Lycodon subannulatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)

Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, Zootaxa 5287 (1), pp. 1-378 : 166

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:78E23714-8973-4755-BC94-0A751D7D2B37

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967934

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73-FF3F-B8D3-FF6B-47CF78A008AB

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Lycodon subannulatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
status

 

Lycodon subannulatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) View in CoL — Native.

Odontomus sub-annulatus A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A. Duméril, 1854: 454–455 . Holotype: RMNH. RENA.985, by original designation. Type locality: “habite l’île de Sumatra ”, Indonesia; later restricted to “ Padang , West Sumatra ”, Indonesia by de Haas (1950: 553).

Malayan Bridle Snake

( Figure 19C View FIGURE 19 )

Singapore records.

Nymphophidium subannulatum — Dennys, 1880a: 3.— Dennys, 1881b: 2.— Blanford, 1881: 215.

Hydrophobus subannulatus — Boulenger, 1890a: 297.

Dryocalamus subannulatus — Boulenger, 1893: 371.— Boulenger, 1896: 620.— Flower, 1896: 881.— Hanitsch, 1898: 19.— Flower, 1899: 665.—Ridley, 1899: 207.— Boulenger, 1912: 134.— Hanitsch, 1912b: 16.— de Rooij, 1917: 119.—Sworder, 1923: 62.—Smedley, 1931b: 50.— de Haas, 1950: 554.—K. Lim, 1990a: 7 (Upper Peirce Reservoir Road).—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 54.—F.L.K. Lim, 1991: 63 (Upper Peirce).—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim, 1992: 145.—P.K.L. Ng & K.K.P. Lim, 1992: 260.—Wee, 1992: 73 (Lower Peirce Reservoir Park).—L.M. Chou et al., 1994: 105.—K.K.P. Lim, 1994b: 331.— David & Vogel, 1996: 79.—R.C.H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 380 (Lower Peirce East Forest; Nee Soon Range [NSSF]Taban & Lasia Valleys [BTNR]).— Cox et al., 1998: 65.—Chan-ard et al., 1999: 32.— Iskandar & Colijn, 2001: 56.—K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim, 2002: 146.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 101, 161.—K.K.P. Lim et al., 2008: 163, 264.— Das, 2010: 278.—P.K.L. Ng et al., 2011: 272.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 101, 161.— Das, 2012a: 39.—K.K.P. Lim et al., 2013: 122–123 (Hindhede Nature Park; Nee Soon Swamp Forest; Upper Seletar Reservoir Park).—Stuebing et al., 2014: 174.—Wallach et al., 2014: 248.—Chan-ard et al., 2015: 203.— de Lang, 2017: 145.— Das, 2018: 47.—J.L. Lee et al., 2018: 341.—R.C.H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 163, 181 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).— Charlton, 2020: 179.—J.M. Yau et al., 2020: 6 (Old Upper Thomson Road).

Lycodon subannulatus View in CoL — Leo et al., 2020: 257.

Remarks. Previously recognised as Dryocalamus subannulatus , this species is currently known as Lycodon subannulatus since Figueroa et al. (2016) synonymised Dryocalamus with Lycodon . Dennys (1880a) first reported L. subannulatus from Singapore in a newspaper article, followed by Blanford (1881) in a journal article. Yet, Boulenger (1890a) corrected the locality of Ģnther’s (1864) new species, Nymphophidium maculatum ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ), from India (referring to “ British India ”) to Singapore, making it the earliest specimen from Singapore. The specimen was part of Hardwicke’s collection at NHMUK. Later, Boulenger (1896) examined another specimen at NHMUK collected by Ridley. Since the collection of this specimen, L. subannulatus escaped detection in Singapore for about 94 years ( Table 2 View TABLE 2 ) until it was rediscovered on 29 April 1990 from a roadkill specimen at UPRR ( Lim 1990a). Subsequently, two living individuals were found in 1996, one at BTNR and the other at NSSF (Teo & Rajathurai 1997). The only other published records include three from 2008 reported by Lim et al. (2013), one climbing a tree at BTNR in 2019 (Teo & Thomas 2019), and one resting on a railing along Old Upper Thomson Road (Yau et al. 2020). The individual in Figure 19C View FIGURE 19 was photographed at BTNR on 5 June 2015 (M.-R. Low unpub. data).

Occurrence. Restricted to CNR and surrounding Nature Parks. Rare.

Singapore conservation status. Endangered.

Conservation priority. Highest.

IUCN conservation status. Least Concern [2013].

LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. Singapore (no locality) : BMNH 1895.1 .8.7 (no date) , BMNH 1946.1 .13.80 (no date) [holotype of Nymphophidium maculatum ] , ZRC.2.3097 (no date); Central Nature Reserve : ZRC.2.6317 (2006); Rifle Range Road [ RRNP] : ZRC.2.7272 (05-Jun-2017); Upper Peirce Reservoir Road : ZRC.2.2597 (29-Apr-1990); Upper Seletar Reservoir Road : ZRC.2.6684 (14-Dec-2007) .

Additional Singapore museum specimens. Singapore (no locality): CAS.

Singapore localities. Bukit Timah Nature Reserve—Hindhede Nature Park—Lower Peirce Forest—Lower Peirce Reservoir Park—Nee Soon Swamp Forest—Old Upper Thomson Road—Rifle Range Nature Park—Upper Peirce (not specified)—Upper Peirce Reservoir Road—Upper Seletar Reservoir Park—Upper Seletar Reservoir Road.

NHMUK

Natural History Museum, London

ZRC

Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Reptilia

Order

Squamata

Family

Colubridae

Genus

Lycodon

Loc

Lycodon subannulatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)

Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P. 2023
2023
Loc

Lycodon subannulatus

Leo, S. & Suherman, M. & Permatasari, A. & Suganda, D. & Zulamri, W. N. 2020: 257
2020
Loc

Dryocalamus subannulatus

Charlton, T. 2020: 179
Das, I. 2018: 47
Lee, J. L. & Miller, A. H. & Connette, G. M. & Oo, K. S. & Zug, G. R. & Mulcahy, D. G. 2018: 341
de Lang, R. 2017: 145
Lim, K. K. P. & Leong, T. M. & Ng, B. C. 2013: 122
Das, I. 2012: 39
Das, I. 2010: 278
Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. 2002: 146
Iskandar, D. T. & Colijn, E. 2001: 56
Cox, M. J. & van Dijk, P. P. & Nabhitabhata, J. & Thirakhupt, K. 1998: 65
David, P. & Vogel, G. 1996: 79
Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. 1994: 105
Lim, K. K. P. 1994: 331
Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. 1992: 145
Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. 1992: 260
Lim, K. 1990: 7
de Haas, C. P. J. 1950: 554
de Rooij, N. 1917: 119
Boulenger, G. A. 1912: 134
Hanitsch, R. 1912: 16
Flower, S. S. 1899: 665
Hanitsch, R. 1898: 19
Boulenger, G. A. 1896: 620
Flower, S. S. 1896: 881
Boulenger, G. A. 1893: 371
1893
Loc

Hydrophobus subannulatus

Boulenger, G. A. 1890: 297
1890
Loc

Nymphophidium subannulatum

Dennys, N. B. 1881: 2
Blanford, W. T. 1881: 215
Dennys, N. B. 1880: 3
1880
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