Paragona cognata ( Staudinger, 1892 )

Kononenko, Vladimir S., Han, Hui-Lin, Yu, Alexej & V, Ато, 2010, A review of the Eastern Palaearctic genera Paragona Staudinger, 1892 and Paragabara Hampson, 1926 with description of two new species and a new genus (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Aventiinae, Hypeninae), Zootaxa 2679, pp. 51-68 : 52-53

Paragona cognata ( Staudinger, 1892)

( Figs. 1 , 17 , 29 )

Boletobia cognata Staudinger, 1892 , in Romanoff N.M.(ed.), Mémories sur les Lépidoptéres. 6: 606. Type-locality: Russia Primorye: Askold I., Suifun [Razdolnaya] river. Syntypes: MNHU, Berlin.

Material examined. Types: Syntype: female [ Russia] Suifun, Dorris/ Origin. ( MNHU). Other material: Russia: Krasnojarsk terr.: 2 males, vicinity of Minusinsk, 17.vii.1922, 18.vii.1924 (I.V. Kozhanchikov); 6 males, Minusinsk, 17.vii.–2.viii.1925 (Kravchenko & Tzygankov); Irkutsk region: 1 male, Baikal, M. Koty (unknown collector); 10 males, Burjatia republic: 4 females, Ulan-Ude, 21–24.vii.1956 (V.D. Kolmakova); Chita region: 1 male, 5 km SW of mouth of Budjunkan river, 25.vii.2002 (V.V. Dubatolov); 1 male, “Transbaikalia, Dahuria, Nizhnii Chassuchei, 18.vii.1988 (I. Kostjuk) ( ZMHU); Amur region: 1 female, Blagoveshchensk (Graeser); 3 males ,, 75 km W of Svobodnyj, 25–29.vii.1959 (M.I. Falkovich); 1 male, 40 km W of Svobodnyj, Klimoutsy, 17.vii.1958 (V.I. Kuznetzov); 1 female, between rivers Malaya Pera and Bolshaya Ergelja, 14.vii.1958 (I.L. Sukhareva); Khabarovsk terr.: 1 male, Bolshekhekhtsyrskij nature reserve, Chirki, 48°11’ N 134°41’ E, 14.vii.2005 (V.V. Dubatolov); Primorye terr.: Pozharsky distr. 1 male, Verkhnij Pereval, 20.vii.1990 (S.Ju. Sinev); Olginsy distr.: 4 females, Olga, 26.vii.–1.viii.1991 (A.V. Nekrasov); Lazovsky distr.: 1 male, Lazovsky Nature reserve, Glazkovka 28.viii.1992 (Z.F. Kljutschko), misidentified as Paragona inchoata ( ZFMK); 1 male, 43 16’N, 134 08’E, Lazovsky Nature Reserve, 5–9.viii.1998 (Kullberg & Kaare) ( ZMHU); Partizansky distr.: 1 male, 2 females, “Suchan” [Partizansk], 26.vii–3.viii.1928 (A. Kurentzov); 1 male, female, “Suchanskij rudnik” [Partizansk], 16–19.vii.1938 (Palshkov); 1 female, Tigrovoi, 28.vii.1928 (A. Kurentzov); 2 males, Tigrovoi, 5–12.vii.1975 (V. Kononenko); Jakovlevsky distr.: 4 males, 2 females, Jakovlevka, 10.vii.–10.ix.1926 (A.M. Djakonov & I.N. Filipjev); Pogranichny distr., Barabash- Levada: 6 males, 4 females, 10–18.vii.1979 (V. Kononenko); 2 males, female, 9–11.viii.1989 (Nikiforova); 1 female, 2.vii.–2.viii.1994 (A. Danchenko); Ussuriisky distr. 1 male, “Nikolsk-Ussuriensis”, 2.viii.1923 (G. Dulkeit); 1female, Gornotaezhnoe, 30.vii.1982 (S.Ju. Sinev); 1 female, Doliny 12–19.vii.1981 (Nagomatulin, ex coll. A.V. Nekrasov); 1 male, 20 km SW of Krounovka, Medveditsa river, 12.08.1999 (S.Ju. Sinev); Khasansky distr.: 5 males, 4 females, 5–12.vii.1987, Kedrovaya Pad Nature reserve (V. Kononenko); 2 male, 1 female, Ryazanovka, 26–29.vii.2005 (V. Kononenko); 1 male, Russia, Andreevka, 42 37’N, 131 08’E, 15.viii.1998 (Kullberg & Kaare); Nadezhdinsky distr., De-Friz peninsula: 4 males, female, 29.vii.1955, 27.vii.–13.viii.1960, 5.vii.1961 (M. Omel’ko); 1 female, 5.viii.1954 (Kolosov, ex coll. A.V. Nekrasov).Vladivostok: 2 males, Sedanka, 20.vii.–2.viii.1918 (Kriger-Vojnovskij);

Diagnosis. Superficially, P. cognata ( Figs. 1 ). differs from P. multisignata in darker, more uniform browngrey with pale lilac suffusion wing colour darker in medial field, more dentate crosslines and absence of metallic-shining scales on abdomen. In male genitalia, ( Fig. 17 ) valva slightly split, tip of costa short, slightly curved on the apex; harpe thin and longer than in P. multisignata . In female genitalia ( Fig. 25 ), apophyses anterior longer and more massive than in P. multisignata , ductus bursae moderate short, wider than in P. multisignata , antevaginal plate large, corpus bursae with small spine-like signa in the caudal part.

Distribution and biology. ( Fig. 37 ). Central Asian - Siberian-Manchurian, subboreal. West Siberia, Altai, Kazakhstan, Central Asia ( Tajikistan), Mongolia, China, south of Russian Far East (Amur region, Khabarovsk and Primorye terr.) ( Chen 1982; Kononenko 1990, 2005; Kononenko et al. 1998; Kononenko & Han 2007). Meso-xerophilous species, occurs in dry, open biotopes, forest-steppe, woodsides, clearings, bushes and meadows. The flight period is from July to September. The larva and its foodplants are unknown.

Notes. The species was placed by earlier authors in the genus Parascotia Hübner , [1825] 1816 (= Boletobia Boisduval, 1840) (at present subfamily Boletobinae) and transferred to Paragona via its congener P. multisignata ( Kononenko 2005) .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 8. Paragona sp., external appearance. 1. P. cognata, male, syntype, Russia, Primorye terr. (MNHU); 2. P. multisignata, male, syntype, Russia, Amur. (MNHU); 3. P. inchoata, male, China (ZFMK); 4. P. cleoridis, male, Japan (ZMHU); 5, 6. P. n e m o r a t a, paratypes, male and female, South Korea (KNA); 7, 8. P. dubia, Taiwan, type (after Wang 1994).

FIGURES 17 – 22. Paragona sp., male genitalia. 17. P. cognata, Russia, Primorye terr., prep. 550 VK (IBSS); 18. P. multisignata, Russia, Primorye terr., glycerin prep. AM (ZISP); 19. P. inchoata, South Korea, prep. 277 - 1 HHL (CIS); 20. P. cleoridis, Japan, prep. 021508 - 1 VK (ZMHU); 21, 22. P. n e m o r a t a, 21 – paratype, South Korea prep. 1049 - 1 HHL (KNA), 22 – Russia, Primorye terr., paratype, prep. 554 VK (IBSS);

FIGURES 29 – 36. Paragona, Paragabara and Remmigabara, female genitalia. 29. P. cognata, Russia, Primorye terr., glycerin prep. AM (ZISP); 30. P. multisignata, N China, prep. 798 HHL (CIS); 31. P. inchoata, South Korea, prep. 277 - 2 HHL (CIS); 32. P. n e m o r a t a, paratype, South Korea, prep. 1050 - 1 HHL (KNA); 33. Paragabara flavomacula, Russia, Primorye terr., glycerin prep. AM (ZISP); 34. P. ochreipennis, Japan, prep. 0080 Matov (ZISP); 35. P. curvicornuta, Russia, Primorye terr., prep. 0086 Matov. (ZISP); 36. Remmigabara secunda, S Korea, prep. 275 - 2 HHL (CIS);

FIGURES 23 – 28. Paragabara, Remmigabara and Britha, male genitalia. 23. Paragabara flavomacula, Russia Primorye terr., glycerin prep. AM (ZISP); 24. P. ochreipennis, Russia Primorye terr., prep. 0085 Matov (ZISP); 25. P. curvicornuta, paratype, Russia Primorye terr., prep 0083 Matov (ZISP); 26.. P. curvicornuta, paratype, Russia Primorye terr., glycerin prep. 2335 VK (ZFMK), everted vesica: North China, prep. HHL (NEFU); 27. Remmigabara secunda, S Korea, prep. 275 - 1 HHL (CIS); 28. Britha inambitiosa, Japan prep. K. Eda.

FIGURES 37 – 44. Paragona, Paragabara and Remmigabara, distribution maps. 37. Paragona cognata; 38. P. multisignata; 39. P. inchoata; 40. P. cleoridis; 41. P. n emor at a; 42. Paragabara flavomacula; 43. P. ochreipennis; 44. P. curvicornuta; 46. Remmigabara secunda.