manning Pk , 1700 m, 27.vi.1984, R . Danielsson (2 ♀, MZLU); Robson , 25.vi.1959, H. R . Foxlee (1 ♀, UBCZ); Shatford Ck , 1500 m, 29.vi.1981, R . J. Cannings (1 ♀, UBCZ); Mt. Thornhill, nr. Terrace, 21.vi., 14.vii.1960, JGC (2 ♂, 2 ♀, CNC); 10 mi W Terrace, 9.vi.1960, JGC (1 ♀, CNC); 32 mi SW Terrace , 4.vi.1960, GES (1 ♀, CNC); Vancouver , 25.iii.1915, 7.iv.1915, 8.iv.1916 (1 ♂, 2 ♀, USNM); Vancouver , 7.v.1932, GJS (1 ♀, UBCZ) . USA. Alaska: Kenai NWR , N Fuller Lk, 1750ft, 21.vi.2004, G. Grimes (1 ♂, UAM); Kenai NWR , 2.1 kmESE Pothole Lk, 4.8 kmW Upper Russian Lk , 800ft, 14.vi.2004, J. Lewis (1 ♀, UAM) . Montana: Glacier Pk, Grinnell Lk , 24.vii.1935, ALM (1 ♀, USNM) . Washington: Ocean Park, 7.v.1954 (1 ♀, WSU); Pierce Co., Mt. Rainier NP , 14 km ENE Paradise, Owyhigh Tr, 46º45'44''N 121º39'26''W, 16.vi.2004, C.J. Borkent (1 ♀, CNC); Skagit Co., Baker Lk , 27.v.1965, F. Schmid (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC); Tacoma , 12.iv.1913 (3 ♀, USNM) .

Recognition. This species is distinguished by the very long proboscis, 1.2–2 times head height, apex of phallus broad and upturned, hypandrium with tuft of stout black setae, and hypoproct process absent. Female coloration varies from dark to entirely yellowish red.

Re-description. Wing length 3.7–4.5 mm. Male. Head subcircular, black, with black to pale setation; occiput brownish pollinose. Holoptic, with upper ommatidia enlarged. Frons represented by small triangular space just above antennae, bare, brownish grey pollinose. Ocellar triangle very prominent, with pair of long, thin, proclinate ocellar setae. Postvertical and postocular setae long, thin, hair-like; additionally, occiput covered with numerous similar setae longer on lower part and generally paler. Antenna brown; scape short, subequal to globular pedicel, both with short setae; postpedicel nearly 4.5 times longer than basal width, smoothly tapered; stylus very short, shorter than basal width of postpedicel, bristle-tipped, length of segment 9 about half length of width, apical bristle longer than segment 9. Proboscis very long, 1.5–2 times head height, projected obliquely; labium longer than head height; palpus projected parallel to labrum, slightly shorter than length of labrum.

Thorax black (postpronotal lobe often yellowish posteriorly and postalar ridge brownish yellow), with brown to black setation; smoothly arched, prescutellar depression very slightly prominent; scutum viewed dorsally largely velvety brown, somewhat shiny, lacking vittae. Proepisternum with several brown bristly hairs in lower and upper parts. Postpronotal lobe with several fine setae and 1 prominent seta. Mesonotal setae mostly prominent, usually 2–4 npl, 2–3 prescutellar dc, 1 pal and sctl somewhat stronger but their number and position varying (except pal); acr biserial, separated by half length of setula, ending at prescutellar depression; dc short, subequal to length of acr, uniserial; 4–6 pairs of sctl in single row.

Legs brown (knees paler). Coxae and trochanters with several short, fine setae. Fore and mid femora with row of long posteroventral setae. Hind femur with row of long anteroventral and dorsal and short posteroventral hairlike setae. Tibiae lacking prominent setae. Tarsomere 5 on all legs slightly flattened; pulvilli broad, shorter than tarsal claw.

Wing infuscate, with brown veins; no bristle at wing base; stigma distinct brownish, elliptical, overlapping apex of vein R 1; anal lobe very prominent, acute. R 2+3 slightly arched beneath stigma; radial fork with base proximal to apex of R 2+3; R 5 and M 1 divergent before wing-apex; cell d broad, longer than basal cells, truncate to slighty produced apically; m-m crossvein long, M branches widely separated; dm-cu crossvein slightly curved; M 4 subequal to length of dm-cu crossvein. Apex of cell cua slightly rounded, CuP+CuA long, ending short of wing margin. Halter dark.

Abdomen narrowed proximad, covered with numerous, brown, long hair-like setae, posteromarginal setae slightly prominent; tergites viewed dorsally subshiny, finely greyish pollinose, viewed posteriorly densely greyish brown pollinose; sternites finely pollinose. Terminalia concolorous with abdomen, enlarged. Hypandrium robustly rounded, upcurved apically with broadly hooked apex; clothed in dense patch of long, erect setae; gonocoxal apodeme short and slender. Postgonite posterior to phallus, extended beyond epandrium, parallel with phallus and strongly bent nearly at right angles subapically; bent apical section strongly attenuated into slender arched tip, clothed in spine-like microtrichia. Epandrium not greatly inflated laterally; dorsal bridge narrow; anterior half subquadrate and very broad, posterior half greatly narrowed compared to anterior half; inner face of apex of surstylus with ventrally projected pointed hook-like process. Phallus long and robust, arched well beyond cercus, strongly bent subapically ( Fig. 13B); apical section broad with apex attenuated and recurved; apex rounded and partially membranous; ejaculatory apodeme plate-like, rounded, shorter than gonocoxal apodeme; base of phallus produced posteriorly into pair of widely separated lobes, nearly parallel to margin of hypandrium, arched, apex rounded. Cercus tapered, distinctly shorter than epandrium, finger-like and narrow basally, apex sharply rounded, extended free from epandrium; hypoproct not produced into paired lobes.

Female. Two forms present: dark and yellow. In dark form head and thorax black, legs and abdomen pale brown with pale setae; wing infuscate with clouding about veins. In yellow form head black, thorax, abdomen and legs mostlly yellow, except apical tarsi brownish; wings faintly infuscate; setae of abdomen dark. Occiput densely brownish grey pollinose. Dichoptic, with equally small ommatidia. Gena very narrow. Frons very broad, almost parallel-sided, with marginal setulae, densely pollinose. Anterior ocellars broadly lateroclinate, moderately long; posterior ocellars minute. On yellow form, scutum occasionally when viewed dorsally with 3 faint, narrow blackish vittae down acr and dc setae. Legs with setation of fore and mid femora inconspicuous. Cercus brownish, elongate, slender.

Distribution. This species is confined to northwestern North America, ranging from Alaska to Washington ( Fig. 14B).